Requirements for the lighting of the computer science classroom. Requirements for an informatics cabinet: general rules, SanPin norms and work safety
Requirements for an informatics classroom
and computer technology.
2.10. Cabinet of Informatics and Computer Engineering (IVT).
2.10.1. Sanitary and hygienic requirements
2.10.1.1. The premises of the IWT cabinet must have natural and artificial lighting in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
2.10.1.2. The main stream of natural light should be on the left. The orientation of window openings should be north or northeast. It is not allowed to direct the main luminous flux of natural light behind and in front of the PC operating. With double-sided lighting at a depth of more than 6 m in the cabinet, a right-sided lighting device is required, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.
2.10.1.3. In the lighting installations of the IWT cabinet, a general lighting system should be used, made by ceiling or pendant fluorescent lamps, evenly spaced along the ceiling in rows in the form of solid lines on both sides of the desktop with a PC or VDT. Lamps, as well as window light apertures, should not be reflected on the screens of a PC or VDT.
2.10.1.4. The illumination of the surface of student tables under artificial lighting should be in the range of 300-500 lux. Luminaires must have light-scattering fittings.
2.10.1.5. As light sources, it is recommended to use fluorescent lamps with a power of 40W, 58W or energy-saving power of 36W of the LB, LHB type as the most efficient and acceptable in terms of spectral composition.
2.10.1.6. For classrooms with PCs and VDTs, lamps of the LP036 series with high-frequency ballasts (VChPRA) should be used. It is possible to allow the use of luminaires without VChPRA in the "oblique light" modification.
2.10.1.7. In rooms with a PC, due to air pollution by anthropogenic organic substances and carbon dioxide, it is recommended to have supply and exhaust ventilation that provides optimal temperature and humidity conditions for all climatic zones.
Optimal parametersValid parameters
Temperature, C
Relative humidity, %
Temperature, C
Relative humidity, %
2.10.1.8. With absence supply and exhaust ventilation you can organize air conditioning with the help of household air conditioners. Calculation of air conditioners should be carried out by a ventilation engineer depending on their performance, the amount of heat surplus from cars, people, solar radiation and artificial lighting sources.
2.10.1.9. The IWT cabinet should be equipped with a washbasin with hot and cold water.
2.10.1.10. The power supply of the cabinet must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 28139-89 and PUE.
2.10.1.11. The supply of electrical voltage to the tables of students and teachers must be stationary and hidden.
2.10.1.12. The location of the electrical panel and the Residual Current Device should give the teacher the ability to instantly turn off the power supply system. Recommended placement is to the left or right of the chalkboard.
2.10.1.13. To ensure fire safety, the office of the MBT must be equipped with 2 carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (type OU-2).
2.10.1.14. For painting walls and panels, light colors of paints should be used (p = 0.5-0.6). The composition of the paints must exclude the occurrence of lime dust.
2.10.1.15. The surfaces of the enclosing structures of the cabinet, blackboard, desktops should be matte.
2.10.1.16. The surface of the floor must be smooth, without potholes, non-slip, easy to clean and wet cleaning, and have antistatic properties.
2.10.1.17. The content of harmful chemicals in indoor air using video display terminals (VDTs) and personal electronic computers (PCs) should not exceed the average daily concentrations for atmospheric air.
2.10.1.18. For interior decoration interior of premises with PCs and VDTs, it is not allowed to use synthetic materials that release harmful chemicals and compounds into the air. These include chipboard, laminated paper plastic, washable wallpaper, rolled synthetic coatings, etc.
2.10.1.19. The noise level at the workplace in all classrooms with VDT and PC should not exceed 50 dBA. (Sanitary norms for permissible noise in the premises of residential and public buildings and on the territory of residential development N 3077-84, clause 7.2).
2.10.2. Requirements for the premises of the ICT office
2.10.2.1. The office of informatics and computer technology (MWT) is organized as an educational unit of a secondary general education and vocational school, a training and production plant, equipped with a set of educational computer equipment (KUVT), teaching and visual aids, educational equipment, furniture, office equipment and devices for conducting theoretical and practical, classroom, extra-curricular activities in the course "Fundamentals of Informatics and Computer Engineering" (OIVT), both basic and specialized. In addition, KIVT can be used in teaching various subjects, labor training.
2.10.2.2. The area of the premises of the IWT office is determined in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory document "Educational and material base educational institution general secondary education" part I. "Norms and requirements for educational buildings and school plots", as well as SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
2.10.2.3. Placement of KIVT in all educational institutions in the basement and basement is not allowed.
2.10.2.4. The minimum area per one PC must be at least 6 sq.m., and the volume - at least 24.0 cubic meters. with a height of at least 4 m. With a lower height of the training room, it is recommended to increase the area by one workplace.
