A native of the tropical jungle blooms not so often. However, not even blooming, it will decorate any room with its wide glossy leaves. For the size of the leaves, he received the nickname "room burdock"! Eucharis feels great at home, he does not need so much for development.

Family: amaryllis. Bloom: often. Growing: medium.

Eucharis - Amazonian lily (photo)

it bulbous plant was first seen in the humid forests of South and Central America. The flower "hides" under the shade of large trees, lives on the slopes of mountains and near water bodies. Most often, tropical burdock can be found in the mountains of Colombia and in the Western Amazon. This is probably why the second name of the plant is the Amazonian lily (not to be confused with garden lily).

This "Amazon" visited Europe only in the 19th century, first appearing in England, and quickly gained popularity in indoor and decorative floriculture. After all, not only flowers are beautiful, but also the leaves of the plant! Large up to 55 cm long and 20 cm wide, smooth, they look very exotic.

Flowering occurs most often in winter and early spring, but in room culture the flowering period depends on the specific conditions, so blooming eucharis can be seen at any time of the year. The peduncle, about 50 cm long, develops very quickly: within 2 weeks after its appearance, flowers collected in inflorescences - umbrellas, usually 6-7 pieces, begin to open.

Bulbs do not like loneliness, multiply rapidly and grow in groups, making up a beautiful lush bush. One bulb is able to have from two to four leaves at the same time. Up to 20 species of eucharis are found in nature, but they can only be distinguished from each other during flowering. The most popular species is large-flowered eucharis.

Outwardly, the flowers resemble daffodils. have an amazing, unlike anything aroma, and their hue varies from pure white to greenish and yellow. Even at home, euharis is not picky about care! They decorate offices, apartments, and are also used in landscape design, but only in the southern regions. After all, the plant is thermophilic and not winter-hardy!

Do you know?

The beauty lily is poisonous, its leaves contain an alkaloid that provokes nausea. However, no one is going to eat it!

Care rules

If the euharis flower is provided with suitable conditions, it is able to please its owner with an annual flowering. How to find a common language with a tropical plant? Eucharis flower home care, cultivation features.

Temperature and lighting

Tropical burdock is accustomed to the shade, because in the forests where it grows, there are no direct sunlight. However, you should not deprive him of the sun at all! Without it, the leaves turn pale and lose their decorative effect. For normal growth, it is enough to place the pot near the southeast or southwest windows. During a period of sun deficiency, you can make up for its lack of artificial lighting. How to create a backlight for flowers in winter.

By the way, unlike hibiscus. for the summer period, this representative of the flowering room flora is best left in the room. After all, fluctuations in daily temperatures can destroy the plant! The optimum temperature is 18-25 degrees, it should be constant.

Watering and humidity

The Amazon Lily belongs to the Amaryllis family and its bulbs are sensitive to temperature and soil moisture. Do not allow stagnant water, this will inevitably lead to decay! Therefore, watering should be plentiful, but not frequent, only after the soil dries out. If the soil is wet to a depth of 3 cm, it is better to postpone watering! 8 rules for watering.

Euharis is not picky about care , but will be grateful for the regular rubbing of the leaves with a damp cloth. Their wide surface quickly accumulates dust, which prevents the plant from "breathing"! Spraying is not among the mandatory procedures, but it will only benefit, because the lily comes from tropical forests, where the air is humid. Foliar dressing - what is it?

Important!

Water should not be poured into the center where the leaves grow from, it is better to evenly distribute it along the wall of the pot. So you will reduce the risk of waterlogging the bulbs to zero!

new eucharis leaf

Fertilizers and top dressings

Nutritious top dressing is necessary for the plant during flowering and growth. You can use universal fertilizers for indoor flowers (preferably for bulbous plants). All about mineral fertilizers.

Reproduction and transplant

Even if the lily has already filled the pot, wait a bit with the transplant! Indeed, in a wide dish, flowering may not take place at all. In addition, she does not like it when the roots are disturbed! Change the pot only when the bulbs are really crowded. However, even in this case, the next pot should be only a couple of centimeters wider than the previous one in diameter. By the way, when choosing a pot, give preference to wide and spacious dishes. How to choose a flower pot?

eucharis bulbs

Like all bulbous crops, eucharis reproduces by dividing the bulbs. But, keep in mind that in a single planting, the Amazonian lily blooms reluctantly! In this case, it will take about 3 years to wait for flowering until the plant produces daughter bulbs. The substrate must be rich and nutritious. Garden soil and sand in a ratio of 2: 1 can be diluted with humus. When planting, straighten the roots of the bulbs, as shown in the photo, so that they occupy the area of ​​the pot. Be sure to pour expanded clay on the bottom and make sure there are holes! How to buy the right soil?

eucharis transplant

Attention: rest period!

At proper care for eucharis during the dormant period, it can delight with flowers up to two times a year - in early spring and late autumn! The growth of the bulbs usually occurs more actively from the middle of winter, fresh leaves begin to appear from these bulbs in the spring, and the flower arrow can form as early as March.

The dormant period lasts two months, it precedes spring awakening. From October-November, watering is gradually reduced, maintaining the relative humidity of the soil. By January, watering is minimized, wetting the soil as it dries completely, maintaining an ambient temperature of about 15 degrees. Under such conditions, eucharis hibernates, and with the advent of spring, watering is gradually increased, when a flower arrow appears, the first top dressing is performed.

Should I cut off the faded arrow? At your discretion! But, so that the flower does not waste energy on the formation of seeds, it is better to cut it off when the arrow begins to turn yellow.

eucharis flowers

amazon lily

Growing problems?

In the care of the Amazonian lily, it must be borne in mind that sudden changes in conditions make the plant sick. Therefore, try not to stress him too much!

The death of the lower old leaves is a regularity for an actively growing eucharis (if it grows new ones). Most probable cause mass yellowing is waterlogging of the soil. In this case, the leaves quickly wither, turn brown at the edges and die!

If the process develops rapidly, carefully remove the top layer of the earth and check the bulbs: if they are soft, damp, uneven in color, then there is a rotting process. Even in this case, the plant can still be saved! Cut off the damaged segments with a sharp knife, sprinkle the cuts with activated charcoal, let dry on a newspaper in a ventilated area and place back into the ground after drying it.

But sometimes yellowing of old leaves can portend an early flowering. So, with a deficiency of nutrients in the soil, eucharis gets rid of old foliage, directing all its forces to the formation of a peduncle. Carefully dig and check the bulbs: if they are firm and healthy, then the plant is normal. You just need to place it in a warmer and brighter place and be sure to feed it. Perhaps soon a new leaf will appear from the center of the leaf rosette, and even a flower arrow!

If the leaves take their former shape after watering, then the lack of water is to blame. In addition, hypothermia is a provoking factor: a drop in temperature, or watering with cold water. In order for the burdock to come to its senses, the soil must warm up.

This is the most common problem for beginner growers. First of all, do not rush to transplant the plant! The formation of daughter bulbs is an excellent prerequisite for flowering. It is preceded by a dormant period (see above), there must be enough light for the appearance of peduncles. The eucharis flower at home can be stimulated with the Pollen or Bud preparations, but very carefully, with minimal concentrations, after wetting the soil with water for irrigation.

Sometimes you can observe the folding of leaves: this is how eucharis protects itself from dry air, preventing moisture from evaporating. Wipe the leaves more often with a damp cloth, ridding them of dust and increasing humidity!

Was the new sheet deformed? Perhaps in the process of deployment, he received mechanical damage. If all leaves are deformed, inspect their inner side for pests. The reason may also be an excess of fertilizer, or hypothermia. Burdock reacts vividly to changing conditions of detention!

Such metamorphoses are observed more often in winter, during a shortage of sunlight. The plant simply does not have enough reserves to support the growth of new leaves and the preservation of old ones! Provide the flower with stable lighting, water as the coma dries out, do not overdry or overmoisten the ground. Try top dressing with organic fertilizers in the minimum concentration, or fertilizers for bulbous crops.

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wita Connoisseur (284) 5 years ago

Yes, it is a primrose, it blooms once a year. Preferably outdoors, as after flowering the foliage disappears, and reappears the following year. Winters normally

? M@rin@ ? Genius (82192) 5 years ago

Which in the photo does not hibernate on the street.

wita Connoisseur (284) Primula winters all over, and feels great. If you stop, then cover it with lutrasil for the winter. I have been studying for a very long time and I do not hearsay. If the store told you, then it's not true. everyone needs to sell. And you hold her at home for a couple of months and see what happens

Valentina Belozerova Master (2009) 5 years ago

Apostle Peter - guardian of paradise,

I was on patrol, playing the key,

From heaven's golden gates

Tired of day cares

I accidentally dropped my key...

The key flew among the stars ...

And hit us on the ground ...

God forgave Paul's mistake...

He returned the keys to his native chamber,

But our God would not be the creator,

Whenever at the landing site,

He did not create the key of creation ...

He raised a beautiful flower...

And "heavenly" * wisely dubbed.

* An interesting legend about the origin of primrose has come down to us from the Middle Ages.

Being on guard at the gates of paradise, the apostle Peter dropped a bunch of keys to the kingdom of heaven. Falling from star to star, the keys flew to our land. Falling to the ground, a bunch of keys entered deeply into it, and a yellow flower grew out of the ground, similar to the keys of the apostle. Although the angel, sent after the keys, returned them to the Apostle Peter, every year in the spring flowers grow from their imprints, opening with their flowering the arrival of warmth and spring.

Olga Evenenko Thinker (6432) 5 years ago

Primula-100%, my daughter gave me on March 8, it’s still blooming, I’m going to plant it in the ground in the country in May, because it’s a street flower.

Inna Samoilova (Voronkova) Artificial Intelligence (113467) 5 years ago

Under this description, the epistle also fits

alina ulubekova Connoisseur (254) 3 weeks ago

Hovea or Kentia - tall slender indoor palm looks great in spacious bright rooms as a single solo plant or in combination with other large plants. howea palm in room conditions can grow to a height of 2.5 meters, its trunk is short, and graceful arcuate-curved pinnate leaves (fronds) can be 1.5-2 meters long.

Hovea palm ( howea) grows naturally in Australia on Lord Howe Island. Under natural conditions, a palm tree can grow to a height of more than 10 meters, it has a thin trunk, thickened at the base and leaves up to 4 meters long, ring-shaped traces of leaves are clearly visible on the trunk. In total, the Hovea genus includes two types of palm trees.

Bluebells - charming flowers. they are often grown in flower beds, in containers, and some species are suitable for growing in pots as houseplants. Bell flowers got their name from the bell-shaped corolla, in Latin the name of these plants is Campanula (Campanula).

The genus Bellflower (Campanula) includes up to 300 species of perennial and annual plants, which are ubiquitous in nature.

Bluebells are unpretentious, profusely flowering plants that are very easy to care for. Bluebells are very diverse not only in the shape and color of flowers, but also in the form of plant growth. They are low (up to 15-20 cm) and high (up to 1 meter) with erect strong stems, and ampelous forms with creeping and hanging shoots are great for growing in hanging baskets.

Diplatia - indoor ornamental flowering plant from the tropics, blooms very beautifully with large funnel-shaped flowers of bright color. Diploidia in nature grows like a liana, on curly stems growing up to 5 meters long, covered with shiny green leaves, bloom bright flowers all summer. Funnel-shaped flowers, with 5 petals, reach 8 cm in diameter, depending on the type and variety, they are white, orange, pink and red, plain or with a yellow throat.

Beloperone - indoor plant. which adds to the list of the most unpretentious and flowering plants. Many flower growers call Beloperone "room hops", as its bracts form similarly shaped cones like those of hops. Well, to others, unusual bright orange spike-shaped inflorescences are more reminiscent of shrimp tails, because of the color and slightly curved shape.

Beloperone grows in nature in the warm tropics of South America. This evergreen subshrub blooms profusely almost all year round.

