Hot water per person. Water consumption formula - an example of calculating domestic water consumption

The consumption of water resources is one of the most costly items of utility bills for urban residents. Consumption values ​​can easily depend on the region in which the service is provided, since the tariffs are different and there are other nuances. Standards and norms are not set by public utilities and management companies. Each locality has its own standards, divided into consumption rates hot water and cold.

Calculations are carried out using the relevant standards, which are approved by the committees and commissions of the sphere of housing and communal services of each subject Russian Federation. This suggests that there are no uniform indicators in Russia when calculating the consumption of water resources.

Water consumption costs are also variable. They change depending on the seasons, seasonal needs, individual needs of each person and other features. That is why the coefficients of unevenness are used in the calculations. Here, the number of registered persons living and the norms of SNiP (sanitary norms and rules) are taken into account.

Approved consumption figures

The list of general accepted norms indicates the main indicators that are used in most settlements:

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This list does not take into account the expense of the household plan, which is not available in all families. So, for example, there is no standard for washing a vehicle, changing water in an aquarium, swimming pool, or watering a house adjoining area. For such purposes, hourly irregularity coefficients are applied, taking into account the presence of a sewer system. The water used for heating the dwelling is also taken into account.

Applied coefficients

In the presence of an internal water supply and sewerage system, hot water supply, the coefficients range from 1.25 to 1.15 kph. Under the same conditions, in the presence of a bath and a gas column, the coefficients are from 1.2 to 1.15 kph. The situation is somewhat different with the presence of a bathroom and wood-burning columns - from 1.4 to 1.2 kph. With the presence of internal water supply, but without a bathroom, indicators from 1.6 to 1.4 kph are used.

Water consumption standards necessarily include cost items for extinguishing a fire. However, since such needs are classified as periodic, the calculation principles are based on the localization of the fire point and the supply of resources to influence it. Here, in without fail the specifics of the premises must be taken into account.

Another indicator of the standard consumption of water volumes is the location of the shower or bath in the room. Houses of residential type, which have a built-in plumbing and sewer system, but are not equipped with a bathroom, are designed to consume from ninety-five to one hundred and twenty liters of water per day. This is the rate of water use per person. If in a similar house there is a bathroom, as well as appliances for heating the water resource, the norms increase to one hundred and eighty liters per day.

Nuances with water heating and savings

If the room is equipped with a gas water heater, then in similar situations, the hot water consumption standards range from one hundred and ninety to two hundred and twenty-five liters per day per resident. When the heating of the water resource is carried out at the expense of functioning solid fuel designs, expenditure items are smaller and range from one hundred and fifty to one hundred and eighty liters per day. Installing a shower room in a residential area, on the contrary, increases consumption from two hundred and thirty to two hundred and seventy liters. Similar indicators are taken into account in the presence of an additional washbasin.

Most of the living citizens who have installed resource consumption metering devices on their living space have the opportunity in this way to save on paying for the utility services provided to them. However, residents are required to install such devices at their own expense, including the purchase of equipment. The installation cost will depend on how many meters a person installs. In general, if only one riser passes through the living space, two metering devices are enough - for hot and cold water.

Actual consumption

It should not be assumed that the installation of meters necessarily entails the need to reduce the usual water consumption. In fact, people are required to control their own consumption of the resource and not pour water in vain. In any case, this is not a typical situation - to spend a resource above the norm, even if a person does laundry, wet cleaning and bathing every day. In practice, after installing hot and cold water meters, payments are reduced by two or even three times. Of course, if you do not take into account those cases when one person is registered on the living space, but in fact four live. In such cases, without counters, payments will be less than with them.

Another advantage of counters is that a person pays only for what he really consumed. If he went on vacation, a long business trip and the water in his house was not used by anyone during this period, he will not pay for it. If there are no meters, whether someone was at home or absent for three months, you will have to pay according to the tariffs.

Comparing the norms of water consumption per person per month with actual consumption, the monthly expenditures of all expenditure items are calculated.