2.10. 2. 5. At the office of IWT, a laboratory area of at least 18 sq.m. should be organized. The laboratory room should have two exits: to the training room and to the landing or to recreation.
2.10.2.6. The area of the office should allow you to arrange furniture in it in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
2.10.2.7. The front wall of the KIVT is equipped with a blackboard for felt-tip pens, a screen, a cabinet for storing visual aids and information media.
2.10.2.8. At the entrance to the IWT office, built-in or wall-mounted cabinets (shelves) for briefcases should be provided.
2.10.2.9. To the left of the blackboard, in the teacher's working area, an electrical switchboard with a control panel for powering the workplaces of the teacher and students should be fixed on the wall.
2.10.2.10. Drawers for tables are installed under the board or separately under the stands. Holders (or a bar with holders) are attached to the upper edge of the board for hanging tables.
2.10.2.11. On the wall opposite the windows, exposition boards with permanent and temporary information are placed.
2.10.2.12. Along the back wall, it is possible to install a sectional cabinet for storing educational equipment and information carriers, depending on the area of the office.
2.10.2.13. The upper part of the back wall of the classroom should be designed to display the manuals necessary for studying individual topics of the program.
2.10.3. Requirements for a set of furniture in the classroom
2.10.3.1. The office and the laboratory room must be equipped with a certain set of specialized furniture that meets the requirements of GOST 22046-89, which has a certificate of conformity with technical documentation and a hygiene certificate.
The office should have furniture for:
organization of the teacher's workplace;
organization of workplaces for students;
for rational placement and storage of teaching aids;
to organize the use of equipment.
2.10.3.2. The laboratory room should have the following furniture: radio editing table, office desk; shelving for storage of tools and a safe.
2.10.3.3. Furniture for organizing a teacher's workplace should include a table with space for equipment (graphic projector) and a computer, a cabinet for a printer, a chair, and a blackboard.
2.10.3.4. Furniture for the organization of students' workplaces includes single student desks for a computer (GOST 11015-93) with chairs of different height groups No. 4,5,6) with color marking with lifting and swivel chairs.
2.10.3.5. Furniture for the rational placement and storage of educational equipment should consist of a combined cabinet in accordance with GOST 18666-95.
2.10.4. Requirements for the organization, jobs of teachers and students
2.10.4.1. Workplace the teacher is located on the podium and is equipped with a table equipped with equipment in accordance with the "Lists", two pedestals (for a printer and a graph projector), a blackboard, a screen and an electrical switchboard with a control panel. The teacher's table must be supplied with power to connect a PC, printer, graph projector.
2.10.4.2. Dimensions of the teacher's table: cover length - not less than 1300 mm, mm, width - not less than 700 mm.
2.10.4.3. The pedestals should have 1-2 drawers with dimensions of 350x500x100 mm for accessories, magnetic media and banners based on the current day of classes.
2.10.4.5. Students' workplaces equipped with personal computers (PCs) should consist of a single table and a lifting and swivel chair. Additionally, the computer science room is equipped with double student tables (GOST 11015-93) in accordance with the number of jobs for students when working on a PC or VDT. Student tables are located in the center and are designed for theoretical classes. Tables and chairs should be of different height groups with color indication.
4380
1460 to 1600
Red
640
420
1600 to 1750
Green
700
460
1750 to 1800
Blue
760
2.10.4.6. The modular dimensions of the working surface of the table for VDT and PC, on the basis of which the design dimensions should be calculated, should be considered: width - 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 mm, depth - 800 and 1000 mm with its unregulated height equal to 725 mm.
2.10.4.7. The student's desk must be connected to the power supply and cable local network. The table must be anchored to the floor.
2.10.4.8. The arrangement of workplaces for students in KIVT should provide free access for students and teachers during the lesson to the workplace.
2.10.4.9. To ensure the safety of students and teachers, electrical safety and the creation of constant levels of illumination during work, a perimeter arrangement of desktops with a PC is recommended (row arrangement of student tables with a PC or VDT is not recommended.
2.10.4.10. The following distances must be observed for the perimeter arrangement of workplaces:
a) by the width of the cabinet:
the distance between the wall with window openings and tables should be at least 0.8 m;
the distance between the wall opposite the window openings and the tables with a PC should be about 0.1 m, and in some cases, depending on the video monitors used, the tables can be installed directly against the wall;
b) along the length of the KIVT tables with a PC can be placed without a gap and with a distance between them.
2.10.4.11. When tables with PCs are arranged in rows, each table must have a protective screen on the back of the video monitor. The screen is attached to the table at a distance of 3-5 cm, its area should be sufficient to protect the power wires.
2.10.4.12. The number of jobs for students can be 9, 12, 15, depending on the class size.
2.10.5. Requirements for equipping the office with equipment and
fixtures.