Rod Beloperone ( Beloperone) has about 30 species of evergreen shrubs. As a houseplant, mainly one species is grown - Beloperone drip ( Beloperone guttata). This is a small semi-shrub, reaching a height of 50-80 cm.

Eucharis widespread indoor plant with decorative leaves and graceful flowers. Eucharis is often referred to as the "Amazon lily" because this plant is native to the Amazon Basin in South Africa. But you can call this plant "Amazonian daffodil", because the flowers of eucharis are very similar to the flowers of narcissus.

Genus Eucharis(Eucharis) from the Amarylis family has about 20 species of bulbous plants. AT indoor floriculture large-flowered eucharis (E. grandiflora) has become widespread. This heat-loving plant in open ground can be grown only in southern countries.

Pachira now fashionable ornamental plant with an interesting trunk shape and a lush crown of large palmate leaves. Pakhira belongs to the so-called "bottle" trees, as it has the ability to accumulate moisture in the lower part of the stem, which causes the trunk of the tree to swell in the lower part. Thanks to this property, the plant can tolerate short-term drought without damage.

Saintpaulia. Violets uzambarsky (Saintpaulia)

These plants, which are called indoor violets”, actually only have flowers similar to violet flowers growing in the forest or in the garden. Actually a plant room violet originally from East Africa and is called saintpaulia or otherwise uzambar violet.

In Europe uzambara violet appeared in the 19th century. In the homeland of saintpaulia, uzambara violets. this perennial herbaceous plant grows up to 30 cm and has two dozen species. In indoor floriculture saintpaulia love for small size and long (up to 10 months a year) flowering.

The violet plant has oval (sometimes slightly elongated leaves). The edges of the leaves are smooth or with notches, collected in a basal rosette. The color of the leaves can be dark or light green. The flowers are simple or double from 2 to 4 cm in diameter, have a color from purple, blue, red to pure white.

There are varieties with non-uniformly colored flowers. root system Saintpaulia superficial. This should be taken into account when choosing pots for indoor violets - they should not be large and it is better to choose pots that are flat and not high.

Types of Saintpaulia

Thanks to the efforts of collectors, there are now more than 1500 types of saintpaulia, all of them are hybrids that are obtained from crossing violet saintpaulia (S.IONANTHA) and mistaken saintpaulia (S.CONFUSA).

At present, standard forms of violets with a rosette size of 15-30 cm are known. Large forms, in which rosettes grow up to 40 cm in diameter, and miniature forms with a rosette size of less than 15 cm. Flowers of a wide variety of shapes and colors. There are also ampelous species, in which new rosettes form at the ends of the stems.

Due to this diversity, the Saintpaulia variety can be difficult to identify, so we refer you to the book of Dr. D.G. Hession "All about indoor plants". This book lists many varieties of Saintpaulia.

Violet. Care

Growing violets (saintpaulia) requires some effort, if you want the saintpaulia to bloom profusely and for a long time, you must adhere to the following rules:

What is this plant/flower? How to care?

This plant is called stemless or common primrose, refers to perennial plants that are not intended for growing indoors (only for a short time), but grown in open ground. This species has many varieties and big variety colors. a distinctive feature - single flowers on a short stem. There are terry varieties.

It blooms very early in spring, abundantly, forming many flowers. There are many varieties on sale, but not all varieties are resistant to transplanting into the garden, but only those that are close to the natural form, the least resistant - varieties with blue flowers, they often do not withstand overwintering.

It is best to plant and transplant in early spring, but it is possible at the end of summer.

Plants develop better in light shade on loamy soils, do not tolerate excessive moisture or dry soil. From time to time they are divided, in the summer they need regular watering, weeding, rare podkomki. Plants are resistant.

the system selected this answer as the best

The photo shows home plant- Violet. This is the most common indoor plant. Violet is not difficult to recognize, the corolla of flowers is noticeably irregular, two-symmetrical. It consists of five separate petals, with the lowest one being larger than all the others. All types of violets have this flower structure. However, only a few violets smell. In most species, the flowers are completely odorless. Its popularity among flower growers is due to many reasons.

This beautiful plant pleases with a variety of colors and shapes. In addition, the violet is unpretentious and, with proper care, grows and reproduces well. But, nevertheless, you need to know some subtleties, thanks to which you can grow this magnificent flower like a room violet.

Care and reproduction, the subtleties of growing - even a novice grower will be able to figure out these issues, and violet will delight him with his flowers almost all year round.

Narcissus

Bulbous perennials with linear ground leaves and flowers located on the tops of leafless peduncles, solitary or collected in inflorescences of 2-10 pieces. Perianths consist of cylindrical tubes and six recurved lobes. Flowering in late spring. Light, semi-shade. Rich soils. Reproduction by daughter bulbs and seeds. Sowing in autumn.

General information about narcissus

daffodil (narcissus), family Amaryllidaceae.

Place of origin. Grasslands, mountain slopes, river valleys, forests. South and Central Europe, North Africa, Asia Minor.

Usage. beautifully flowering, bulbous, potted.

plant size. 20 cm high.

Growth. fast.

Bloom. December - April.

For full-fledged flowering, tatsets need a rather dry and only slightly cool dormant period, which depends primarily on watering. When planted in autumn in open ground at the usual time, they manage to go through a dormant period in October and begin to grow intensively just before the first cold weather. That is why tatsets are completely unsuitable for the garden, the only way to grow them is indoor conditions.

Varieties of narcissus

Narcissus angustifolius (Narcissus angustifolius)

Mountain meadows of the Mediterranean and broadly forested deciduous regions in the Alps from Provence to Lower Austria, in the French and Swiss Jura, the Carpathians, the mountains of the north and west of the Balkan Peninsula. Plant up to 30 cm tall. The bulb is oblong-ovate, 4-5 cm high and 2-3 cm across. Peduncles flattened, bluish. Leaves up to 40 cm long, glaucous, 3-4 in number. Flowers up to 8 cm in diameter, with a pleasant strong aroma, 1-2 per peduncle. In the bud stage, they are covered with a veil consisting of two bracts. The tepals in the lower part are greenish-yellow, grow together into a tube, turning into a limb, the lobes of which can be of various shapes and sizes, from lanceolate to almost rounded, white or slightly cream when the flower blooms. The crown is very short, yellowish with an orange or red corrugated edge.

Asturian narcissus / small (Narcissus asturiensis / minimus)

It is a miniature plant originating from the Pyrenees and Portugal. Its stems, rising to a height of only 10 cm, bear one yellow flower each, which, when mature, resembles a narcissus from a group of tubular forms. The corolla has numerous deep folds. This species blooms very early, often as early as February. The leaves, directed in different directions, reach a length of 15 cm. Small bulbs are easily formed by children, so the plants spread quickly and occupy all the free space. Bulbs are planted in large groups, immersed in well-permeable soil to a depth of 1 cm.

Narcissus bulbocodium (Narcissus bulbocodium)

Mountain slopes, meadows. Southwestern Europe, North Africa. Plant 5-10 cm tall. The leaves in the cut are semi-cylindrical, 0.1-0.2 cm thick and 4-7 cm long. The flowers are yellow, 1-1.5 cm in diameter, have a relatively large tube and miniature lobes, 0.1-0.2 cm wide and 0.3-0.5 cm long. Flowering in early - mid-May. Light. Drained soils. Seed reproduction.

Daffodil tubular (Narcissus canaliculatus)

Central America. Plant 15-30 cm tall. Stems are slender. Leaves linear, basal, green, 1 cm wide. Flowers with 6 white petals and a yellow, cup-shaped crown.

Narcissus cyclamineus (Narcissus cyclamineus)

Found in Portugal and Spain. Plants 15-25 cm tall. The bulb is small, about 2 cm in diameter, round. Leaves up to 15 cm long, narrowly linear, keeled. The flowers are drooping, 2.5-3.5 cm long, bright yellow, with a long cylindrical tube.

Jonquill Narcissus (Narcissus jonquilla)

Mediterranean from the Iberian Peninsula to Asia Minor and Palestine. Plants 20-30 cm tall. Peduncles almost cylindrical. The leaves are semi-cylindrical, arcuately curved, up to 4 cm wide. Umbrella inflorescence of 2-6 small, very fragrant flowers, 2-3 cm in diameter. They bloom later than other species.

Milky white daffodil (Narcissus lacticolor / lacticolor var caucasicus / caucasicus / Hermione lacticolor)

The bulb is spherical-ovoid, about 4 cm wide, shrouded in dark brown sheaths. The leaves are flat, linear, about 12 mm wide, equal to the flower arrow. The apical leaf at the base of the umbrella is membranous, oblong, shorter than the pedicels. Umbrella with 5-7 flowers on unequal pedicels. Perianth white with broadly elliptical lobes, shorter than the tube; the crown is golden yellow, low, cup-shaped, solid, slightly protruding from the corolla tube.

Narcissus dwarf (Narcissus nanus)

Glossy gray-green leaves reach a length of 15 cm. The flowers are sulfur-yellow with a diameter of about 3 cm. A small yellow corolla expands strongly towards the top. Flowering in early spring This plant is very similar to the small narcissus.

Fragrant Narcissus / Campernelli (Narcissus x odorus / campernellii)

This is a hybrid of Jonquil daffodils and false narcissus. Narrow inclined leaves reach a length of 40-50 cm.

Narcissus poetic / white (Narcissus poeticus)

Wet mountain meadows, light chestnut forests. Mediterranean and southern Europe from the Iberian Peninsula to Italy. Plant 20-30 cm tall. The bulb is spherical-ovoid. The leaves are flat, narrow, bluish-green, 2-4 in number. The peduncle is two-sided. Flowers solitary, drooping, white. The crown is flat, saucer-shaped, yellow, with a bright red crenate edge.

False/yellow narcissus (Narcissus pseudonarcissus/lobulans)

It grows on mountain slopes and in the river valleys of the Iberian Peninsula, France, Italy. Low plant, 20-25 cm tall. The bulb is spherical-ovoid, up to 4 cm in diameter. The peduncle bears one flower, up to 3.5 cm in diameter. Basal leaves are flat, straight, linear, shorter than the peduncle. Perianth segments light yellow, broadly lanceolate. A crown in the form of a long tube with an unevenly incised wavy yellow edge up to 3 cm long. Flowering in May. polymorphic look.

Bouquet Narcissus / Tazetta (Narcissus tazetta)

Grows in damp meadows near the sea coast in the Mediterranean. polymorphic look. Perennial bulbous plant 30-50 cm tall. Bulb with numerous scales, 2-5 cm in diameter. Leaves 4-6 in number, flat, gray-green, almost as long as the leafless peduncle, surrounded at the base by a membranous sheath. Flowers on unequal pedicels, collected 3-15 in an umbellate inflorescence. The perianth consists of a greenish tube up to 2 cm long, turning into white limb lobes. The crown (covenant) is goblet, golden yellow. In the northern zone for the winter needs careful shelter.

Narcissus triandrus (Narcissus triandrus)

It occurs throughout the Iberian Peninsula on open grassy slopes, in pine forests, often on acidic soil. Polymorphic species with flowers of various colors and sizes. Plants 15-25 cm tall. The bulb is ovoid, 2.5-3 cm long and 2-2.5 cm in diameter. Leaves 0.5 cm wide. Peduncle 15-20 cm tall, bears 2-4 drooping flowers. Perianth with slightly recurved lobes. The crown is about 1 cm long, has a smooth edge. Flowering in the second half of May. In the north, it needs light shelter for the winter.

Narcissus care and maintenance

Temperature summer 18 - 20

Temperature winter 5 - 10

Lighting. bright scattered

daffodils are a more shade-tolerant culture compared, for example, with tulips, but in illuminated places the “harvest” of their flowers and bulbs is much higher than in the shade. Daffodils adapt well to local conditions.

Watering daffodil. In winter - no watering

Summer - moderate

Air humidity daffodil. without spraying.