Taking into account these data, the following monthly averages are valid throughout the country:

• Visiting the toilet - 118 times (in hostels 123 times);
• Washing in the bathroom - 4 times;
• Taking a shower - 25 times (in hostels 17 times);
• Using the sink - 107 times;
• Use kitchen sink- 95 times.

Additional consumption indicators

Based on the foregoing, we can also mention the fact that according to statistics for a month, water is used thirty-one times for cleaning housing and the same number for washing clothes. Some regions of the Russian Federation have more specific data on the consumption of cold and hot water.

Norms of water consumption by consumers for sanitary needs according to some utilities:

• Taking a shower - up to one hundred liters;
• Bathing in the bathroom - about two hundred to three hundred liters;
• A single visit to the toilet - up to six liters.

It should also be borne in mind that even when the bathroom is used frequently, with its capacity of two hundred and fifty liters and everyday washing, there are water consumption rates that are overstated - increasing coefficients. Of course, no state bodies can control the amount of resource used in each individual apartment, therefore, in order to avoid unwanted overpayments, the installation of meters becomes the most correct solution.

In addition, if we consider the capital regions, then there are 3.81 cubic meters per person per month. hot water and 5.48 cu. cold water. If there are no meters, the owners are obliged to pay according to the tariffs established in the region, regardless of how much they actually consumed.

How the consumed resource is calculated

Since each individual apartment is equipped with sanitary equipment, private house and other residential construction sites where it is impossible to do without the consumption of cold water, it is impossible to control the actual amount of consumed resources without meters. Therefore, average norms are applied, taking into account the total amount of water used in the settlement, with the assumption that half of the residential facilities have metering devices.

The information obtained in this way is summarized, after which the share that falls on living space with metering devices is determined. By subtracting this share, they get the volumes of the resource that all residents who do not have installed meters consume. The result is divided by the total number of unequipped apartments. According to statistics, the share of users without metering devices automatically accounts for two thirds of the total consumption in the locality. Thus, the standard norms for the consumption of hot and cold water per person are approved.

The established standards contribute to the transition to new forms of accounting for the consumption of water resources and increase the efficiency of its use. At the same time, it should be borne in mind that for users who have not yet installed hot and cold water meters, the prices for the introduced consumption standards will increase over time.

Citizens at the legislative level are obliged to install individual water meters in apartments and houses. Of course, if it is possible to do so. If it is technically possible to install meters, but citizens refuse, then when calculating the fee for using the resource, consumption rates with increasing coefficients are applied.

As a result, it is much more profitable to pay only for the amount that was actually used, without overpaying for extra cubic meters of water. And this can be done only if there is an individual counter.

The legislative framework

The provision of utilities, which also includes cold and hot water supply, is regulated by the Rules approved by Government Decree No. 354. They contain formulas that are used to calculate the payment for the use of water in apartments where meters are installed, and without them.

The standards for water consumption and its disposal have remained unchanged for almost 30 years. They may vary slightly depending on the type of home.

The cost of one cubic meter of water is set by the authorities of the region in compliance with the norms of Federal Law No. 210-FZ, which regulates the application of tariffs in this area.

The rate of consumption of cold water per person without a meter

It was calculated by calculation that on average per month a person can consume 6,935 cubic meters cold water. What is the origin of this number? We regularly spend resources on daily needs, without which the concept of a comfortable life is impossible.

To calculate the consumption of water in general, both hot and cold, we took the average statistical indicators that a person needs daily for the following purposes:

• taking a shower daily - up to 30 liters;
• washing, shaving, etc., which is our daily requirement - 200 liters per week;
• water that is collected in the toilet bowl - about 200 liters per day;
• bathing - 200 liters per week;
• other expenses associated with laundry, cleaning, washing dishes.

There are also losses and other water costs that may affect the entire residential building. This includes common house needs for cleaning common areas, costs associated with unauthorized connections, leaks in the house's water supply system, and many other factors.

As a result, a decent amount runs up, from which an approximate amount of cold water was isolated. It was adopted as the consumption standard per person per month, if there is no individual meter in the housing.

This is a rather large value, which is difficult to cover without even saving water. But utilities to cover their costs have the right to overestimate it if necessary. At the same time, the upper bar is strictly limited - it should not be more than two sizes of the standard.

