How to process strawberries after harvesting. Growing and caring for strawberries

June-July is the time when strawberries thank us for their care. We are reaping the fruits of our labors, but do not think that after the harvest, you can forget about the berry beds. In August and September, plants need even more help and protection than in spring. It is at the end of summer - autumn that the laying of the next year's crop takes place.

What to do with strawberries after harvest

You need to start leaving at the end of July - August, the earliest - when the last berries are still hanging on the bushes, and at the latest - 2 weeks after harvesting:

Cut off the old coarsened leaves, leaving 5-7 of the topmost young ones in the bush. Do this even if there are no signs of illness. So you thin out the plants, improve their ventilation and help the strawberries renew their leaves. Indeed, in August, the second wave of growth of green mass begins.
Cutting entire leaves is a last resort. The bush will direct all its forces to the restoration of the tops, and not to the laying of flower buds. Cardinal pruning to stumps is justified only in two cases: all strawberries are severely affected by diseases and pests, or the plantation is too large, overgrown, it is impossible to cut each bush.
If you left your mustache to root in July, in August it's time to dress them from the mother plant and plant them in a separate bed. All other mustaches must be removed as they grow.
Feed after trimming leaves and whiskers nitrogen fertilizer, but in a lower concentration than in the spring, for example, instead of 1 tbsp. l. ammonium nitrate, take 0.5 tbsp. l. for 10 liters of water. Many gardeners use weed infusion at this time. Combine top dressing with watering.
Keep the soil under the strawberries constantly moist and loose until the first frost. This is also important for laying flower buds. To make the job easier, use mulch or grow strawberries on a spunbond. Install a drip irrigation system.
Treat for pests and diseases. Use proven tools. Each gardener has their own. Many prefer folk recipes, for example, from Khrushchev - ammonia(40-50 g per 10 liters under the root), from diseases - brilliant green (40 drops per bucket). But it is more reliable to use fungicides (Scor, HOM, Arcerid, etc.) and insecticides (Aktara, Karbofos, Fufanon, etc.). Perform two treatments 10-14 days apart.
In September, when the bushes recover and become lush again, apply phosphorus-potassium fertilizers: 1 tbsp. l. superphosphate and potassium sulfate for each square meter beds. You can use ash - 1-2 tbsp. l. under the bush Distribute the fertilizer evenly, loosen and water. Phosphorus and potassium also have a positive effect on the yield of the next year, and in addition, they help strawberries to winter better.
Do not apply fertilizers containing nitrogen in the fall, they will provoke another growth of greenery. Bushes with tender young leaves will freeze.
With the advent of stable cold weather, when frosts begin to shackle the surface of the earth, cover the strawberries with straw, dry tops of vegetables, dill stalks, agrofibre and other warming materials.

This year, after harvesting, I plan to start transplanting young bushes to another place. Last summer I planted seedlings in the sunniest area near the house. I wanted the best, but early in the spring the snow melted there first of all. Strawberries stood in puddles during the day, and in ice at night. Several bushes died, I want to transplant the rest to the middle of the site. There is also a row that has fallen into the shadow of the fence, where the situation is reversed - the snow melts for a long time, the earth warms up slowly, strawberries bloom and bear fruit later, get sick. I will be transplanting it too.

After harvesting, there comes a period when the bushes, if necessary, can be transplanted to another place.

It is best to transplant adult bushes immediately after trimming excess leaves and mustaches. Plants become compact, evaporate less moisture, take root faster in a new place. Do not forget the rule: every 4 years you need to move the entire strawberry plantation to another place. But for this, take not old bushes, but rosettes obtained by rooting mustaches in July.

Video: strawberry care in the second half of summer - autumn

Features of caring for remontant strawberries

Remontant strawberries bear fruit all summer. After the first harvest, a dormant period begins for 2-3 weeks and the next wave begins. The berries grow and ripen until frost, so intensive care is required:

Immediately after harvest, cut off old flower stalks and leaves with damage and spots. It is impossible to mow all the foliage and radically thin out the bushes. Strawberries need strength to lay the next crop, so it needs to be injured to a minimum.
Be careful with mustaches: some varieties do not produce new ones after pruning. Therefore, read about the characteristics of your variety and decide how much mustache you need to leave. There are strawberries, which, on the contrary, grow mustaches all season and even give an additional crop on them. In this case, there will be a lot of berries, but small ones. In addition, it will be difficult for you to clear the bed later, it will be all overgrown.
Keep the soil moist and always under mulch to keep the ever-growing berries from touching the damp soil.
Feed every 10-14 days with a complex fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements, such as Fertika, Agricola, etc.
From diseases and pests, use only biological products: Trichodermin, Planriz, Gaupsin, etc.
In early September, cut off diseased leaves, as well as all flower stalks along with growing and ripening berries. Bushes should go into the winter stronger, so they need rest before the onset of cold weather.
After trimming, feed with phosphorus-potassium fertilizer.
Before the onset of frost, make charging watering, and with their arrival, cover the strawberry beds for the winter.