Transfer daffodil. Planting, transplanting: a decrease in the number of flowering shoots is a signal for transplantation. Bulb harvesting begins immediately after lodging and yellowing of the leaves. It is impossible to be late, as the bulbs begin to root again, and, in addition, late digging negatively affects their quality. After digging, all daffodil bulbs should be carefully examined, specimens affected by pests or diseases should be discarded and burned. If you are sorry to part with the bulbs of a very valuable variety, but, unfortunately, affected by the onion hoverfly, you can still try to save them. N. Rubinina from Moscow does this like this: she cuts the bottom of the bulb, removes the larva, rinses the bulb in water, then soaks it for 20 minutes in a strong solution of potassium permanganate and dries it. If such a bulb dies later, then it still manages to form a baby. Dug up healthy bulbs are cleaned, sorted, washed in water, disinfected in a dark pink solution of potassium permanganate and dried in the open air in shallow trays, always in the shade. Store at a temperature of +17 "C in a well-ventilated area.

The best time for planting daffodil bulbs is August - early September. If you adhere to these planting dates, the bulbs take root well before frost. The site for planting daffodils is cultivated in advance so that the soil has time to settle. The site is dug up, river sand, well-rotted manure or humus and nitrophoska are added at the rate of 60 g per 1 m2. In the flower garden, daffodils are best planted in asymmetric groups. If the flowers are intended for cutting and will be grown in the economic part of the garden, then planting in rows is more appropriate. The depth of planting bulbs depends on their size, local climatic conditions, soil type and the number of years until the next digging. Depending on the size of the bulbs, the planting depth ranges from 10 to 20 cm, sometimes up to 25 cm. E. Timokhina from the Main Botanical Garden Russian Academy science advises to leave a layer of soil above the bulbs during the annual digging of daffodils, which should not exceed 5 cm. .

In dry weather, plantings are watered, and in late autumn they are mulched with peat, then covered with a layer of leaves, preferably oak or birch. Many varieties are winter-hardy and can overwinter without additional shelter, but there are attacks in snowless winters. In the spring, after the snow melts, the shelter is removed, leaving the leaves between the rows.

top dressing daffodil. spring-summer - 1 time in 2 weeks with mineral and organic fertilizers

winter-autumn - without top dressing.

pruning daffodil. does not need.

Pests and diseases of narcissus

Damaged by a mealybug, spider mite, aphids and nematodes.

Features of caring for narcissus

Yellow leaves - draft, little light.

Slow growth - insufficient rest period, insufficient watering.

Deformed flowers - high temperature.

Daffodils are a rather moisture-loving crop, so during the flowering period and for 4-5 weeks after it, they need to be watered if there is no rain. The rest of the care comes down to weeding and removing diseased plants. To improve the quality of the bulbs and prevent the spread of diseases, withering flowers are cut off before the seeds begin to form, since the plants consume a lot of nutrients to ripen the seeds.

Growing spring bulbous plants in the garden and at home, planting and caring for them

The first flowers are especially beautiful.

All spring-blooming bulbs are ephemeroids. that is, "one-day species" in Greek. These are plants with a very short period of active vegetation. In the spring they bloom, leaves grow at the same time or a little later, soon the leaves turn yellow, the seeds ripen, the entire aerial part dries up. The life of the plant continues underground in the bulb.

Such a life cycle is associated with the origin of plants, most of them come from those regions where precipitation falls in the spring, and the summer is dry and hot. Nevertheless, the bulbs grow and bloom well in temperate climates, many even need not be dug up for the winter.

For several centuries of bulbous cultivation, techniques for caring for them, ways of protecting them from pests and diseases have been developed, and many varieties have been bred. Within 3-4 weeks, different varieties of snowdrop bloom, replacing each other.

By planting early, medium and late flowering varieties, you can extend the flowering of tulips and daffodils up to one and a half months. All bulbs lend themselves perfectly to forcing, but require a cold period to transition to flowering. Daffodils, tulips and hyacinths are grown all year round in greenhouses for cutting, but you can admire small-bulb flowers only in spring - in parks, botanical gardens or on your own plot. Crocus, blueberry, muscari, pushkinia, chionodoxa, iridodictium decorate rockeries in the spring, while other plants are just starting to grow.

At the beginning of summer, the leaves of ephemeroids turn yellow and dry out, which does not decorate flower beds. There are two ways to fix the situation.

The first is to plant bulbs in mesh boxes and dig into the ground. When the plants have faded, they, along with the boxes, are moved to a secluded place until all the nutrients from the leaves have passed into the bulbs. The second method is suitable for those ephemeroids that do not have to be dug up every year - they are planted among other perennials. In summer, growing, perennials cover the drying leaves of bulbous.

Bulbous plants have similar requirements for growing conditions. All of them cannot stand the close level of groundwater, marshy soils and areas flooded with meltwater, they prefer light soils. Fresh manure should not be applied under the bulbs, this leads to diseases. They have a short period of active life, therefore, in addition to the main fertilization before planting the bulbs, it is also desirable to carry out top dressing before, during and after flowering. But in general, bulbous plants are rather unpretentious, it is best for inexperienced flower growers to start with them.

Snowdrop

The snowdrop is the first of the bulbous ones to bloom, its delicate flowers appear literally from under the snow. It is attractive with touching defenselessness and at the same time vitality, because its flowers can withstand frosts down to -10 ° C.

Snowdrop, or galanthus (translated from Greek as "milk flower"), belongs to the Amaryllis family. The genus includes 18 species. Cultivated snow-white snowdrop, p. Elvis, p. Caucasian, p. folded, p. Ikarian, etc. More than 200 different forms of these species are known. The white snowdrop is popular due to its ability to grow rapidly. It blooms before all snowdrops, in late March - early April for 30 days. Of the 500 existing varieties, most belong to this species.

Snowdrops have drooping bell-shaped single flowers with a perianth of 6 leaflets, on top of three inner green spots. The leaves are linear, 10-20 cm long, appear simultaneously with the peduncles. The bulb is fleshy, 1-3 cm in diameter, with brown or golden outer scales.

There are plants with simple and with double flowers. To the most popular varieties of snowdrop snowdrop with simple flowers relate " Sandhill Gate', 'Sam Arnott', 'Lutescens', 'Scharlockii', 'Viridescens'. Sort "Snow White Gnome" undersized, its height does not exceed 5 cm. South Hayes, Colossus .

In terry varieties - Ophelia, Flore Pleno, "Pussey Green Tip"- outer tepals 3-5, and inner 12-21.

Popular varieties of p. Elvis: Comet, Two Eyes, Kite.

Growing snowdrops

Snowdrops are quite easy to grow, but they cannot be called unpretentious plants, as they are quite demanding on growing conditions; They like open sunny places, but grow well in partial shade. Snowdrops are resistant to contrasting weather changes, alternating thaws and frosts. Grows best in fairly moist, loose, well-drained nutrient soil after the addition of humus or compost. High, dry and low areas with stagnant water do not tolerate snowdrops. When growing snowdrops on heavy clay soils, a significant addition of sand and organic additives is required.

Snowdrop breeding

Snowdrops are propagated by onion-mi-children, which are planted immediately after dividing at the end of summer to a depth of 5-7 cm, trying not to cut off the roots. 1-3 bulbs are formed per year. Snowdrops transplanted in the spring during flowering almost always die. It is better not to grow snowdrops in one place for longer than 5-6 years. It can also be propagated by seeds. Sowing is carried out immediately after collecting seeds, flowering occurs in 4-5 years.

Snowdrops - care

During the active growing season, fertilizing is carried out with mineral fertilizers in dissolved form with a minimum nitrogen content. If the spring is dry, snowdrops need to be watered. Leaves are harvested only when they are completely dry.

whiteflower

The white flower is similar to the snowdrop, but blooms a little later. It has larger flowers with six petals of the same length, unlike the snowdrop, which has 3 long petals and 3 short ones. L

the leaves of the white flower are wider. In addition, the white flower blooms longer than the snowdrop. There are species that bloom in spring, summer and even autumn.

The white flower belongs to the Amaryllis family. The genus includes 10 species. These are plants up to 40 cm high with linear leaves, drooping wide-bell-shaped white flowers (single or in umbellate inflorescences) with a green or yellow spot at the top of the petals. Leaves appear along with flowers, die off in mid-June. The bulbs are ovoid, multi-apex, 3-5 cm high and 2-4 cm in diameter, the integumentary scales are brown. There are two types of cultivars: spring white flower (blooms from mid-April to early May) and summer white flower (blooms from the second half of May).

At the white-flowered spring variety carpaticum flowers are white with yellow spots at the tips of the petals, most often there are two of them; plant height 10-30 cm. In the variety " Podpolozie» two flowers on a peduncle. Variety " Gertruda Wister» terry (in the center of the flower, additional segments form a rosette). Gravetye Giant- garden variation b. summer, bred in England. On shoots 50-60 cm high, 6 flowers are located.

Conditions for growing white flowers

Prefers partial shade, but grows well in full sun. You can grow white flowers on the banks of streams and garden ponds. Soils suitable for it are moist, drained, rich in humus, not acidic. When planting, it is desirable to add coarse river sand or gravel to the soil.

Reproduction white flower

The white flower is propagated by daughter bulbs (1-2 new bulbs are formed annually), they bloom in 2-3 years. Planting is carried out after the leaves turn yellow, to a depth equal to three bulb diameters. When dividing nests, it is important to quickly plant the bulbs, as they cannot stand overdrying. To speed up reproduction, the mother bulb is planted at a minimum depth, in which case it forms many children. You can propagate white flowers and seeds. They are sown immediately after harvest, preferably in boxes. Shoots appear in the next spring, seedlings bloom in 5-7 years. In one place, the white flower can grow for 6-7 years, after which it is planted.

White flower care

During active growth, liquid inorganic fertilizers with a low nitrogen content are applied. Phosphorus is useful for flowering, and potassium is useful for the formation of bulbs, due to excess nitrogen, leaves are often affected by fungal diseases. In dry spring, the white flower needs watering.

crocuses

Reproduction of crocuses

Crocuses are extremely attractive, they have large flowers of a wide variety of shades. Crocuses grow well, they are very hardy plants. They belong to the Kasatikovye family, the genus includes 80 species. Growing mainly spring-blooming crocuses, although there are also autumn-blooming ones. The flowers of crocuses are funnel-shaped, up to 5 cm in diameter, 1-3 flowers come out of one corm, they rise 4-6 cm above the soil surface. The anthers are brightly colored and contrast with the perianth. Leaves up to 7 cm long appear during flowering. Crocuses bloom in the second half of April for about 3 weeks. The corm is flattened, covered with mesh scales.

Based on the spring crocus, many varieties with large flowers have been bred - white, lilac, purple, purple and bicolor.

White crocuses:

• 'Albiflorus, Albion', 'Carpatian Wonder';
• lilac: "Flower Record'," Vanguard, Jubilee';
• two-tone Pickwick.
• Varieties of yellow crocus: 'Largest Yellow', 'Golden Yellow'.
• Varieties of golden crocus: 'Gipsy Girl', 'Cream Beauty', 'Snow Bunting'.

• Growing conditions for crocuses

  Crocuses do not suffer from spring frosts, however, they grow better in well-lit, warmed-up areas. They need soil with a neutral reaction, light loams are best suited. They don't like waterlogging. Can grow in poor soils.

  Crocuses are propagated by daughter corms, which are formed from buds in the axils of the scales. At different varieties each year from 1 to 10 daughter corms appear. Varieties reproduce more actively than species plants. Babies bloom in the 3-4th year. You can propagate crocuses and seeds. They are sown immediately after collection in pots or boxes. Shoots appear in the next spring, seedlings bloom in the 4-5th year.

  Crocus care

  Crocuses can grow in one place for 5-6 years, later the corms that form begin to crowd each other, flowering weakens. So the nests need to be planted. Do this during the summer dormancy. Dug out corms are dried for 2-3 months in a ventilated room at room temperature, cleaned of old roots. Crocus corms can harm mice, so keep them out of the reach of rodents. Before planting, river sand or fine gravel, humus, and leafy soil are added to the soil. If the site is low, make high ridges. During active growth, crocuses, like all bulbs, are fed. If the spring is dry, water it.