The fee for the resource according to the standard is taken from each person registered in the premises, regardless of whether he actually lives there. This also includes temporarily registered citizens. According to paragraph 28 of the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 26, 2016 No. 1498.

About multiplying factors

In the absence of individual meters and the availability of technical feasibility for their installation, legislators decided to apply multiplying factors to calculate fees for all consumed resources. This norm has been introduced since the beginning of 2017 and significantly affects the costs of the population. On the other hand, this measure encourages citizens to install metering devices.

This applies not only to water meters, but also to meters:

Management companies should install common house appliances in order to control the consumption of resources in the house as a whole.

The formula for calculating cold and hot water without a meter

Frequently Asked Question: If there is no water meter, how is it calculated per person in 2020?

The formulas for calculating water according to the standard are fixed in PP No. 354 in Appendix No. 2 Section 1 of clause 4a.

It is not possible to install the counter technically

The formula for calculating the cost of cold water for the owner or tenant of an apartment that is not equipped with individual metering devices, if it is not technically possible to install a meter (PP RF No. 354 Chapter VI paragraph 42):

P = n×N×T, where

• N - the rate of consumption of cold water per month per person,
• T is the tariff set for the region.

You can install a meter or the verification period has expired

The tariff for those who do not have individual meters with a multiplying factor will become 1.5 times more than the tariff for those who have meters installed. Thus, one more component will be added to the calculation formula and it will become the following:

P = n×N×T×K, where

• n - the number of permanently and temporarily registered in the room,
• N is the rate of water consumption per month per person,
• T is the tariff set for the region,
• K - increasing coefficient (for 2020, 1.5 is set).

By simple calculations, it becomes clear that installing meters is quite profitable. This will make it possible to control not only the monthly consumption of the resource, but also the family's expenses for this item.

Important: Follow the date of verification of cold and hot water meters, otherwise they will be calculated according to the standard.

The rate of consumption of hot water per person without a meter

It has been determined that a person spends more cold water than hot water. Therefore, the monthly standard for it is slightly lower and is 4,745 cubic meters. At the same time, the calculation for the water entering the heating system is made separately.

The standard includes only the actual consumption figures for each person and it is considered that no more than 140 liters of hot water are consumed daily for all his needs. The same rule applies here as with cold water when public utilities can increase the standard by no more than two times. And you need to pay according to the standard for each citizen registered in the living space.

The formula for calculating the payment for hot water is similar to the calculation for cold water using the cost of 1 cubic meter of hot water at the regional tariff.

Note that dividing the rate of consumption of hot and cold water by 30 days in a month, we get quite serious numbers. This more than covers all possible expenses, so the meters will help to significantly save the family's water costs. This is especially true for those who have a fairly large family living and registered in the apartment.

Standard and tariff for water consumption by city for 2020

The above standards are average. More precise figures are set by each region independently. At the same time, depending on the various factors that are present in a particular house, they differ slightly. The cost of one cubic meter of water is also determined by the authorities of the region, it depends on the characteristics of the territory and its location.

The table shows the water tariffs in force in different cities. They are applicable for multi-apartment and private houses that are connected to hot and cold water supply networks, sewerage, and are also equipped with plumbing fixtures (toilet, sink, bath or shower).

Please note that prices may vary depending on the resource supplying organization. For each of them, tariffs are approved separately.

How to save water in the apartment?

It is quite easy to save water by following a few simple rules: choose appliances with lower consumption, do not keep the tap constantly open while washing, monitor the health of plumbing, faucets, pipes, learn more from the infographic below.

5/5 (6)

The legislative framework

For a long time, water meters have entered our lives, which measure the amount of hot and cold water consumed. The device helps to avoid overpayments. The owner pays the amount only for the consumed resource. However, not everyone equipped the apartment according to the new rules.

Some houses still do not have metering devices installed. In this case, the utility fee is calculated differently - based on the rate of resource consumption per person.

The rules for the provision of utilities, including the supply of cold and hot water, are regulated by Government Decree N354 of May 6, 2011. It is on the basis of it that the utility fee for the services provided is calculated.