Video: caring for remontant strawberries

Be sure to handle strawberries after harvest. Do not leave it to grow weeds and stained with diseases. Without proper care, the bushes are quickly depleted, may freeze in the winter or be of low yield next summer.

In the second half of summer, all the berries from the strawberry beds have already been harvested, but you should not forget about the plants. How high-quality care for strawberries will be after fruiting, so good harvest will be next year.

At the end of July or at the beginning of August, strawberry care consists of several activities:

1. Trimming. Usually, a month after picking the berries, strawberry leaves are mowed, and all mustaches are removed, if not required. planting material for propagation or rejuvenation of strawberries. Pruning of old leaves is done in order to prevent various diseases. It is recommended to cut the leaves manually with secateurs or scissors to avoid damaging the growing point, and young leaves in the center can be left.

After cleaning the ridges from the leaves of the iuses, the strawberry plantation looks neat, you can assess the condition of the hearts, the thickening of the planting. It is impossible to delay pruning until the end of August or carry it out in September, until autumn the plants should grow new leaves that will go into winter. Rushing with pruning strawberries is also not worth it, since the bushes, left without protection from the sun, will suffer from the summer heat.

2. Mustache removal on plantings of strawberries of the first and second years they do it regularly all summer. For propagation of strawberries, mustaches are left on three-year-old plants. 1 or 2 mustaches are left from each bush, and there should be two sockets on them, the rest of the length is removed, since only the first sockets are the strongest. For rooting, the sockets on the mustache are pressed to the ground or immediately into dug cups.

3. After pruning the strawberries, the ridges are cleared of mulch . Mulching for strawberries is done in the first half of summer to maintain moisture in the soil, protect against weeds, and the berries on the litter ripen clean. After harvesting the old mulch, the ground between the strawberry bushes is deeply loosened, the bushes are spudded a little, but the center of the hearts is not covered.

4. Fertilizing for strawberries after pruning is necessary to give impetus to the growth of new greenery. Fertilizing strawberries with complex mineral fertilizer can be done simultaneously with loosening; for this, fertilizer is scattered on the garden bed 20 g per 1 sq.m. and with loosening close up deep into the earth. For fertilizing strawberries, you can not use fertilizers that contain chlorine, for example, potassium chloride.

You can replace mineral fertilizer with organic top dressing. Strawberries quickly begin to grow after watering with infusion of chicken manure, for this it is bred 1: 15.

At the end of August or in September, strawberry beds are mulched with compost humus, this layer of mulch is necessary not only for nutrition, but also for protection from the first frosts, and also closes the exposed roots.

5. After pruning, strawberries are regularly watered abundantly once a week if the weather is hot and dry. It is useful to water strawberry beds 1-2 times with a pink solution of potassium permanganate, this will be a prevention against diseases and additional plant nutrition.

6. After picking berries and pruning leaves, strawberries must be treated for diseases and pests . Actellik, Fufafon or Fitoverm will help get rid of the pest complex. When powdery mildew carry out spraying with a solution with the drug Topaz.

Strawberries are the leader among berry crops, requiring increased attention. The goal of care is to get tasty, big, fragrant berries, but you need to start thinking about the future harvest immediately after you finish picking berries this year. This is a crucial time, and one of the important aspects of care is trimming the mustache.

Gardeners, especially beginners, find it difficult to deal with this issue - some believe that this should be done before July 20, others - that not earlier than August, and others generally believe that it is not necessary to remove the leaves.

So after all, do you need to cut strawberries, or not, and when to do it?

Let's weigh all the pros and cons

Each of us knows that strawberries have a lot of whiskers. Of course, all varieties are different. There are those who have few mustaches, and there are completely beardless. After the last berry is picked from the plantation, you must not forget your way here until next summer.