  Scilla

  Scillas bloom 2-3 weeks after snowdrops and white flowers. Their bright blue flowers are very good, collected in racemose inflorescences, leaning under the weight of flowers. There are varieties with white, blue and pink flowers.

  Plant height 10-20 cm.

  Bulbs are oval with a diameter of up to 1.5 cm with a blackish shell. The flowers appear at the same time as the leaves. The genus includes more than 80 species, mainly Siberian blueberries are grown.

  Siberian blueberry " Alba" with white flowers; " Grace Lofthouse» - with violet-blue; " Spring Beauty', "Atrocaerulea"- with blue .

  spring beauty- a powerful triploid variety with flowers up to 3 cm in diameter. Enem the flowers are also blue, the original form was found in the Krasnodar Territory near the village of Enem.

  Pushkin

  Pushkinia is similar to a blueberry, but it has stronger flower stalks, they do not lie down. Flowers are pale blue. Bulbs are egg-shaped. The genus contains only 2 species - pushkinia hyacinthus(blooms in May) and pushkinia proleskovidnaya(blooms in April)

  Known large-flowered form of Pushkinia proleskovoy - Lebanese (‘Libanotica’), as well as a white-flowered form - Alba .

  Iridodictium

  Almost simultaneously with snowdrops and crocuses, iridodictiums bloom. Their flowers, 5-7 cm in size, look like colorful butterflies: purple, blue, blue with decorations in the form of white, yellow and orange spots and various shading. Leaves grow after flowering. Bulbs 3-4 cm long and 1.5-2.5 cm in diameter are covered with a reticulate fibrous membrane. Iridodictiums belong to the Kasatikovye family. The genus includes 11 species, mainly varieties of reticulated iris are grown.

  Reliable are varieties of iridodictyum net " Cantab" with light blue flowers with a golden yellow stripe in the center of the outer lobes and « Ida" with purple flowers with a bright yellow stripe in the center of the outer lobes. Varieties are also known « Clairetty', " Harmony', " Royal Blue', " Spring time" and etc.

  Conditions for growing iridodictums

  Iridodictiums are very photophilous. They require well-drained soil that is neutral to slightly alkaline.

  (clay and chernozem soils are not suitable). It is best to grow them on a hill. In addition, iridodictiums need cool springs with heavy rainfall, hot dry summers and winters with high snow cover, without thaws.

  Reproduction of iridodictums

  Iridodictiums reproduce well vegetatively, forming 3-4 new bulbs per year. If the bulbs break up into many small ones that do not bloom, this means that it is time to update the variety. You can propagate plants and seeds. Seeds are sown immediately after harvest, friendly shoots appear next spring. Seedlings dive on the ridge, they bloom in 3-4 years. The characteristics of the varieties are preserved only when propagated by daughter bulbs.

  Iridodictum care

  In the first half of summer, iridodictiums are fed with small doses of complete mineral fertilizer. They are resistant to diseases in the spring, but as the bulbs ripen and the soil warms up, disease resistance decreases, especially in rainy summers. It is advisable to dig up the bulbs for the summer. Do this when the top third of the leaves turn yellow. Having chosen the nests, but without cutting off the leaves, the bulbs are dried for several days at 23-25 ​​° C, then cleaned. They are stored in a dry room at a temperature of 18-22 ° C and planted again in late September - early October to a depth of 7-10 cm. If you do not want to bother with digging up the bulbs, the plants are covered from rain. Under this condition, they will grow in one place for 4-6 years.

  Chionodoxa

  Chionodoxa is good because it can grow on the lawn, covering it with a sky-blue carpet (you need to mow after the death of its leaves). Blossoms after snowdrops. Unlike the bluebell, the flowers of chionodoxa are directed upwards. The leaves appear at the same time as the flower stalks. The genus includes 6 species. Most famous Chionodox Lucilia .

  Flowers are blue, blue, white, pink. Chionodoxa cultivar Lucilia "Pink Giant" distinguished by large bulbs and darker flowers. Chionodox Forbes and Scylla bifolia easily interbreed (if there are bees), forming hybrids, which are called chionoscilles. They have dense inflorescences of 10-15 small blue star-shaped flowers.

  These three bulbous plants (spillage, pushkinia, chionodoxa) have similar soil and light requirements, almost the same methods of growing and reproduction. They can grow in sunlit areas and in light shade. Grows well in rockeries. They need well-drained fertile soil.

  reproduction

  These three plants are propagated by bulbs and seeds. After 4-5 years of cultivation, a nest of 5-7 bulbs is formed in one place. They are dug up after the leaves have dried and stored in a cool room. Scillas are best planted in a new place immediately. Seeds are sown before winter, young plants bloom in the 3rd-4th year.

  Hionodox: care

  Under digging before planting, compost and wood ash are added. In early spring, it is desirable to carry out top dressing with a complete mineral fertilizer. If the spring is dry, watering is useful after flowering. Transplantation and division of the blueberry and pushkinia should be carried out after 4-5 years. Chionodoxa can grow in one place longer.

  daffodils

  Narcissus can be seen on every garden plot. What is the reason for such popularity? Apparently, in the simplicity of cultivation, only new selections are capricious. Daffodil bulbs need to be dug up and dried only once every 4-6 years, they bloom stably every year, multiply well. In addition, the bulbs of these flowers are poisonous, they are not touched by rodents.

  Narcissus belongs to the Amaryllis family. The genus includes about 60 species. Garden daffodils appeared as a result of hybridization of various species. Grow and natural species. Daffodils are perennial bulbous plants with linear leaves and single or clustered flowers (2 to 10 cm in diameter), often fragrant.

  Blooms in May - June. Daffodils have 6 petals and a crown in the center, often in a contrasting color. The bulb is perennial, flask-shaped, ovoid or rounded, covered with brown membranous scales.

  More than 30,000 varieties of daffodils are known. The result of the work of breeders was to obtain varieties with large petals, crowns of an unusual shape, flowers of various colors. All garden molds and varieties of narcissus are divided into 13 groups. Of the most unpretentious varieties that grow well even on heavy loamy soil, one can name Dutch Master. a large bright yellow variety from the tubular group, early blooming, as well as a miniature " Tet-a-Tet» from the cyclamenoid group, which is suitable for gardens in a natural style.

  Of the novelties, varieties are interesting " Taurus"with a large split pink crown," clear day» with an orange-pink terry center, lemon yellow fashion parade. densely double large-flowered Acropolis, "Gentle Giant" with a bright orange crown. There are even varieties with a terry center, for example wave. Interesting varieties of poetic daffodils: late flowering Actaea, "Milan" with a green eye; many-flowered - "Grand Soleil" and Paper White Ziva.

  Conditions for growing daffodils

  Daffodils grow well in full sun and tolerate some shade. It is only important not to plant them in the zone of the root system of trees and shrubs. The soil must be well-drained and fertile. Lime and marshy soils, areas flooded with melt water are unsuitable for daffodils. The reaction of the soil should be neutral or slightly acidic.

  Reproduction of daffodils

  Hybrid varieties and forms are propagated by children. In order not to injure the mother bulb, only those babies that break off easily are separated. With a rare planting, daffodil bulbs form more babies. If you need to propagate an interesting variety, the bulbs are planted, leaving a distance of 20 cm between them.

  Wild species can be propagated by seeds. Freshly harvested seeds are sown before winter in boxes or bowls. Most species bloom in the 6-7th year.

  daffodils care

  Daffodils are transplanted when the nests grow so much that the number of flowering shoots begins to decrease. It makes no sense to dig up bulbs earlier than 3 years after planting. The bulb of a daffodil lives up to 5 years. During one season, from 3 to 7 children are laid, they do not separate immediately. The baby can bloom while inside the mother's bulb.

  The bulbs are dug up after the leaves turn yellow, inspected and destroyed damaged by pests and affected by diseases. Healthy bulbs are disinfected in a solution of potassium permanganate and dried indoors. Store at 17°C.

  The soil for daffodils is dug up to a depth of 30-35 cm 2 months before planting. Humus is introduced - 10-20 kg per 1 m 2.

  How to plant daffodil bulbs. however, and other bulbous, it is possible not earlier than 3 years after the introduction of fresh manure. Before planting, the soil is dug up again and a complex mineral fertilizer is applied - 50 g per 1 m 2. The bulbs are planted in early September. Planting depth depends on the height of the bulb.

  50-100 bulbs are planted per 1 m 2, depending on their size. In dry weather, plantings are watered. Mulching with peat and covering with leaves will not damage (this is done in late autumn). Many varieties are winter-hardy and can overwinter without additional shelter, but there are attacks in snowless winters. In the spring, the shelter is removed.

  The period of intensive nutrition for daffodils is short, so they are demanding on soil fertility. The maximum nutrient intake occurs at budding and the beginning of flowering. At this time, a large number of leaves and peduncles are formed, therefore, in addition to the main soil filling, it is desirable to carry out top dressing. Daffodils love moisture.

  If there is no rain during the flowering period and within a month after it, they need to be watered. Stop watering when the leaves turn yellow. Withered flowers are cut off so that the plants do not expend energy on the formation of seeds.

  tulips

  Tulips are the most popular bulbous plants. Every year, the Netherlands exports about two billion tulip bulbs worldwide.

  Tulips are grown both in open ground and in greenhouses, so they can be found on sale at any time of the year.

  There are about 10 thousand varieties that differ in height, color, shape, flowering time. Among such a variety, it is easy to choose varieties that will bloom from mid-April to early June. Plant height ranges from 10 to 100 cm, color - from white to almost black (there are no only blue and blue tulips), there are two-color and three-color varieties, the shape of the flower is goblet, cup-shaped, star-shaped, pion-shaped.

  Tulips belong to the Liliaceae family, the genus includes about 140 species. The primary center of origin of these flowers is the mountainous regions of Central Asia, where summers are hot and winters are cold. That is why modern varieties tolerate even snowless frosty winters. By the way, tulips do not grow in tropical areas, since they need a cold period to produce and accumulate growth hormone. In the northern regions, the peduncles of tulips are taller, and the flowers are larger than in the southern regions.

  There are 15 classes of tulips, combined into 4 groups (three groups - according to the timing of flowering, the fourth group - wild species and varieties derived from them).

  I. Early flowering (bloom at the end of April)

  1. Simple early tulips. Peduncles high 25-40 cm, strong and durable. The flowers are yellow and red, goblet-shaped, open wide in sunny weather. In the open field, varieties of this class often fall under spring frosts. Good for forcing. Variety "Apricot Beauty" with apricot flowers has a delicate aroma.

  2.Terry early tulips. Peduncles 20-30 cm high, strong, nevertheless large flowers (8 cm in diameter) after rains can tend to the ground. In resistant variety " Verona»Double flowers of delicate yellowish color. Variety "Peach Blossom"(translated as "blooming peach") the flowers are white-pink, in the variety Monsella- two-tone, yellow with red.

  II. Medium-flowering (bloom in late April - early May)

  3.Triumph-tulips. The height of the peduncles is 40-70 cm. They bloom for a long time, keep the shape of the glass well, and have a high reproduction rate. Variety "Paul Scherer" glossy almost black flowers, they look great next to pink tulips.

  4. Darwinian hybrids. The height of the peduncles is 60-80 cm, the diameter of the flowers can exceed 10 cm. They tolerate spring frosts well, are resistant to the variegation virus, and remain cut for a long time. popular variety "Banja Luca" great for forcing.

  III. Late flowering (bloom in the second half of May)

  5. Simple late tulips. The height of the peduncles is 60-75 cm, the flowers are large. This class also includes multi-flowered tulips (3-5 flowers on one peduncle). Variety Shirley cream petals adorned with purple strokes and stripes.