Nothing has changed in thirty years. Water consumption and waste disposal standards remain at the same level. They vary depending on the type of building. The cost of providing services is set by regional authorities. However, at the same time, they are obliged to comply with the Federal Law of the Russian Federation N 210 of July 27, 2010.

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The rate of consumption of cold water per person without a meter

In 1988, the standards for the consumption of hot and cold water, as well as sanitation, were approved. The cost directly depends on them. To this day, the figures have remained unchanged. However, regional authorities have the right to adjust the price according to the economic mood of the region.

Thus, in accordance with the legislation, 6.935 m3 of cold water falls on one person. That is, according to averaged data, one person per month consumes the specified amount of the resource.

Please note! When recalculating the cost of utilities rendered, the company has the right to double the standard.

The norm is calculated for a reason, it includes the basic needs of a person related to water consumption:

• 15-30 l. water for showering, washing;
• 200 l. - taking a bath once a week;
• 200 l. water for general household needs, such as brushing teeth, washing dishes, drinking, etc.;
• 260 l. - for the operation of the toilet, as a rule, according to verified data, it is this amount of the resource that goes to waste;
• 800 l. per year for other needs not described in the regulations.

If a meter is not installed in the apartment, it does not make sense for the owner to save water. He pays according to the average data for each person registered here.

The formula for calculating the utility bill is as follows:

Kp \u003d Kch * Np * T, where:

• T - the tariff set for the region.

For example, if 4 people live in an apartment, and the tariff for the region is 10 rubles, then the cost of the service will be: 4 * 6.935 * 10 = 277.4 rubles, regardless of how much resource is actually consumed per month.

If the property is equipped with a device for measuring fluid consumption, then a person pays for each cube of water used, so it is worth monitoring the waste of resources. As a rule, the cost of 1 m3 is from 8 to 30 rubles, depending on the region.

The rate of consumption of hot water per person without a meter

According to reliable statistics, a person consumes much less hot water than cold. That is why in 1988 the generally accepted norm was 4.745 m3. It is believed that one person per month consumes exactly this amount of heated liquid.

Upon detection of unmetered consumption of hot water, utilities are forced to recalculate. At the same time, they have the full right to increase the standard, but not more than twice.

Thus, if the owner has not installed a water consumption meter, and the utilities are notified about this, then he will pay according to average indicators. But if a person turned off the meter on his own, or broke it, then the amount of utility bills will be recalculated for the last six months, taking into account the standards doubled.

Important! If the apartment does not have a water meter, 5 people are registered in it, but no one has lived in it for a long period, utilities will calculate the amount payable for each registered person. It does not matter to them whether the owner consumed water during the billing period.

However, according to the approved standards, despite the amount of water consumed by a person, it is considered that one person spends 140 liters of hot liquid per day.

Thus, if people living in an apartment use less hot water per day, they should install a meter to avoid overpayments.

However, if residents like to use a large amount of a resource every day, then the non-accounting method of calculation is just right for them.

Water discharge standards per person

Previously, utilities installed metering devices for each house, which displayed the general consumption data of all owners. Then the accounted amount was divided among all owners in equal shares. This method is considered unfair, because each person consumes water in different volumes. Someone overpays, and someone, on the contrary, underpays.

In addition, the old centralized lines were failing. There were leaks in some places. In this case, the entire amount of lost fluid was also distributed among the residents. However, now everything has changed.

Now everyone knows what he pays for. It will not be possible to hang other people's debts to public utilities on an innocent owner.

In addition to water consumption, standards for water disposal have been established. According to the latest data, the indicator stopped at the level of 11.68 m3 per month.

As with water consumption, wastewater standards can be doubled. However, the overestimation of the norm is explained by actual evidence. For example, if unmetered water consumption is recorded, and much more people than prescribed, and it is not difficult to prove.

Attention! If utilities constantly raise tariffs, standards, which happens unreasonably, residents have the right to apply to the court or the district prosecutor's office.