2.10.5.1. The number of student PCs required to equip the ICT cabinet should be at the rate of one computer per student, taking into account the division of the class into two groups.
2.10.5.2. The IWT cabinet should include one machine for the teacher with appropriate peripheral equipment.
2.10.5.3. The IWT cabinet must be equipped with a graphic projector, a video recorder, a TV set (diagonal not less than 61 cm), a slide projector and a screen.
2.10.5.4. The demonstration TV is mounted 1.5 m from the floor on a bracket to the left of the blackboard.
2.10.5.5. The graphic projector should be located on a pedestal next to the teacher's desk.
2.10.5.6. When demonstrating filmstrips and transparencies (with a screen width of 1.2-1.4 m), the distance from the screen to the first tables of students (for theoretical classes) should be at least 2.7 m, and to the last tables no more than 8.6 m. The height of the lower edge of the screen above the podium is at least 0.8 m. The optimal viewing area for television programs and videos is located at a distance of at least 2.7 m from the TV screen to the first double tables of students (during theoretical classes).
2.10.6. Requirements for equipping the classroom with educational equipment and necessary documentation.
2.10.6.1. The composition of educational equipment in the office of the MVT is determined by the "List of computer equipment, educational equipment, basic and applied software for computer science classrooms, classes with VDT and PC in educational institutions of the general secondary education system."
2.10.6.2. The IT cabinet should be equipped with:
educational software for the course "Fundamentals of Informatics and Computer Engineering", both basic and specialized;
tasks for the implementation of an individual approach in training, organization independent work and exercises of students on computers;
a set of popular science, reference and methodological literature;
a magazine of introductory and periodic safety briefings for students (recommended);
a log of the use of a set of educational computer equipment at each workplace;
log of machine failure and repair;
holders for demonstrating tables and stands for exhibiting students' work;
an inventory book for accounting for the educational equipment available in the classroom, annual plans for the retrofitting of KIVT approved by the school principal;
pharmacy first aid;
fire extinguishing means.
2.10.6.3. In the IWT office there should be a card file of educational equipment indicating the storage locations.
2.10.7. Requirements for placement and storage of equipment
2.10.7.1. Educational equipment and aids should be placed and stored in a sectional cabinet located in the laboratory and having adjustable shelves and half-shelves, according to the sections of the program.
2.10.7.2. Demonstration aids and DIY equipment should be kept separate.
2.10.7.3. Discs with software should be stored in special small boxes, protected from dust and light, according to classes and sections of the program; the drawers are placed in the cabinet, and the places for storing disks in it are marked with inscriptions.
2.10.7.4. Tables should be stored in boxes under the blackboard or in special compartments according to sections of the program and classes, taking into account the dimensions.
2.10.7.5. Audiovisual aids should be stored on cabinet shelves, filmstrips and transparencies - in stacks with recesses for boxes. Cells and boxes must be labeled.
2.10.7.6. Reference, educational and methodical and popular scientific literature should be stored on the shelves of the cabinet.
2.10.8. Requirements for the interior design of the office of informatics and computer technology
2.10.8.1. The manuals necessary for the study of individual topics, sections of the course, should be exhibited on the wall of the office, opposite the blackboard.
2.10.8.2. For the exposition of books and materials, the cabinet should be equipped with removable stands.
2.10.8.3. On the wall opposite the windows, boards are placed with reference tables permanently located in the classroom, acquainting students with safety regulations, the main computer components and their functions.
2.10.8.4. On one of the walls, along with the stands, a table "Rules for the work of students on a PC and VDT" should be placed.
2.10.8.5. Different fonts can be used in the design of stands: printed and handwritten, Arabic and Gothic. Headings and subheadings should be in the same style.
abstract
Subject:"Arrangement of an informatics office"
Performed:
4th year student
group 611/z
Chebotaeva G.E.
Teacher:
Art. teacher
Sergeeva S.A.
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………3
Basic requirements for the office of informatics and ICT……………………...4
Requirements for the documentation of the cabinet of information and communication
technologies…………………………………………………………………………4
Cabinet of Informatics and Computer Engineering (ICT)…………………..5
Sanitary and hygienic requirements………………………………………..5
Requirements for the premises of the IWT office………………………………………6
Requirements for a set of furniture in the study room……………………….8
Requirements for the organization, jobs of teachers and students………..8
Requirements for equipping the cabinet with equipment and devices ...... 9
Requirements for placement and storage of equipment……………………....9
List of used literature ………………………………………..12
Introduction
The Informatics and ICT classroom is an educational and educational subdivision of an educational institution, which is a means of implementing the process of informatization of the education system, providing training for students for life in the conditions of the global information society, and raising the level of education.