  6. lilyflowers. The height of the peduncles is up to 50-60 cm, the flower is similar in shape to a lily. I Petals pointed at the ends. In the variety " Queen of Sheba» flame-like red-yellow flowers. Flowers of the variety " Mona Lisa"- the most delicate combination of yellow and red.

  7. fringed tulips. The height of the peduncles is 50-80 cm. There is a fringe on the edges of the petals. Variety "Canasta" pink-red with white fringe, has a long flowering, varieties " Lambada» yellow fringe on a red-orange background. It blooms for a long time, reproduces well, does not get sick. In the purple variety " Cummins» the fringe is white. Variety " Valery Gergiev» stands out with a rich raspberry red color. Breeders even bred terry fringed tulips, for example, the variety " Mascotte"(translated fly away) of a delicate purple color.

  8. green-colored. The height of the peduncles is 60 cm. The thickened middle of the petals is green, the edges of the petals are of different colors. In the variety " Esperanto"- the edges of the petals are white, pink, red or yellow. In the variety " Greenland» green flower with a wide bright pink border, does not open in the sun.

  9. Rembrandt tulips. The height of the peduncles is up to 70 cm. There are strokes and spots of different colors on the petals. In the variety " Jack line» purple-brown flower with yellow feathery spots and strokes.

  10. parrots. The height of the peduncles is up to 80 cm. The edges of the petals are deeply indented, sometimes wavy, reminiscent of disheveled bird feathers. A wide-open flower can reach a diameter of 20 cm. In the popular variety " Black Parrot» the flower is large, maroon, close to black. Red variety " Rococo»blooms 2-3 weeks. " Estella Rijnveld"- a very elegant red-white variety.

  11. Terry late tulips. Strong peduncles 45-60 cm high. The flowers are densely double, similar to peonies. Variety "Miranda" - the most powerful and large-flowered among late terry. "Carnaval de Nice"- elegant white with red variety. Very attractive lilac " BluaAiamond". Yellow with red Golden Nizza”, red-brown Uncle Tom'. Orange " Orang Princess ».

  IV. Types of tulips, their varieties and hybrids (bloom at the end of April)

  12. Tulips Kaufman. The height of the peduncle is 15-40 cm. They differ in the earliest flowering. Star-shaped flowers. "Giuseppe Verdi"- yellow with red variety 20 cm high.

  13. Tulips Foster. Peduncle height 25-50 cm. Large cup-shaped flowers. The flowers are usually goblet or cup-shaped, elongated, up to 15 cm high. Candela»(translated as "candle") - a plant 30-40 cm high with a yellow flower up to 15 cm high.

  14. Tulips Greig. The height of the peduncle is 25-40 cm. The leaves are speckled or hatched. Flowers do not fade for a long time. Interesting varieties: orange-red with yellow edges " Compostella» height 20-35 cm and red « fire of love» 25 cm high with brown and white stripes on the leaves.

  Conditions for growing tulips

  Tulip bulbs are planted in a well-lit place, protected from the wind. A slight slope will help drain excess water.

  Tulips need fertile, loose, moderately moist soil with a neutral or slightly alkaline reaction. If the bulbs were grown on acidic soils, underdeveloped flowers are formed. Sand, peat, humus should be added to heavy clay soil.

  On sandy soils, plants suffer from a lack of moisture, in which case they add organic matter (compost, peat) and a small amount of clay. Areas with high groundwater levels are not suitable for growing tulips. Tulips are returned to their original place no earlier than after 5-6 years; they cannot be planted after other bulbs that have pests and pathogens in common with tulips, as well as after plants of the Solanaceae family. Tulips can be planted no earlier than 3 years after the introduction of fresh manure.

  Reproduction of tulips

  Tulips are propagated by bulbs. The old bulb dies after flowering, a nest is formed around it from the replacement bulb and daughter bulbs. The number of daughter bulbs depends on the size of the uterine bulb, and in cultivated forms - on the variety. Nests are dug, cleaned from the ground, dried. Large bulbs (more than 4 cm in diameter) are planted in flower beds, smaller ones are grown. They are planted in a separate bed, the depth of placement depends on the size of the bulbs (8-12 cm). During the growing season provide careful care for plants (loosening, top dressing, weeding, watering).

  If buds appear, they are removed so that the plant spends energy on the growth of the bulb. Tulips are propagated by seeds for breeding purposes, seedlings bloom only in the 5-7th year. The characteristics of the variety in the seed progeny are not repeated.

  Tulip care

  There is no consensus on whether tulip bulbs should be dug up every year. Professional flower growers do this every year, amateurs do it in different ways. Much depends on the area of ​​cultivation, something - on the variety. Experts have proposed several varieties for use in urban flower beds that can be dug up no more than once every 5 years: 'Ad Rem', 'Apeldoorn', 'Elisa Volta', 'Juan', 'Littl Princess', 'Fusilier'(red) and also yellow ‘ Summit' and species - tulip. late tulip, urumi tulip. All of them are unpretentious. drought resistance, but they do not shine with special attractiveness.

  If you want to grow truly beautiful, exquisite varieties of tulips, it's best to dig up the bulbs every year. They do this in June - July, when the leaves dry up, and the covering scales of the bulb turn light brown. For two days, the bulbs are dried in the fresh air under a canopy, then they are kept at a temperature of 22-24 ° C for 2 weeks, cleaned and stored at a temperature of 20 ° C until mid-August, and then at 17 ° C until planting.

  1-2 months before planting the bulbs, the soil is dug up on a spade bayonet, dolomite flour, slaked lime, chalk, wood ash are added to neutralize acidity. Before planting, the bulbs are kept for 1-2 hours in a solution of potassium permanganate (3 g per 10 liters of water). Tulip bulbs are planted in late September - early October in such a way that they have time to take root before frost.

  At this time, the temperature of the soil at a depth of 15-20 cm drops to 10 ° C, the rooting process takes place intensively, in 2-3 weeks. If the temperature is higher, the bulbs take root slowly, more often affected by diseases. If the bulbs are planted at a later date, the soil is covered with dry leaves, humus (3 cm layer).

  In early spring, immediately after the snow melts, mineral fertilizers are applied (20 g of ammonium nitrate per 1 m 2), the next top dressing is carried out when buds appear (20 g of nitrophoska per 1 m 2). In dry weather, tulips are regularly watered. Ugly and diseased plants are immediately destroyed.

  hyacinths

  Hyacinths are not only beautiful,

  but they also have an unsurpassed aroma, lend themselves well to distillation. Garden hyacinths are descended from the hyacinth orientalis from the Hyacinth family and its varieties. They bloom in mid-April. The height of the inflorescences ranges from 15 to 30 cm, they are dense or loose, white, yellow, orange, pink, red, blue, light blue and purple. The hyacinth bulb is perennial, 4-6 cm in size, it can bloom for 10 years.

  Of the white varieties, 'Top White', 'Carnegy', 'White ReagG' are very spectacular, varieties with salmon inflorescences 'Gipsy Queen', 'Orange Boven', with pink 'Queen of Pink', 'Pink Frosting', red 'La Victoire' are interesting ', 'Jan Bos', lilac 'Amehtyst', 'Anna Lisa'. In varieties 'Double Eros', 'Annabelle', 'Isabelle' inflorescences are terry.

  Growing conditions

  Hyacinths are more thermophilic than daffodils and tulips. They are planted in sunny, wind-protected places. It is good if the flower bed is raised by 15-20 cm. A plot with a slight slope is also favorable. The soil must be permeable, river sand and peat are added to the clay. Hyacinths do not like acidic soils.

  Propagation of hyacinths

  Hyacinths are propagated by baby bulbs. For a year, an adult 5-6-year-old bulb forms 1-3 children. If they are well separated from the mother bulb, they

  grown separately. If the children are separated poorly, the mother bulb is planted along with the children. To increase the multiplication factor, cutting or notching the bottom is used. Bulbs dug in early July with a diameter of 5-6 cm are washed, disinfected and dried. The bottom is cut out or cuts are made that intersect in its center. Then the bulbs are laid upside down and kept at a temperature of 22-25°C. On the cut, small onions are formed. The mother bulb is planted with them in October. Dig up new bulbs after 2 years, when they grow up. They bloom in 3-4 years. Propagation by seeds is used in breeding. Seedlings bloom only after 5-7 years.

  Hyacinth Care

  In order for hyacinths to bloom well, their bulbs need to be dug up annually. Do this after the leaves turn yellow (in early July). The bulbs are dried, cleaned of roots and leaves and stored in a well-ventilated room for 2 months at a temperature of 25-26°C, and then a month at 17°C.

  They are planted in late September - early October to a depth of 15-20 cm. If no fertilizer was applied to the soil when digging, then compost or peat is added to the wells during planting. To protect against infections, it is advisable to place river sand with a layer of 3 cm at the bottom of the hole. An onion is planted in the sand and covered with sand, and then with soil. In the spring, top dressing is carried out: with the appearance of sprouts, with the growth of buds and after the end of flowering. Needs to be watered in dry weather.

  Muscari

  Bright blue, blue, purple racemose inflorescences of muscari, consisting of small barrel-shaped flowers, appear in April - May, they have a pleasant musky aroma (this is where the name comes from). The plant is also called mouse hyacinth, viper onion, and the British dubbed it grape hyacinth because of the resemblance of the inflorescence to a bunch of grapes. Muscari is distinguished by its unpretentiousness, winter hardiness, and a long flowering period. It can be grown under crowns fruit trees, since the depth of planting of the bulbs is small - 6-8 cm. This genus belongs to the Hyacinth family and has about 60 species. Plant height 10-30 cm, bulbs ovoid, up to 3 cm long and up to 2 cm in diameter.

  Muscari varieties

  Muscari is the most common type. Blooms in early May. The peduncle is up to 20 cm high, the inflorescences are smaller than those of the Armenian m. There are forms with white and pink flowers. The winter-hardy m. Armenian is also cultivated. Variety ' blue spike’ grape-shaped inflorescences bear 150-170 blue fragrant flowers. Peduncle up to 25 cm high. It blooms at the end of May for 3 weeks. The variety is quite unpretentious, it is used both for decoration and for cutting. Variety Cantab the flowers are bright blue, blooms late, the plant is stunted. Variety ' Fantasy Creation’ double flowers, blue-green, blooms from mid-May to late June. Variety Sapphire. blooming in April - May, inflorescences are dark blue, at ‘ Sky Blue' - pale blue. There is a form with white inflorescences. Also grown muscari racemose and muscari broadleaf(leaves are like those of a tulip).

  Growing conditions

  Muscari grows well in both sun and partial shade. Does not tolerate stagnant water. The soil should be permeable, loose. The plant can be successfully grown on rocky hills.

  Muscari breeding

  Muscari is propagated by daughter bulbs, which are planted to a depth of 6-8 cm immediately after they dig out the bulbs that have been growing in one place for 5-6 years. They do this in the fall, at the end of October (purchased Muscari bulbs are also planted at the same time). The plant reproduces well by seeds. They are sown immediately after harvest, as they quickly lose their germination. Seedlings bloom in the third year.

  Muscari care

  Muscari is responsive to the application of organic fertilizers - it forms larger bulbs and more powerful inflorescences. When digging the soil in autumn, compost is added - 5 kg per 1 m 2. During the flowering period, plants need a lot of moisture and vice versa, during the dormant period, a dry environment is needed.

  poultry farmer

  The most spectacular are the African species of birds, in our climate they are grown in greenhouses. European species look more modest, but they winter well in the open field and are unpretentious. Poultry farmers belong to the Hyacinth family, the genus includes 130 species, about 15 are cultivated. Plant height ranges from 30 to 150 cm. Belt-like leaves appear before peduncles. The flowers are white or slightly yellowish with a green stripe on the outer side of the petals, collected in racemose or corymbose inflorescences. The bulbs are ovoid or rounded, covered with strong covering scales.