Average monthly water consumption per person: statistics, consumption rate analysis

Actual consumption figures cannot be calculated from averaged data. One person consumes only 2 m3, while the other consumes a resource at the level of 15 m3. The average in this case will be 8.5 m3.

It is unfair that for the second the indicator decreased, and for the second it increased. A difference of more than 6 m3 is noticeable.

That is why it was decided to pay attention to the following factors when calculating averages:

• static data in the region on water consumption per person, which are collected and summarized by local authorities;
• statistical data collected throughout Russia;
• statistics for last years taken meter readings.

In addition, third-party indicators also affect the overall average standard.

These primarily include:

• climate in a particular region of the country;
• isolation of the apartment, technical household condition;
• availability and serviceability of all equipment intended for the implementation of the service;
• time period (winter, summer, autumn, spring).

Remember! If we take into account the above factors, the consumption standards will be:

• from 125 to 150 liters of water if the room is not equipped with a bathroom;
• from 160 to 230 liters of hot water, if the apartment is equipped with a bathroom, but heating is carried out by special devices, for example, a boiler;
• from 230 to 350 liters of hot leads, if the accommodation is equipped with a bathroom with centralized system heating.

Usually, when recalculating, utilities reduce or increase the specified standard depending on the absence or presence of household appliances:

• from 12% to 20% - a middle-class power dishwashing machine;
• from 5% to 10% — washing machine machine;
• from 5% to 10% - the presence or absence of a tank designed for draining, what the toilet bowl is equipped with, its cost also affects the indicator;
• from 2% to 3% - the presence or absence of a saving tap.

If the equipment in the apartment is faulty, for example, a tap is leaking, then water consumption increases:

• from 100 to 250 liters in case of malfunction of taps;
• from 250 to 650 liters in case of a malfunction of the drain barrel.

If the utility employee does not notice the malfunction, then the recalculation will not be made. However, this does not exempt from liability.

Watch the video. How much to pay for water without a meter:

Tariff for water supply and sanitation per day per person, if there is no device

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, the establishment of tariffs for water consumption rests with the regional authorities. However, the procedure is approved by the Government of the Russian Federation.

For example, in Moscow and the Moscow Region, tariffs are recalculated on July 1. Similar rules apply to other regions of the country.

Thus, according to the latest data, tariffs for hot water consumption in Moscow and the Moscow Region are set at the following level:

• 35.4 rubles / 1m3 - cold water;
• RUB 173.0 / 1m3 - hot water;
• RUB 25.12 / 1m3 - water disposal.

Please note! However, the low level of tariffs does not satisfy the owners. After all, when calculating utility bills, increasing coefficients are used that can increase the total cost of services several times.

Norm and tariff of water consumption by cities

Each region has its own standards for the consumption of hot and cold water. It depends on different climatic conditions, the mentality of people, as well as the economic condition of the entire region.

There is a table that reflects all the indicators used in the calculation of unmetered water consumption. They are used to calculate the cost of utilities for serviced apartment buildings, as well as private cottages that are equipped with cold and hot water supply and sanitation.

Note! Tariffs in different companies differ from each other. The Government of the Russian Federation has not approved uniform prices for water supply and sanitation.

About multiplying factors

At the legislative level, a decision was made to introduce multiplying coefficients when calculating the utility fee for unmetered water consumption. Thus, apartment owners who have not installed metering equipment will pay much more.

Similar rules were introduced in 2017. They are aimed at encouraging citizens to install information reading devices. It should be noted that the standards have been introduced not only for water meters, but also for meters of consumed gas and electric energy. Management companies are required to install devices that measure generalized indicators.

Tariffs for those who have not installed special devices for metering water consumption are increased by one and a half times, compared to those who decide to equip an apartment in accordance with the accepted rules.

The formula used to calculate utility bills is modified, one more coefficient is added to it:

Kp \u003d Kch * Np * T * Kf, where

• Kp - the amount of the utility bill for water according to averaged data;
• Kch - the number of registered persons in this living space;
• T is the tariff set for the region;
• Kf is a multiplying factor established by regions and amounting to 1.7.