Strawberries reproduce with a mustache, so the berry bush will not suffer from pruning. The "green mass" will quickly be restored, and perhaps there will be even more of it than before. But, despite this, there are skeptics who consider this procedure meaningless, useless and even harmful to the plant. Here are just a few of their arguments.

Strawberry leaves, like any other plant, are involved in the process of photosynthesis, due to them its respiration is carried out. By depriving the bush of such important organs, we deprive the strawberries of “oxygen”, which means that the bush will meet the winter unprepared.
It makes no sense to trim the leaves in order to get rid of pests and spores of the fungus, since the latter still crumble to the ground from the leaves, quietly winter there and are taken in the spring for their previous work.

Surely, you have noticed more than once that strawberry leaves have a healthy appearance only for the first two months, then they turn red, spots, “rust” and other signs of dying appear on them. Such aged leaves must be removed in a timely manner to allow young green leaves to grow.

Whether pruning is part of your plans or not, it is imperative to fight pests and harmful bacteria. To do this, the soil is sprayed with special preparations or sprinkled with ash.

So, after weighing all the pros and cons, we will still make a choice in favor of cropping, but before we get to work, let's find out how to do it right.

Let's start cutting

There is no exact timeline for pruning. It all depends on the weather conditions of the area, the characteristics of the variety and many other factors. You need to understand that after this procedure, enough time must pass for new shoots to grow and strengthen before the onset of cold weather.

Most often, mustaches are trimmed after harvesting, in the Krasnodar Territory, for example, this is done in June, in middle lane Russia in July, in some areas - in early August. From the moment the picking of berries is completed, no more less than a month, but it is also not worth delaying, otherwise the bushes will not overwinter. As practice shows, late pruning reduces yield by 30-35%. Sometimes pruning is postponed until some disease, such as brown spot, has been destroyed. It should be noted that it is not easy to deal with it, it is worth considering, it may be more expedient to replace the bushes with others, healthy ones, especially if the degree of damage is more than 50%.

The weather should be dry and warm, but not hot, the best time for this - morning or evening.

Before work, it is better to treat the tool with any disinfectant, secateurs or scissors must be sharp. It is strictly forbidden to pick off the mustache with your hands, you can damage the root.

They remove not only darkened, dry and pest-damaged mustaches, but also absolutely healthy ones. The leaves can be cut to the very base, but the “growth point” must be preserved, otherwise new shoots will not appear. If you planted bushes this year, then it will be enough to get rid of yellow and dry leaves.

First of all, they get rid of sluggish, drooping leaves; in older plants, you can completely remove all the leaves. Strong, green tendrils with healthy rosettes are left, if they are dug in, they will give roots. If the propagation of strawberries is not included in your plans, you need to remove all the mustaches, since thickening will negatively affect the yield.

If the color of the leaves in your area has changed, they have become red, orange and spots have appeared on them, they must be removed. So you protect yourself next year from the invasion of pests. The purpose of autumn pruning is to help the plant overwinter. Summer pruning is carried out in order to rejuvenate the bushes, this is done so that they are better blown by the wind and illuminated by the sun.

Can the leaves be cut?

Some summer residents, especially if the strawberry plantations are large, prefer to take a scythe and mow the leaves with a scythe. Are they doing the right thing? Experienced gardeners believe that if the plantation was planted three to four years ago, then this method can be used. It is also appropriate to use a scythe if your planting is running, and there are more than enough diseases and pests on it. In this case, after cutting the leaves, the area is sprayed with a fungicide or other special preparation. In order for the leaves to grow as quickly as possible, strawberries will need to be fed.

If the planting is young, the bushes are green, there are no signs of disease, then by mowing the bushes, you can cause their depletion, which will not have the best effect on the future harvest.

Pruning remontant strawberries

Care, including pruning, for remontant varieties is the same as for ordinary ones. "Thinning" should be competent, because the more green mass you remove, the larger the berries will be next year. But you need to cut not at the very root, up to 9 stems should remain on a two-year-old bush, only then sweet and juicy fruits will ripen on it. Mustaches are removed simultaneously with the collection of berries. Before the onset of cold weather, old, diseased bushes are removed from the site.

How to prune diseased bushes

If pests are present on the site, for example, strawberry mites, the leaves are stained, they have holes, all leaf plates are removed to the base of the leaf, even young ones. The thing is that the petiole is the place where the spores of diseases feel comfortable, but you can’t touch the heart of the bush, otherwise the bush will hurt for a long time. Of course, pathogenic microbes will remain on the legs of the leaves, on the ground. But process chemicals a plantation with pruned bushes will be much easier.