The equipment of the classroom for classes in the subject "Informatics and ICT" and other general educational disciplines using IT includes: a class of computer equipment, projection equipment, a library fund (printed products), printed manuals, information and communication tools, educational and practical and educational laboratory equipment, models, natural objects, furniture.
Classes in the office of informatics and ICT should serve:
Formation of a modern information picture of the world among students;
Formation of skills in the use of information technology, as the main component professional activity in the modern information society;
Formation of knowledge about the structure and functioning of modern computer technology;
Formation and development of general educational skills and abilities;
Formation of a generalized method of educational, cognitive, communicative and practical activities;
Formation of the need for a continuous, independent and creative approach to mastering new knowledge;
The formation of key competencies - the readiness of students to use the acquired general knowledge, skills and abilities in real life to solve practical problems;
The formation of a creative personality, the development of students' theoretical thinking, memory, imagination;
The upbringing of the younger generation, aimed at the formation of sociability and tolerance among students.
In the office of informatics and ICT are held:
- classes in the subject "Informatics and ICT";
- classes in basic general education subjects using computer technology;
- experimental lessons and practical exercises;
- extracurricular activities;
- circle classes
- classes with employees of educational institutions on the use of IT.
The study load of the informatics and ICT classroom should be at least 36 hours per week.
Basic requirements for an informatics and ICT classroom
1. The presence in the office of informatics and ICT of regulatory documents regulating educational activities.
2. The staffing of the computer science and ICT classroom with educational equipment, an educational and methodological complex of teaching aids necessary for the implementation of the educational program of the school, telecommunications facilities (if there is an appropriate base).
3. Compliance of the educational and methodological complex and teaching aids with the requirements of the education standard and educational programs.
4. Provision of textbooks, didactic materials, electronic aids in accordance with educational program schools.
5. Availability of software systematized by subjects.
6. Compliance with aesthetic requirements for the design of room 5 of informatics and ICT: the presence of permanent and replaceable educational and information stands.
The poster material of the informatics and ICT cabinet should contain:
- State educational standard in the subject "Informatics and ICT" (goals of the subject being studied, the minimum required content of education and requirements for the level of compulsory training);
- recommendations for students on designing their learning activities (preparation for testing, exams, workshops, laboratory work and etc.);
- safety rules for work and behavior in the office of informatics and ICT;
- materials used in the educational process.
7. Compliance with safety regulations (a safety briefing logbook), fire safety, sanitary and hygienic standards in the computer science and ICT room (fire extinguishing equipment, first aid kit).
8. Compliance with security measures (local alarm, bars on windows, iron doors).
9. Availability of the schedule of work of the office of informatics and ICT for the mandatory program, optional classes, additional education program, individual lessons, consultations, etc.
2.10. Cabinet of Informatics and Computer Engineering (IVT)
2.10.1. Sanitary and hygienic requirements
2.10.1.1. The premises of the IWT cabinet must have natural and artificial lighting in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
2.10.1.2. The main stream of natural light should be on the left. The orientation of window openings should be north or northeast. It is not allowed to direct the main luminous flux of natural light behind and in front of the PC operating. With double-sided lighting at a depth of more than 6 m in the cabinet, a right-sided lighting device is required, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.
2.10.1.3. In the lighting installations of the IWT cabinet, a general lighting system should be used, made by ceiling or pendant fluorescent lamps, evenly spaced along the ceiling in rows in the form of solid lines on both sides of the desktop with a PC or VDT. Lamps, as well as window light apertures, should not be reflected on the screens of a PC or VDT.
2.10.1.4. The illumination of the surface of student tables under artificial lighting should be in the range of 300-500 lux. Luminaires must have light-scattering fittings.
2.10.1.6. For classrooms with PCs and VDTs, lamps of the LP036 series with high-frequency ballasts (VChPRA) should be used. It is possible to allow the use of luminaires without VChPRA in the "oblique light" modification.
2.10.1.7. In rooms with a PC, due to air pollution by anthropogenic organic substances and carbon dioxide, it is recommended to have supply and exhaust ventilation that provides optimal temperature and humidity conditions for all climatic zones.
Optimal parameters
Valid parameters
Temperature, C
Relative humidity, %
Temperature, C
Relative humidity, %
2.10.1.8. In the absence of supply and exhaust ventilation, air conditioning can be arranged using household air conditioners.
Calculation of air conditioners should be carried out by a ventilation engineer depending on their performance, the amount of heat surplus from cars, people, solar radiation and artificial lighting sources.
2.10.1.9. The IWT office should be equipped with a washbasin with hot and cold water supply.
2.10.1.10. The power supply of the cabinet must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 28139-89 and PUE.
2.10.1.11. The supply of electrical voltage to the tables of students and teachers must be stationary and hidden.
2.10.1.12. The location of the electrical panel and the Residual Current Device should give the teacher the ability to instantly turn off the power supply system. Recommended placement is to the left or right of the chalkboard.