For example, if there are no meters installed in the apartment, 5 people are registered in it, and only one lives, the tariffs for the region are 10 rubles, then he is obliged to pay monthly for cold water: 6.935 * 5 * 10 * 1.7 = 589.48 rubles .

ATTENTION! Look at the completed sample application for the installation and sealing of the meter:

Calculation of the rate of water consumption

Important! The tariffs used for payment are set by the regional authorities. However, the calculation procedure is approved at the legislative level.

The following important factors have been taken into account:

• average resource consumption standards for a particular house;
• the tariff adopted by the regional authorities for 1 m3 of water;
• boost factor.

The increase factor is applied to those apartment owners who have the technical ability to install equipment, but for some reason do not do it.

It should be noted that when calculating the total amount of utility bills, benefits are applied for low-income families, pensioners, as well as families with three or more children.

Residents of apartment buildings receive monthly receipts with charges for the use of energy resources. All calculations are made not only on the basis of meter readings provided by citizens, but also taking into account the current standards for the consumption of hot and cold water per person in 2019.

The procedure for determining the option for calculating payments for housing and communal services largely depends on the presence or absence of metering devices in the apartment. When meters are installed, it is enough to take readings once a month and transfer them to the responsible employee.

In the absence of a metering device, the accountant of the Criminal Code will be obliged to apply the rate of water consumption per 1 person and, taking into account this indication, receive the final amount for payment. In this article, we will talk about the procedure for calculating payments according to the standards and what standards apply in 2019 to hot water and cold water.

The cost of consumed water resources in the MKD is set by the municipal authorities, but as for the standards, they were determined back in 1988 and still remain unchanged. According to these indicators, the norm of cold water per person is 6.935 cubic meters of liquid every month.

At the same time, the Criminal Code, in order to compensate for the shortage in utility bills, has the right to overestimate this standard by 2 times. Of course, the indicator did not arise by itself. To determine it, experimental studies were carried out, as a result of which specialists obtained the following data:

As a result, we can conclude that the established standards more than cover the needs of citizens, and if there is no meter in the apartment, then it is not worth saving water, because in financial plan no recalculations will be made. The situation is quite different if cold water meters are installed in the residential premises.

How is the DHW consumption level determined?

Based on practice, a person consumes much less hot water than cold water, therefore, the norms for DHW consumption are significantly reduced. So, today there is a consumption rate, which is 4.745 cubic meters per inhabitant per month.

When determining this indicator, experimental studies were also carried out, which made it possible to identify the optimal amount of resources per person. An important point is that the UK can overestimate the consumption standards by 2 times to cover the emerging shortage. In addition, it should be noted that the consumption of hot water for heating system counted separately.

Even if no one lives in the premises, the owner of the property is obliged to pay accruals according to the standard and according to the number of persons registered in it. Additionally, it is worth noting that without an economical attitude to the consumption of hot water per day, no more than 130-140 liters are allocated per person. Guided by this indicator, citizens can independently calculate the amount that will need to be paid for using hot water once a month.

How is drainage calculated?

Despite the fact that the article is devoted to the norms of consumption of hot water and cold water, it is necessary to say a few words about water disposal. The fact is that few people have an idea about the procedure for determining the volume of discharge of used water. Many people think that it is necessary to take into account the indicator for one counter and pay charges for it. As a result, there is an underpayment, and with it problems.

In fact, the solution to the problem is quite simple. If the apartment has meters, then it is enough to add up the figures obtained for each meter for the month. When there are no meters, this issue can be regulated using existing regulations. A monthly indicator of 11.68 cubic meters of used water is set per tenant. This norm can be doubled by order of the Criminal Code and if there are legal grounds.

In this case, the meter can cause an increase in water use fees, but if the situation is reversed, then the meter will make it possible to significantly save on rent.

Conclusion

Norms of consumption of hot and cold water are parameters determined by the state for about 30 years. Using these indicators, management companies make accruals for public utilities, and citizens can independently determine how the calculations performed correspond to reality. For many residents the best option is the installation of a metering device, since when using the accrual standards, they get many times more, but it all depends on the individual circumstances of the issue.

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