  Types and varieties of poultry

  In early May, a low birdman blooms balance(10-15 cm high) with few, but large flowers (up to 3 cm in diameter). The most common type is p. Umbrella, or white bandushkas. This unpretentious plant up to 25 cm high, grooved leaves with a longitudinal white stripe. White flowers with a diameter of 2.5 cm are collected 15-20 in an umbrella-shaped inflorescence. The flowers are directed upwards and close at night. This species blooms in May. The plant forms numerous baby bulbs, which are easily separated from the mother bulb and can even clog the area.

  Poultry farmer drooping up to 50 cm high, it looks like a hyacinth, its leaves are gray-green with a white stripe, and the peduncle is decorated with a dozen drooping silver-white flowers. Blooms in June. Winters without shelter.

  Poultry farmer large reaches a height of 150 cm. Flowers with a diameter of up to 3.5 cm are collected in a loose brush. Blooms in mid-July. P. caudate is familiar to indoor plant lovers under the name “Indian onion. It has a large green bulb with a diameter of 8-9 cm.

  The flowers are small, greenish-white in color on a tall peduncle. Valued for beneficial features burning juice used as an external anesthetic for bruises, pain in the joints.

  Poultry farmer doubtful differs in bright coloring of flowers, it is cultivated as a houseplant. Two varieties are known: Ballerina' with orange coloration and ‘ Sunshine'- with yellow. In open ground, these varieties do not hibernate.

  Poultry farmers prefer sunny places, but also grow well in the shade of shrubs and trees. Sandy soil is more suitable for them than clay soil. They do not tolerate stagnant water and acidic soils, they put up with poor soils.

  Reproduction of the birdman

  Poultry breeders give a lot of babies, overgrown groups are seated every 4-5 years. Planting depth - 3 bulb heights, about 10 cm. Reproduction by seeds is possible, they are sown before winter, bloom in 5-6 years.

  Bird care

  Planting and transplanting is carried out in September-October. Sand is added to heavy clay soils. Peduncles with faded flowers are pruned. Poultry farmers are rarely affected by diseases and pests.

  Diseases and pests

  What are the bulbous afraid of?

  Bulbous - strong, strong plants, subject to all the rules of agricultural technology, they get sick a little. Basic principles: do not plant bulbs in damp areas and on heavy soil without first improving it; plant not earlier than 3-4 years after the introduction of fresh manure; do not use excessive doses of nitrogen; dig out annually

  tulip and hyacinth bulbs; when digging and planting, discard damaged bulbs; remove and destroy diseased plants along with roots and leaves, and even better - with a clod of earth; avoid strong thickening of landings; systematically remove weeds, as well as plant debris, dig deep into the soil before planting the bulbs.

  Fungal and bacterial diseases

  Fungal and bacterial diseases cause the greatest harm to bulbous plants: rhizoctoniosis, tyfulosis, sclerotinia, fusarium, bacterial wet rot. They hit tulips, daffodils, crocuses,

  Viral diseases

  Serious harm is done viral diseases causing discoloration and deformation of flowers. The most dangerous is the variegation that affects tulips. Varieties thus gradually degenerate. The virus spreads with the juice of diseased plants, and it is carried by aphids, thrips, leafhoppers, bedbugs, whiteflies and other insects. Since the mass appearance of Muscari. Signs of disease: spots, spores on leaves and bulbs, rot. For the prevention of fungal and bacterial diseases, the bulbs are treated with solutions of copper-containing preparations, potassium permanganate or 10 minutes in hot water (50-55 ° C) before planting.

  The appearance of these pests is observed in the second half of May, and then varieties of medium and late flowering periods are mainly affected by variegation. Sometimes infection occurs through cutting tools when cutting flowers. To prevent diseases, it is necessary to fight against carriers of viral diseases, observe a crop rotation, remove and destroy affected plants in a timely manner.

  bulbous pests

  Bulbous, blooming in spring, are good because there are still few pests during their growing season. However, they are. Especially dangerous is the root onion mite, which affects many bulbous flowers. Females lay eggs on the bulbs, the pest penetrates inside through the bottom, gnaws out passages in the bulbs, they rot. The growth of affected plants slows down, the leaves turn yellow and die. For prevention after bulbous, it is useful to plant marigolds, feverfew.

  The narcissus fly is dangerous for daffodils. Its larvae penetrate the bulb and feed on juicy scales. The bulbs become soft, emit bad smell, rot. During the growing season, the leaves wither and dry. Bulbs are also harmed by beetles (May beetle larvae) and wireworms. Measures to combat them are deep digging of the soil, removal of weeds.

  Mice love to feast on flower bulbs, crocuses are especially attractive to them. However, mice do not touch the bulbs of daffodils, a simple method of protection is based on this: bulbs are planted around the perimeter with daffodils. Another way is shelter landings plastic mesh(its edges are pinned to the ground).

  Choosing bulb bulbs - how and which ones are better

  Every year, shops, garden centers and various flower farms offer us a huge number of bulbs and corms of new varieties. Sometimes it can be very difficult to resist, but how not to make a mistake and choose them correctly so that the result does not disappoint?

  There is a number of not at all complicated rules, which should be followed when choosing bulbs, tubers and corms.

  First, storage can significantly reduce the quality planting material since create a home the necessary conditions very difficult. Secondly, if you purchase plants at non-optimal times for this, for example, tulip bulbs in the spring, do not forget that most likely these are the so-called knocked-out bulbs, that is, after forcing. To make the plant bloom again, you will have to tinker with it for more than one year.

  It is worth buying bulbs at the beginning of the season, until they are sorted a hundred times by buyers, especially for tulips, which are easy to injure, despite their apparent density.

  2. When buying, always carefully inspect the planting material.

  Tubers and bulbs should be even, clean, dense, heavy, with intact smooth shells. There should not be regrown stems and roots - only onions can grow roots, but in this case, the bulbs must be planted as soon as possible. Mechanical damage, spots, dots, unusual color - these are signs of poor-quality planting material, possibly an infected pest -

  or pathogens. Small, but always dry cuts are acceptable, without mold. The bottom must be intact. Do not be alarmed if, for example, the upper scales of tulips have flown around, this happens quite often. Wrinkled, as well as too light specimens should be avoided. But in any case, before planting, it is better to treat the bulbs with a fungicide, for example, Maxim.

  3.Pay attention to the size.

  Usually beautiful, full-fledged flowers are obtained from large specimens. But remember - too large bulbs may indicate that they are old or have been overfed with stimulants, which is not very good for plants.

  Lilies, dahlias and gladioli

  Lily bulbs should have live roots and a rot-free bottom. When buying, we give preference to elastic, dense specimens and bypass loose and crumbling ones. If you buy lilies in the spring, take those with one sprout - they will certainly bloom. But in the fall, the bulbs with sprouts, on the contrary, are put aside. If suddenly the variety that you so wanted to buy has a loose onion, you can try to help it: wrap it in a damp cloth, put it in a plastic bag and put it in the refrigerator, in the vegetable compartment. Keep it there for several days - the bulb should return to normal.

  If we talk about dahlias, then depending on the variety, root tubers can be different in size. But in any case, wrinkled, withered, shrunken ones should not be taken. Remember that high-quality specimens should have: a piece of last year's stem, root collar and 2-3 renewal buds. It is better to take young delenki. How to distinguish them from the old ones? The old ones are larger, darker, more wrinkled, their root collar is wide. Unfortunately, "youth" is not often found on sale, but do not be discouraged, and 3 - 4-year-old root tubers will bloom well, but only for one year. In autumn, most likely, new nodules are not formed on them, and it will be almost impossible to keep them in winter, so this is such an annual option.

  In the case of gladioli, the rule “bigger is better” does not work, since large, flat corms with a wide bottom are usually already old. Yes, they look attractive, but they may not bloom, bloom very weakly, or not germinate at all. You should choose small corms, with a diameter of not more than 3 cm, elongated upwards, they should look like truffles.

  Tulips, daffodils and hyacinths

  Tulip bulbs should be densely covered with scales. If it is too dense, flaking, this is a sign that they have been overexposed in the soil. In this case, in the spring, roots will not germinate through such a shell, which will affect flowering. When buying, pay attention to the tip of the future stem: dense, but in no case started to grow. Also look at the bottom of the bulb. It should be dense, without traces of rot, with well-marked root tubercles.

  The narcissus does not have any features, we choose healthy specimens, with dry, golden or brownish, tight-fitting scales. Stains, plaque, damage are unacceptable. Bulbs can vary in size: large ones (3-5 cm in diameter) are used for landscaping, as well as for forcing, the main drawback is that after 2-3 years they will have to be dug up and divided; smaller ones (1.5 - 2.5 cm) will not bloom immediately, they are usually used for reproduction.

  Adult hyacinth bulbs are usually 4 to 6 cm in size, but are slightly smaller in double and yellow-flowered varieties. The bulbs should not only be firm, without any damage, they should have a pronounced neck (the uppermost part) and a shoulder (like in a person it is located next to the neck). The ratio of the diameter of the bottom to the diameter of the bulb is also very important: 1: 1.6 or more indicates that everything is fine. For poorly grown and old specimens, this figure is usually less, it is better not to buy such ones.

  Usually, it is impossible to determine the belonging to the variety by the bulb, but this is not the case with hyacinths, the color of the shells indicates the color of the future flower. So, for example, if the bulb is purple, then the flowers will be purple, purple, lilac; lilac - pink; light gray - snow-white flowers; dark cherry - red; grayish-cream - yellow.

  WE SHARE THE EXPERIENCE OF GROWING THE FIRST BULBS

  little spring joys

  Many of us treat early flowers with special tenderness. After a long winter, even an ordinary coltsfoot makes you smile and think about something pleasant. And the refined and graceful garden primroses are completely capable of making happy the one who admires them and inhales their intoxicating aroma!

  What garden plants bloom the very first when the snow is still melting? Bulbous and tuberous, which were planted in the fall, are the very first to bloom. But among them there are champions. So, earlier than others, chio-nodoxa, muscari, goose onion, scilla (scylla), corydalis, crocus and some hyacinths appear.

  A miniature bulbous plant blooms as soon as the snow melts. The flowers look like stars or open bells, usually blue-blue, violet-lilac or white. Chionodoxes bloom for about two weeks, after which they rest until next spring. Unpretentious: undemanding to the soil, can grow in the sun and in partial shade. Hionodoxa can become a decoration of a rockery or an alpine slide, since it does not need a lot of land for growth and flowering. Chionodoxa also makes a magnificent floral carpet that will look great next to forest trees or in mixborders.

  As soon as the first sprouts appear, feed Chionodoxa with nitrogen fertilizer (just don't burn the leaves!), And she will delight you with fast growth and bright flowers.

  Another "dwarfs" in the spring flowerbed. They are also called "mouse hyacinths". These small flowers - usually bluish-lilac shades, there are white ones - are amazingly unpretentious and tenacious. They give a lot of babies, thanks to which they quickly grow into dense flower curtains. Moreover, muscari can become a weed, as their small bulbs are very difficult to pick out of the ground. Therefore, you need to plant them either where they definitely will not violate your plans with their fertility, or not in the ground, but in a basket, a special container for bulbs or a leaky plastic jar. This is necessary in order to, if necessary, take out and transplant them all together with a clod of earth. Muscari love the sun or partial shade, they are undemanding to the soil.

  Goose onion (gagea yellow)

  Surely in the forest they met a small yellow snowdrop. By themselves, these plants look quite modest, so it is better to decorate them with alpine slides or lawns, and also use them in mixed flower beds. Goose onion prefers sunny areas with loose soil, but can also grow in partial shade. It actively propagates both by children and seeds, thanks to which it can grow like a weed, requiring almost no care.

  Scillas (scillas)

  Small hardy plants with bright blue flowers. Scillas are ideal for rocky gardens: low and very bright, these plants, surrounded by stones, sparkle like sapphires in an exquisite setting. But the requirements for the care of the forests are special. They need non-acidic soil, rich in nutrients, moist, but without stagnant water. But as for the light, then the blueberries will please you: they feel fine both in the sun and in the shade, only in the shade they bloom later.