2.10.1.13. To ensure fire safety, the office of the MBT must be equipped with 2 carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (type OU-2).
2.10.1.14. For painting walls and panels, light colors of paints should be used (p = 0.5-0.6). The composition of the paints must exclude the occurrence of lime dust.
2.10.1.15. The surfaces of the enclosing structures of the cabinet, blackboard, desktops should be matte.
2.10.1.16. The surface of the floor must be smooth, without potholes, non-slip, easy to clean and wet cleaning, and have antistatic properties.
2.10.1.17. The content of harmful chemicals in indoor air using video display terminals (VDTs) and personal electronic computers (PCs) should not exceed the average daily concentrations for atmospheric air.
2.10.1.18. For interior decoration of premises with PCs and VDTs, it is not allowed to use synthetic materials that release harmful chemicals and compounds into the air. These include chipboard, laminated paper plastic, washable wallpaper, rolled synthetic coatings, etc.
2.10.1.19. The noise level at the workplace in all classrooms with VDT and PC should not exceed 50 dBA. (Sanitary norms for permissible noise in the premises of residential and public buildings and on the territory of residential development N 3077-84, clause 7.2).
2.10.2. Requirements for the premises of the ICT office
2.10.2.1. The office of informatics and computer technology (MWT) is organized as an educational unit of a secondary general education and vocational school, a training and production plant, equipped with a set of educational computer equipment (KUVT), teaching and visual aids, educational equipment, furniture, office equipment and devices for conducting theoretical and practical, classroom, extra-curricular activities in the course "Fundamentals of Informatics and Computer Engineering" (OIVT), both basic and specialized. In addition, KIVT can be used in teaching various subjects, labor training.
2.10.2.2. The area of the premises of the IWT office is determined in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory document "Educational and material base of an educational institution of general secondary education" part I. "Norms and requirements for educational buildings and school plots", as well as SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
2.10.2.3. Placement of KIVT in all educational institutions in the basement and basement is not allowed.
2.10.2.4. The minimum area per one PC must be at least 6 sq.m., and the volume - at least 24.0 cubic meters. with a height of at least 4 m. With a lower height of the training room, it is recommended to increase the area by one workplace.
2.10. 2. 5. At the office of IWT, a laboratory area of at least 18 sq.m. should be organized. The laboratory room should have two exits: to the training room and to the landing or to recreation.
2.10.2.6. The area of the office should allow you to arrange furniture in it in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
2.10.2.7. The front wall of the KIVT is equipped with a blackboard for felt-tip pens, a screen, a cabinet for storing visual aids and information media.
2.10.2.8. At the entrance to the IWT office, built-in or wall-mounted cabinets (shelves) for briefcases should be provided.
2.10.2.9. To the left of the blackboard, in the teacher's working area, an electrical switchboard with a control panel for powering the workplaces of the teacher and students should be fixed on the wall.
2.10.2.10. Drawers for tables are installed under the board or separately under the stands. Holders (or a bar with holders) are attached to the upper edge of the board for hanging tables.
2.10.2.11. On the wall opposite the windows, exposition boards with permanent and temporary information are placed.
2.10.2.12. Along the back wall, it is possible to install a sectional cabinet for storing educational equipment and information carriers, depending on the area of the office.
2.10.2.13. The upper part of the back wall of the classroom should be designed to display the manuals necessary for studying individual topics of the program.
2.10.3. Requirements for a set of furniture in the classroom
2.10.3.1. The office and the laboratory room must be equipped with a certain set of specialized furniture that meets the requirements of GOST 22046-89, which has a certificate of conformity with technical documentation and a hygiene certificate.
The office should have furniture for:
Organization of the teacher's workplace;
Organization of workplaces for students;
For rational placement and storage of teaching aids;
To organize the use of equipment.
2.10.3.2. The laboratory room should have the following furniture: radio editing table, office desk; shelving for storage of tools and a safe.
2.10.3.3. Furniture for organizing a teacher's workplace should include a table with space for equipment (graphic projector) and a computer, a cabinet for a printer, a chair, and a blackboard.
2.10.3.4. Furniture for the organization of students' workplaces includes single student desks for a computer (GOST 11015-93) with chairs of different height groups No. 4,5,6) with color marking with lifting and swivel chairs.
2.10.3.5. Furniture for the rational placement and storage of educational equipment should consist of a combined cabinet in accordance with GOST 18666-95.
2.10.4. Requirements for the organization, jobs of teachers and students
2.10.4.1. The teacher's workplace is located on the podium and is equipped with a table equipped with equipment in accordance with the Lists, two cabinets (for a printer and a graph projector), a blackboard, a screen and an electrical switchboard with a control panel. The teacher's table must be supplied with power to connect a PC, printer, graph projector.
2.10.4.2. Dimensions of the teacher's table: cover length - not less than 1300 mm, mm, width - not less than 700 mm.
2.10.4.3. The pedestals should have 1-2 drawers with dimensions of 350x500x100 mm for accessories, magnetic media and banners based on the current day of classes.
2.10.4.5. Students' workplaces equipped with personal computers (PCs) should consist of a single table and a lifting and swivel chair.
Additionally, the computer science room is equipped with double student tables (GOST 11015-93) in accordance with the number of jobs for students when working on a PC or VDT. Student tables are located in the center and are designed for theoretical classes. Tables and chairs should be of different height groups with color indication.
Furniture group
Chair seat front edge height, mm
Growth group, mm
Marking color
Table height, mm
2.10.4.6. The modular dimensions of the working surface of the table for VDT and PC, on the basis of which the design dimensions should be calculated, should be considered: width - 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 mm, depth - 800 and 1000 mm with its unregulated height equal to 725 mm.
2.10.4.7. The student's desk must be connected to the power supply and the LAN cable. The table must be anchored to the floor.
2.10.4.8. The arrangement of workplaces for students in KIVT should provide free access for students and teachers during the lesson to the workplace.
2.10.4.9. To ensure the safety of students and teachers, electrical safety and the creation of constant levels of illumination during work, a perimeter arrangement of desktops with a PC is recommended (row arrangement of student tables with a PC or VDT is not recommended.
2.10.4.10. The following distances must be observed for the perimeter arrangement of workplaces:
a) by the width of the cabinet:
The distance between the wall with window openings and tables should be at least 0.8 m;
The distance between the wall opposite the window openings and the tables with a PC should be about 0.1 m, and in some cases, depending on the video monitors used, the tables can be installed directly against the wall;
b) along the length of the KIVT tables with a PC can be placed without a gap and with a distance between them.
2.10.4.11. When tables with PCs are arranged in rows, each table must have a protective screen on the back of the video monitor. The screen is attached to the table at a distance of 3-5 cm, its area should be sufficient to protect the power wires.
2.10.4.12. The number of jobs for students can be 9, 12, 15, depending on the class size.
2.10.5. Requirements for equipping the office with equipment and
fixtures.
2.10.5.1. The number of student PCs required to equip the ICT cabinet should be at the rate of one computer per student, taking into account the division of the class into two groups.
2.10.5.2. The IWT cabinet should include one machine for the teacher with appropriate peripheral equipment.
2.10.5.3. The IWT cabinet must be equipped with a graphic projector, a video recorder, a TV set (diagonal not less than 61 cm), a slide projector and a screen.
2.10.5.4. The demonstration TV is mounted 1.5 m from the floor on a bracket to the left of the blackboard.
2.10.5.5. The graphic projector should be located on a pedestal next to the teacher's desk.
2.10.5.6. When demonstrating filmstrips and transparencies (with a screen width of 1.2-1.4 m), the distance from the screen to the first tables of students (for theoretical classes) should be at least 2.7 m, and to the last tables no more than 8.6 m.
The height of the lower edge of the screen above the podium is at least 0.8 m.
The optimal zone for watching TV shows and videos is located at a distance of at least 2.7 m from the TV screen to the first double tables of students (during theoretical classes).
2.10.6. Requirements for equipping the classroom with educational equipment and necessary documentation.
2.10.6.1. The composition of educational equipment in the office of the MVT is determined by the "List of computer equipment, educational equipment, basic and applied software for computer science classrooms, classes with VDT and PC in educational institutions of the general secondary education system."
2.10.6.2. The IT cabinet should be equipped with:
Educational software for the course "Fundamentals of Informatics and Computer Engineering", both basic and specialized;
Tasks for the implementation of an individual approach to teaching, organization of independent work and exercises for students on computers;
A set of popular science, reference and methodological literature;
Journal of introductory and periodic safety briefings for students (recommended);
Journal of the use of a set of educational computer equipment at each workplace;
Journal of machine failure and repair;
Holders for demonstrating tables and stands for exhibiting students' work;
An inventory book for accounting for the educational equipment available in the classroom, annual plans for the retrofitting of KIVT approved by the school principal;
pharmacy first aid;
Fire extinguishing equipment.
2.10.6.3. In the IWT office there should be a card file of educational equipment indicating the storage locations.
2.10.7. Requirements for placement and storage of equipment
2.10.7.1. Educational equipment and aids should be placed and stored in a sectional cabinet located in the laboratory and having adjustable shelves and half-shelves, according to the sections of the program.
2.10.7.2. Demonstration aids and DIY equipment should be kept separate.
2.10.7.3. Discs with software should be stored in special small boxes, protected from dust and light, according to classes and sections of the program; the drawers are placed in the cabinet, and the places for storing disks in it are marked with inscriptions.