  Another little joy for the gardener. It tolerates any frost and the most Spartan conditions, while there are many species that differ in a variety of colors. Corydalis can grow in the shade, tolerate acidic soils normally, the only requirement is that there should be no stagnant water. They feel great on the lawn, the grass does not clog them. They can grow for many years in one area without transplants.

  A scattering of diamonds on a spring flower bed. Huge flowers on a short stem are visible from afar, and their delicate aroma lifts the mood and dispels melancholy. Crocuses are undemanding, but timely feeding and plenty of sunlight will make them larger. In the shade and on poor soils, crocus flower stalks become smaller. Unlike their fellow primroses, crocuses are very fond of mineral fertilizers: they need to feed the flowers before, during and after flowering.

  They rise in the flower bed like kings: they are the brightest and tallest of the early primroses. The blue hyacinths are the first to bloom, the last are yellow and orange. Thus, having planted hyacinths of different varieties in a flower bed, you can enjoy their continuous flowering from March-April to May-June.

  When hyacinths just hatch, they need to be fed with nitrogen fertilizers, and before flowering - with mineral fertilizers. Bulbs after withering of the upper part are dug up, planted again in the fall. Sheltered for the winter.

  How to please the bulbous

  All primroses look very different, but they have many common taste preferences.

  Most of them (except crocuses and hyacinths) do not tolerate mineral fertilizers well. Therefore, it is better to make them before winter, and in the spring to feed them with nitrogen.

  Each flower has its own requirements for light and soil, but all, without exception, bloom earlier in areas where the snow melts first. So, if you have a mound or a corner in your country house that appears from under the snowdrifts earlier from year to year, it will be the ideal place for a flower bed with primroses.

  All bulbs need soil with good water permeability. They need a lot of water only in the spring, later moisture stagnation leads to decay.

  Without losing the quality of flowers, you can grow primroses in the same area for about 5 years.

  Do not cut off the top of the plant when the flowers have withered. You only need to cut off the peduncle - the further development of the leaves is important for the laying of flower buds for the next year.

  Create a spring flower bed

  During the active growth and flowering of primroses, there are no leaves on the trees yet. This means that where trees and shrubs create a dense shadow in summer, there is still enough light in spring, and the place is suitable for arranging an early flower bed there.

  Primroses are great for revitalizing your lawn. Being about the same height as

  sprouting grass, they make it look like a carpet with a magical and bright pattern. And since many of the early primroses require little to no maintenance, once they've finished blooming, they can be forgotten about. They won't hurt the lawn, and he won't hurt them either.

  Early bulbs are suitable for use in mixborders. They are planted in the first rows, followed by late bulbous (daffodils, tulips) and early flowering perennials (violas, daisies, primroses).

  Beautifully look spring flower beds, islands, created entirely from primroses. Tall tulips and daffodils are planted in the center, followed by hyacinths, goose onions, blueberries, crocuses and muscari. The advantage of such a flower bed is that when the top of the plants withers, you can safely dig up the entire flower bed and select the bulbs without fear of disturbing other plants.

  Corydalis perfectly tolerates the neighborhood with conifers and can be used as a carpet under junipers, spruces and pines.

  Primroses on alpine hills, surrounded by small evergreens, look especially elegant and at the same time natural. The advantage of such cultivation is that the snow melts faster from the hill, which means that the flowers will bloom earlier. But it is important to provide nutrition and drainage.

  You can grow primroses in beds with late plants so that they do not seem empty. For example, all bulbs get along well with roses, which, by the way, create a beautiful background for them.

  To make the flower bed look stylish and not too colorful, choose plants of 2-3 colors, but you can use many different shades.

  A Brief Overview of Bulbous Plants

  1. Wild tulip species need a sunny location. Blooms in April - May. 2. Scilla grows well in the sun and in partial shade, the buds open in April. 3. The white flower prefers partial shade and moist soil, its white bell inflorescences appear in mid-April. 4. Muscari loves the sun, potted plants can also be placed in partial shade. Blooms in April - May. 5. Crocuses need a sunny flower garden. Buds appear at the end of March April. 6. Hyacinthoides likes semi-shady places under shrubs, flowers appear in late May - June. 7. Daffodils feel great both in the sun and in partial shade; depending on the variety, they bloom from April to June. 8. Iridodictiums prefer sunny places on soil with good water permeability. Flowers appear in March-April. 9. Snowdrops are suitable for both sunny and semi-shady corners. The buds open in March-April. 10. Tulips love the sun, depending on the variety, they bloom in April - June.

  A.KORNEEVA, Tula

Narcissus is an early spring plant. Its flowers are the first to please with their beauty, freshness and aroma.

Narcissus flower: what is it

Flowering begins in May, lasts about a month. Bright, bell-like flowers sway among thin leaves.

The flower consists of 6 leaves of a simple perianth, the outgrowth of each forms a crown, inside of which there is a style and 6 stamens. The diameter of the flower is from 2 to 10 cm. Flowers come in 2 forms: simple and double.

The culture grows in the Mediterranean, Asia, southern Europe. There are more than 60 species. In addition to 25 natural ones, a huge number of hybrids are also grown.

flower narcissus

Narcissus is a plant suitable for forcing, decorating, cutting into a bouquet.

Interesting! The name comes from the Greek "narcao", which translates as "intoxicating".

It has been cultivated for centuries for use in medicine and perfumery. The intoxicating notes of the fragrance can trigger a migraine attack. The alkaloid contained in the bulbs is poisonous to rodents, which makes them invulnerable.

In the countries of East Asia, non-terry varieties are commercially grown for the manufacture essential oil. The fashion perfume is called Black Narcissus.

Why is the flower named so? The ancient Greek legend tells all about Narcissus, a handsome but selfish young man who did not respond to the feelings of the mountain nymph Echo. He was punished by the gods for his coldness. The young man fell in love with his reflection in the water. Self-admiration at the stream led the young man to death. Grew up in that place beautiful flower named after him by the people. This is a myth, but the narcissus flower still pleases everyone with its delicate beauty.

Narcissus flowers (Latin name narcissus) are representatives of the perennial bulbous genus, belong to the Amaryllis family. Along with flowers similar to narcissus: crocuses, hyacinths, refers to early plants.

Narcissus and Echo

The variety of how daffodils look is created by the size, shape, color of the crown (one-color or two-color).

Characteristics and description of the narcissus flower

Height: 0.1-0.5 m. The arrangement of the leaves is basal, tufted. Quantity - from 2 to 4. Form - narrow-linear. Length and width depend on the cultivar.

At the top of the peduncle, a flower grows, which consists of 6 petals (more for terry ones). The arrangement of flowers occurs solitary or umbrella, straight or drooping. At its base there is a crown - a tubular, cup-shaped or bell-shaped crown.

Bulb - perennial, dense, scaly. Shape - elongated, oval or rounded. Distinctive feature: two kidneys of renewal with varying degrees of development. Roots straight, annual. Propagated by baby bulbs.

You can admire how it blooms from the beginning of May. Among house flowers bloom like daffodils - zephyranthes. In the people, their flowers are called domestic daffodils.

Types of daffodils

In the garden and for distillation at home, hybrid forms are popular, combined in appearance into 12 groups. Consider some of the types of narcissus flower:

• Narcissus yellow: a low, tubular, single-flowering flower with a light yellow perianth.
• Daffodil terry: petals, flower crown terry. There are both single flowers on peduncles, and with several. The size, shape, color are different because the group unites everyone with a single feature - terry.
• Narcissus jonquilla - peduncles with several flowers, cup-shaped crown no more than 2⁄3 of the length of the perianth.
• Pink daffodils. The Englishwoman Backhouse developed a special shade of the crown of the narcissus flower - pink. It became the starting point of many species belonging to different classes: terry, tubular, jonquill.
• Narcissus white: single flower, crown small, bright, perianth white.
• Sea daffodil can be found on the sea coast. Lily-shaped white flowers with a vanilla aroma.
• Bush daffodils. Tacetoid form up to 20 fragrant flowers collected in one brush. They have rounded perianths.
• Peruvian daffodil: unusual, very large flower white. It looks like a lily or a spider.
• Red daffodils: Variety Verger, Queen - a red crown flaunts inside a snow-white large flower.

Features of planting and care

Growing a daffodil flower is not at all difficult. Any garden soil will do. The main condition: good drainage, fertility. Manure cannot be used for fertilizer. The optimal landing time is August-September.

Daffodils are quite shade tolerant. Tatset varieties love the sun. Hybrid with a crown of red, orange shades are best grown in the shade.

peruvian daffodil

Planting depth 5-15 cm (depending on the type of soil): on heavy soils they are buried less than on light ones. The row spacing is about 30 cm, in a row the distance is 15-20 cm between the bulbs. Placed in groups or rows.

The plant is well watered. The soil is regularly loosened, weeded from weeds.

The daffodil flower needs to be fertilized. It is better to use mineral supplements in liquid form:

• after the appearance of sprouts - fertilizing with nitrogen;
• at the stage of budding - potash.

Important! Manure cannot be used for fertilizer.

The main diseases and pests of the crop

If you follow the right agricultural practices, there will be no problems.

Pests dangerous for flowers:

• mite;
• nematode;
• daffodil fly.

Plants are susceptible to the following diseases:

• sclerotinia;
• fusarium;
• mosaic.

Important! To protect against fungal diseases, planting material is soaked in a fungicide solution. Hot water will help against narcissus fly and nematode (soak for several hours).

Growing daffodils at home

A flower loved by everyone can be grown at home. For distillation, the type does not matter - most will do. Large bulbs are picked in autumn. Flower pot fill with soil. The bulb is buried in such a way that the neck protrudes above the ground. The soil is watered. The bulb is provided with rest (temperature + 5-7 ° C and complete darkness) until the sprouts appear, then the pot is placed on the windowsill. Care comes down to regular watering.

Knowing the features of agricultural technology, you can easily grow it in your own open field, as well as admire the forcing process on your windowsill.

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Growing decorative indoor daffodil

There are many varieties beautiful plant called Narcissus! The most popular is the indoor daffodil. The bulbous perennial plant, unpretentious in care, is widespread in the Mediterranean countries, from where it migrated to us. The origin of its name is connected with the Greek definition of “narco”, which means “has a narcotic effect”. The plant received this name due to the fact that its bulbs contain toxins (alkaloids - poisons of plant origin). These poisons can have a detrimental effect on the state of the human body, for example, provoke digestive disorders or cause cardiac arrhythmias. To avoid such troubles, it is necessary to wear rubber gloves when working with narcissus!

Spectacular indoor daffodil is popular with home plant lovers.

Description of the plant and its types

Narcissus has dark green leaves with a linear shape. Depending on the variety, its leaves can have completely different sizes. The perianth of the plant consists of 6 identical parts, inside of which there is, in the form of a saucer, a crown. The bulbs of the narcissus have an elongated shape resembling a pear. The bulb itself is covered with something like a brownish film or skin. The roots developing from their bottom germinate most intensively in the autumn period, while the flowering of the daffodil itself occurs earlier and begins in May.

Single large flowers are a hallmark of a tubular daffodil.

To date, breeders know about 12 thousand varieties of narcissus. Thanks to their experiments, we can admire not only one-color, but even two-color varieties of such flowers. But, oddly enough, the most desirable plants are still classic yellow and white! Daffodils of this color are especially popular with gardeners and summer residents.

Despite all the variety of varieties of this plant, the most popular and well-known varieties can be distinguished. The most widespread species are tubular daffodils. Their distinguishing feature is that they have large single flowers on their stem. The color of the flowers can be either one-color (white or yellow) or two-color (the perianth is yellow, and its tube is pale or white). The most famous varieties of this group include Glassier (white flower and tube), Birsheba (white with an oblong tube), Gold Medal (yellow tube and flower).