2.10.7.4. Tables should be stored in boxes under the blackboard or in special compartments according to sections of the program and classes, taking into account the dimensions.
2.10.7.5. Audiovisual aids should be stored on cabinet shelves, filmstrips and transparencies - in stacks with recesses for boxes. Cells and boxes must be labeled.
2.10.7.6. Reference, educational and methodical and popular scientific literature should be stored on the shelves of the cabinet.
2.10.8. Requirements for the interior design of the office of informatics and computer technology
2.10.8.1. The manuals necessary for the study of individual topics, sections of the course, should be exhibited on the wall of the office, opposite the blackboard.
2.10.8.2. For the exposition of books and materials, the cabinet should be equipped with removable stands.
2.10.8.3. On the wall opposite the windows, boards are placed with reference tables permanently located in the classroom, acquainting students with safety regulations, the main computer components and their functions.
2.10.8.4. On one of the walls, along with the stands, a table "Rules for the work of students on a PC and VDT" should be placed.
2.10.8.5. Different fonts can be used in the design of stands: printed and handwritten, Arabic and Gothic. Headings and subheadings should be in the same style.
The microclimate has a great influence on the well-being and performance of a person. industrial premises, which is determined by air temperature, its composition and pressure, relative humidity, and flow velocity. In accordance with GOST 12.1.005-76 and SNiP II-4-79, the following sanitary and hygienic requirements /16/ should be observed.
Small deviations in the content of gases that make up atmospheric air (nitrogen - 78.08%, oxygen - 20.95%, carbon dioxide-0.03%, argon and other gases -0.94%), and first of all, a decrease in the concentration of oxygen and an increase in the content of carbon dioxide, reduce performance, and with significant deviations from the norm, the atmosphere becomes dangerous for human life.
The well-being of a worker largely depends on the ambient temperature (over 20C), a person quickly gets tired, his ability to work decreases, the body relaxes, sweating increases.
In this regard, sanitary standards establish the permissible temperature of industrial premises (below 13C), classrooms, offices, laboratories, educational institutions (16-20 C), gyms, lobbies, corridors (14-16 C).
The humidity of the air also affects the well-being of a person. According to sanitary standards, the permissible humidity in classrooms should be 40-60%, in the warm season, an increase of up to 75% is possible.
It is important for the well-being of a person the movement of the surrounding air. This parameter is also defined by sanitary standards. The average speed of air movement in educational institutions should be 0.2-0.5 m/s in the cold and transitional seasons and 0.5-1.5 m/s in the warm season.
To maintain in training and production and auxiliary premises normal, responsible hygiene requirements air composition, removal of harmful gases, vapors and dust from them use ventilation.
Ventilation is the controlled air exchange in the room. Ventilation is also called devices that create. In the absence of additional hazards, the air exchange rate is 20 m3 / h per person.
The office and workshops, regardless of the presence of ventilation devices, must have opening transoms or other devices for ventilation controlled from the floor in the window openings. The opening area of transoms or vents must be at least 1/50 of the floor area to ensure three air exchanges per hour.
Based on the experience of computer technology classrooms, its area can be determined from the condition of 4.5-5 m2 per 1 student, optimum temperature 17-21 C, humidity 40-60%. Due to the operation of machines, cabinets are characterized by an increase in heat generation, so it is necessary to provide for forced ventilation of the cabinets.
Good lighting of workplaces is one of the most important requirements of labor protection.
With insufficient lighting, visual perception decreases, myopia develops, eye diseases and headaches appear. Due to the constant strain of vision, visual fatigue occurs.
Normal illumination is of great importance for educational institutions, where about 90% of all information received is perceived with the help of vision. Usually three types of lighting are used: natural, artificial and mixed.
In educational institutions, desks and tables are placed so that the light falls on the left side of the students.
Emergency lighting fixtures are connected to the mains: independent of the working lighting network.
To increase illumination due to the reflected light of the wall? Ceilings? The floors are painted in light colors: ceilings in White color, the upper parts of the walls - in gray, blue, the lower ones are brown, gray, blue, dark green; blackboards - in brown or dark green, desk and table tops - in green, light green, bases of tables and chairs - in light colors.
One of the factors affecting labor safety is the rational coloring of the premises and equipment. Properly selected colors have a positive effect on the psyche of workers, reduce their visual and general fatigue.
When working with computer technology, it is important to observe favorable conditions for lighting. Bright light makes it difficult to read the indicators from the display, so on sunny days you should close the windows with light, light-colored curtains. To avoid reflections on the screen of surrounding objects, displays installed in the classroom should have some slope (10-15 0) towards the student or side shields and a small visor. In the evening, at dusk, it is recommended to illuminate the classroom with overhead light (150-300 lux).