The shares of the inflorescence of the daffodil Actea can reach a size of 2-3 cm.

No less popular is a variety called Poetic Narcissus. Its varieties also have a single large inflorescence on the stem. Perianth of snow-white color, in the center of which there is a small saucer-shaped crown of bright yellow color. The varieties of this group include Akteya (large white inflorescences, the lobes of which reach a size of up to 2-3 cm. Its crown can be either yellow or dark orange.), Queen (large white inflorescences with a dark orange crown ).

Terry daffodils. the most important hallmark is that the perianth has not 6, but 7-8 lobes. Inflorescences are yellow or white, and can also be bicolored. The most popular varieties are Tahiti (yellow inflorescence with a reddish crown), Snowball (completely white), Texas (flowers are dark yellow in color).

Zephyranthes is a tender bulbous perennial. The genus belongs to the Amaryllis family. To many gardeners, he is known as the "upstart". This houseplant is not new in our country and many consider it too common. However, modern varieties of zephyranthes will interest exotic lovers. If you properly care for it, then flowering will be plentiful and frequent, which will definitely appeal to adherents of miniature flower beds on the windowsill.

plant description

Zephyranthes is a flowering bulbous plant that covers wet rainforests Central and South America fragrant carpet. Flowers bloom during the rainy season, when the Zephyr wind begins to blow. Therefore, the name of the plant can be translated as "zephyr flower". It is also called a room lily, "upstart" or home daffodil.

The root system of zephyranthes is a small oblong or rounded bulbs up to 3.5 cm long. A small basal neck rises above the ground, from which a few leaf rosettes grow. Narrow belt-like leaves of bright green color can reach a length of 20-35 cm. The width of smooth glossy leaves is only 0.5-3 mm.

Flowering begins in April and can last all summer. A long peduncle with a single flower grows quite quickly from the center of the leaf rosette. The shape of the bud resembles a crocus. Six lanceolate petals with a pointed edge are wide open to the sides, the core is decorated with short bright yellow anthers. Flowers may be white, yellow or pink coloration. The diameter of the flower is 4-8 cm. Each bud lasts only 1-3 days.

Types of room lily

Among the 40 species of zephyranthes that can be found in the natural environment, no more than 10-12 are grown in culture. The most common are white-flowered zephyranthes.

reproduction

Zephyranthes are propagated by sowing seeds and separating bulbous children. Seeds are sown immediately, as after just a few months they lose their germination. Landing is carried out in shallow boxes with a sand-peat mixture. Seeds are distributed in the ground in shallow holes, at a distance of 3-4 cm from each other. The soil is sprayed and covered. The greenhouse must be placed in a warm place with a temperature of about + 22 ° C and ventilated daily. Young sprouts will appear in 13-20 days. The grown seedlings are planted in pots with soil for adult plants in several pieces. This makes it easier to get dense vegetation. Flowering seedlings are expected in 2-4 years.

Reproduction by bulbs is considered a more convenient way. Every year, 4-5 young children are formed near older bulbs. It is enough in the spring during transplantation to carefully separate the soil from the bulbs without damaging the roots, and plant them more freely. The adaptation period and special conditions of detention in this case are not needed. Flowering is possible already a year after planting the children.

Transfer

It is recommended to repot zephyranthes every 2-3 years, although some flower growers advise doing this every spring. The pot of zephyranthes should be wide and not too deep. You can use rectangular flowerpots for the entire windowsill or several small containers. Some growers like to combine plants with different petal colors in the same pot.

Zephyranthes needs a good drainage system because they cannot tolerate stagnant water. The earth should be nutritious and light, with neutral or weak acidity. For the preparation of soil mixtures are used:

• sand;
• leafy humus;
• soddy soil.

When transplanting, they try to remove most of the old earthy coma. After the procedure, reduce watering for several days and try not to move the pot.

Zephyranthes Care

Caring for zephyranthes at home does not require much effort, the plant is considered unpretentious and survivable. Upstarts love the bright sun and long daylight hours. They are recommended to be placed on the southwestern window sills and in bright rooms. For the summer, it is better to take the zephyranthes flower to the balcony or garden.

The upstart prefers cool rooms, therefore, at an air temperature of more than + 25 ° C, it suffers from heat. To alleviate the condition of the flower, you need to ventilate the room more often. The optimum air temperature is +18…+22°C. In winter, it is lowered to + 14 ... 16 ° C. Some varieties can withstand temperatures down to +5°C.

There are types of zephyranthes that need a dormant period after flowering. They shed their leaves, leaving only the bulbs. For several months, the pot with the plant is stored in a cool, dark room and only slightly moistens the soil.

Zephyranthes prefer moist air, but can adapt to drier atmospheres as well. To prevent the leaves from drying out, it is useful to occasionally spray the crown with a spray bottle.

Watering the upstart should be very careful, as the bulbs are prone to rot. Between waterings, the soil should dry out by a third, and excess water should be immediately poured out of the pan.

Difficulties in care

With excessive dampness and excessive watering, zephyranthes is prone to root rot. One of the signs of rotting bulbs is that the leaves turn yellow and dry. In this case, you need to renew the land, remove the infected parts of the plant and treat with a fungicide.

Sometimes flower growers are faced with the fact that zephyranthes does not bloom. The reason may lie in the wrong selection of the pot. If it is too large and deep, the plant will actively increase the root mass, and there will be no strength left for flowering.

Indoor daffodil, which is not at all difficult to care for, is very popular among lovers of home flowers. The plant pleases the owners with its flowering at the end of the winter period or the beginning of the spring.

It used to be considered that this is only an outdoor plant that is grown in the garden. But this is not so, because the daffodil feels great indoors. We will talk about the basic rules for caring for indoor daffodil in the article.

Indoor daffodil is a bulbous herbaceous plant. During the period of the most active growth, long foliage is formed, resembling ribbons in its appearance.

The flowers are usually solitary, but there are varieties with flowers collected in loose inflorescences. Inflorescences are always located at the highest point of the bush.

They are located on a separate stem, so the bulb does not suffer at all when pruning.

The perianth has a white or yellow color, and, as a rule, consists of six oval petals.

The center of the inflorescence is a crown, which also has a white or yellow color. The crown is also surrounded by six stamens.

The bulb always has two constantly renewing buds, which have a distinctive stage of development. They are covered with dense brown skin and resemble a pear in their shape. The most intensive development of the root system was observed in the autumn period.

Narcissus is a bulbous plant that blooms with white or yellow plain flowers.

Popular varieties

Varieties of daffodils may differ in the following features:

• Foliage can be of distinctive length and width;
• The flowers have a double and regular texture.

But it is important to note that, despite some difference in foliage, their color always remains rich green.

Recently appeared new variety culture, which differs from the usual daffodil by the presence of a beautiful pink crown.

The most common indoor daffodil varieties are:

• "yellow sun";
• "Fortune";
• "Paper";
• "Magnet".

The variety "Paper" is most actively used, and this is not surprising, since it is distinguished by the placement of a large number of snow-white flowers at the same time on one peduncle.

There are about 30 types of different varieties of narcissus, but the Paper variety is the most common.

There are several other varieties of daffodil that can be grown at home. Like Gin and Lime which belongs to tubular varieties has one bud, which differs in large sizes. The color is pastel, pale yellow. The crown is rich yellow. The bulbs of this variety are large, about 4-5 cm, they are distinguished by simple reproduction.

Variety Jeanine refer to large-crowned, a feature of which is a reddish crown. Bulbs are small, crowns are corrugated and low. The described variety blooms for a long time, has a pleasant delicate aroma.

Sabine Hay has an interesting perianth color - it is yellow-orange. Scarlet crown. This variety blooms late and fades fairly quickly. Buds of medium size, with a pleasant smell.

Quite often, terry species are cultivated at home. For example, the Tahiti variety is very popular, the buds of which reach 8-10 cm in diameter. The perianth is sunny yellow, which becomes reddish closer to the edge.

Ice Wings is a large white daffodil that has a long flowering time. Peduncles are short, usually no more than three buds.

Among the group cut-toothed flowers there are varieties that look like butterflies, painted in white and yellow, for example, variety Papillon. The variety of pink daffodils Palmares is very interesting, the middle of which has more saturated in color, almost purple petals. The part of the bud that is closer to the edge is distinguished by delicate pale pink petals.

Selection of planting material and its disembarkation

Flowering narcissus with good care

When choosing planting material, it is important to consider several of the most important factors:

• Each bulb must be absolutely healthy;
• Have large dimensions and weight of at least 6 grams.

When disembarking, it is also worth considering some basic nuances:

• It must be laid at the bottom of the selected pot, for which brick fragments, expanded clay or pebbles can be used;
• It is impossible to completely immerse the bulbs in the soil, the third part must be above the soil surface;
• September is considered the most favorable time for planting;
• After placing the bulb in the ground, it is necessary to irrigate large quantity water and tamp the soil a little;
• Place the container with the planted bulb in a dark place where it should be for 12 weeks. At this time, the temperature of the selected room should not exceed 10˚С;
• When the first shoots appear, the plant can be put on the windowsill.

When planting, you should pay attention to the nuances of the placement of the bulb, as well as the subsequent creation of favorable conditions for their germination.

Narcissus indoor - care, creating the most favorable conditions for the plant

For narcissus, the most favorable place will be a bright place on the windowsill, but without direct rays. Therefore, the plant will feel great on windows facing west or east. For the winter period, it is better to choose a window facing south.

The characteristic of a soil suitable for a plant looks like this: loamy, fertilized, light with neutral acidity.

The room temperature also plays a very important role. The most acceptable option would be an indicator not exceeding 16 ° C. It should be borne in mind that too dry air for culture should not be allowed, so you should not leave it near heating appliances.

Favorable conditions for a daffodil consist in choosing the most suitable place, creating the right temperature and humidity.

Proper watering and fertilization

Plant care will not special work. Before flowering, it is worth placing the pot on the sunny side, because under the influence of the rays the buds will bloom much faster.

For fertilization, the most favorable time is the period of formation and development of buds and the time after flowering is completed.

Watering is desirable to produce only in the pan. Mandatory for water is used brought to room temperature.

After the flowering ends, it is necessary to reduce the regularity of watering, and after the leaves turn yellow, stop it altogether.

Caring for a daffodil consists in timely watering and fertilizing.

Common diseases of narcissus

No plant is free from diseases. This also applies to narcissists. Most often, the plant suffers from the invasion of fungal and viral diseases. The main reason for this is poorly prepared planting material.

The same applies to gray rot and fusarium, which appear on plants grown from diseased bulbs.

In order to prevent the occurrence of these troubles, it is necessary to carefully check, and in no case should suspicious specimens be placed in the ground.

Basically, all diseases of daffodils are manifested from poorly prepared planting material.

Zephyranthes - indoor daffodil

Often, when it comes to indoor daffodils, some flower growers do not imagine this particular crop, which is simply grown at home, but a completely different plant. After all, zephyranthes is home flower similar to a daffodil, which is why confusion arises.

The described plant also belongs to the bulbous. It is very decorative, undemanding to care for and has many varieties. Zephyranthes owes its name to the foliage, which is very similar to the described culture, long peduncles, buds similar in shape and color.

Zephyranthes blooms throughout the summer with pink, white and yellow buds that form one at a time on thin stems. The most popular varieties are considered white, large-flowered, which has a fuchsia-pink color of buds up to 5 cm in diameter and orange stamens, as well as pink zephyranthes, whose flowers look like lilies.

Caring for this homemade daffodil is easy. He needs abundant lighting, without direct contact. sun rays, timely watering and fertilizing with mineral products 2 times a month. During the flowering period, it is better to choose fertilizers with a minimum amount of nitrogen.

Such a flower is almost not susceptible to diseases and pests. But, with regular overflow, it can suffer from rotting of the roots, and in conditions of dry air, spider mites attack zephyranthes.

While watching the video, you will learn about.

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