The premises of the IWT cabinet must have natural and artificial lighting in accordance with SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
The main stream of natural light should be on the left. The orientation of window openings should be north or northeast. It is not allowed to direct the main luminous flux of natural light behind and in front of the PC operating. With double-sided lighting at a depth of more than 6 m in the cabinet, a right-sided lighting device is required, the height of which must be at least 2.2 m from the floor.
In the lighting installations of the IWT cabinet, a general lighting system should be used, made by ceiling or pendant fluorescent lamps, evenly spaced along the ceiling in rows in the form of solid lines on both sides of the desktop with a PC or VDT. Lamps, as well as window light apertures, should not be reflected on the screens of a PC or VDT.
The illumination of the surface of student tables under artificial lighting should be in the range of 300-500 lux. Luminaires must have light-scattering fittings.
For classrooms with PCs and VDTs, lamps of the LP036 series with high-frequency start-controlled devices (VCHPRA) should be used. It is possible to allow the use of luminaires without VChPRA in the "oblique light" modification.
In rooms with a PC, due to air pollution by anthropogenic organic substances and carbon dioxide, it is recommended to have supply and exhaust ventilation that provides optimal temperature and humidity conditions for all climatic zones.
In the absence of supply and exhaust ventilation, air conditioning can be arranged using household air conditioners.
Calculation of air conditioners should be carried out by a ventilation engineer depending on their performance, the amount of excess heat from cars, people, solar radiation and artificial lighting sources.
The IWT office should be equipped with a washbasin with hot and cold water supply.
The power supply of the cabinet must be carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 28139-89 and PUE.
The supply of electrical voltage to the tables of students and teachers must be stationary and hidden.
The location of the electrical panel and the Residual Current Device should give the teacher the ability to instantly turn off the power supply system. Recommended placement is to the left or right of the chalkboard.
To ensure fire safety, the office of the MBT must be equipped with 2 carbon dioxide fire extinguishers (type OU-2).
For painting walls and panels, light colors of paints should be used (p = 0.5-0.6). The composition of the paints must exclude the occurrence of lime dust.
The surfaces of the enclosing structures of the cabinet, blackboard, desktops should be matte.
The surface of the floor must be smooth, without potholes, non-slip, easy to clean and wet cleaning, and have antistatic properties.
For interior decoration of premises with PCs and VDTs, it is not allowed to use synthetic materials that release harmful chemicals and compounds into the air. These include chipboard, laminated paper plastic, washable wallpaper, rolled synthetic coatings, etc.
The noise level at the workplace in all classrooms with VDT and PC should not exceed 50 dBA. (Sanitary norms for permissible noise in the premises of residential and public buildings and on the territory of residential development N 3077-84, clause 7.2).
Requirements for the premises of the ICT office
The office of informatics and computer technology (MWT) is organized as an educational unit of a secondary general education and vocational school, a training and production plant, equipped with a set of educational computer equipment (KUVT), teaching and visual aids, educational equipment, furniture, office equipment and devices for conducting theoretical and practical, classroom, extra-curricular activities in the course "Fundamentals of Informatics and Computer Engineering" (OIVT), both basic and specialized. In addition, KIVT can be used in teaching various subjects, labor training.
The area of the premises of the IWT office is determined in accordance with the requirements of the regulatory document "Educational and material base of an educational institution of general secondary education" part I. "Norms and requirements for educational buildings and school plots", as well as SanPiN 2.2.2.542-96.
Placement of KIVT in all educational institutions in the basement and basement is not allowed.
The minimum area per one PC must be at least 6 square meters. m., and the volume - not less than 24.0 cubic meters. m. with a height of at least 4 m. With a lower height of the training room, it is recommended to increase the area by one workplace.
At the office of IWT, a laboratory area of at least 18 square meters should be organized. m. The laboratory room should have two exits: to the training room and to the landing or to recreation.
The area of the office should allow you to arrange furniture in it in compliance with sanitary and hygienic standards.
The front wall of the KIVT is equipped with a blackboard for felt-tip pens, a screen, a cabinet for storing visual aids and information media.
At the entrance to the IWT office, built-in or wall-mounted cabinets (shelves) for briefcases should be provided.
To the left of the blackboard, in the teacher's working area, an electrical switchboard with a control panel for powering the workplaces of the teacher and students should be fixed on the wall.
Drawers for tables are installed under the board or separately under the stands. Holders (or a bar with holders) are attached to the upper edge of the board for hanging tables.
On the wall opposite the windows, exposition boards with permanent and temporary information are placed.
Along the back wall, it is possible to install a sectional cabinet for storing educational equipment and information carriers, depending on the area of the office.
The upper part of the back wall of the classroom should be designed to display the manuals necessary for studying individual topics of the program.