When bushes planted in different years, then pruning starts with young ones, old ones are cut last. This sequence is very important, it eliminates the possibility of infection of healthy bushes with strawberry mites, which are easily transferred from one bush to another with a tool or clothing.

Where to put the damaged parts of plants? They are collected, removed from the site, buried or burned.

Further care

Care after harvesting is to prepare the bushes for the cold and fruiting for the next year.

When excess leaves and mustaches are removed, weeds are pulled out and taken out of the site. The earth on the site should be loosened, poured with a pink solution of manganese. By the way, a manganese solution will be appropriate if you are transplanting a bush that is not quite healthy, or if you are planting a healthy plant where diseased bushes used to grow.

After that, top dressing (mineral or organic fertilizers) is applied and the soil around the “rejuvenated” bushes is covered with wood ash. If possible, apply manure. At first, strawberries are watered every day, or once every two days, so that moisture is present in the area. With the advent of young foliage, there will no longer be a need for such an amount of moisture, but the earth should not dry out.

The better you take care of the bushes, the greater the harvest of berries, they will thank you. Bushes with enough leaves will be covered with snow, which means that their roots will not die from frost. Thus, the more young leaves have time to grow before winter, the stronger the root will be in spring, which means that more berries will ripen on each bush.

If your area has cold winters, the bush will need to be sprinkled with needles, walnut leaves, or covered with covering material.

It happens that when picking berries, we notice gray rot on them. Do not forget, after the crop is harvested, treat all the bushes with Bordeaux liquid or another fungicide.

Pruning after harvest will have a positive effect on the quality and quantity of berries. This will boost her immune system. And if remontant varieties are planted on your site, then you will enjoy not one, but two harvests of delicious, fragrant and useful berries. Take care of this amazing berry correctly, and this culture will thank you with a rich harvest of juicy, fragrant, tasty and healthy berries.

At the end of summer, strawberries run out of leaf growth resources. They need to be cut off, especially those with reddening stems - this is a sign that the plant cannot provide them with nutrients. On old bushes, which are 3 - 4 years old, the foliage is cut off completely. Do not be afraid of this, as there is a saving of minerals and next year the berry bushes will again bring a big harvest. But this fall, you still need to think about how to feed strawberries after harvest.

A prerequisite for the rapid growth of shoots in the spring and the appearance of a large number of buds is top dressing of strawberries in August after pruning. From them, ovaries are subsequently formed.

How strawberries are processed in the fall for the winter

In order for all the ovaries to survive until autumn and bear fruit, care must be carried out regularly during the entire growing season. It consists in the timely removal of dry leaves and mustaches. The tendrils that the bush throws out take a lot of nutrients, taking them away from the ripening berries.

Pruning in the summer is done with scissors or secateurs. Cut shoots are not thrown away if you need to propagate the garden. They are added dropwise for a while, in order to plant them on their own in the fall. permanent place. Until autumn they will develop root system and take root in a new place without problems.

This method of planting strawberries in August with a mustache requires the use of fertilizers - organic or mineral. Bushes are watered with manure infusion or a diluted mixture of a complex mineral mixture, for example, containing potassium and phosphorus. It is better not to use nitrogen supplements so that young seedlings do not grow. This will not allow her to winter well. The main thing that needs to develop is the root system.

The best way to feed a strawberry mustache in September for seedlings is ash from tree branches, straw, tops and grass. It does not contain nitrogen, only phosphorus, potassium, calcium and trace elements.

When a place is chosen for planting a new bed, it is cleared of weeds, loosened, apply fertilizer:

Compost- the most useful mixture of organic matter, soil, superphosphates.

Humus- lying manure of cattle. Applied by adding to each hole at planting. Under the influence of soil microorganisms, it turns into nutritious humus.

Infusion of chicken manure. The substance must be insisted for at least a week so that excess ammonia disappears and does not damage the roots of young strawberry seedlings.

mineral fertilizers. They are introduced to feed young strawberries in August based on the dosages in the instructions for one well.

siderates. If a this method is used by the owners of the site, it also disinfects the soil and at the same time feeds the plants with organic matter, which decomposes in the soil.

No more than two young rosettes can be left on the mother strawberry bush. The rest are cut off and planted in a nutritious soil mixture.

Caring for old strawberry bushes

Fertilizing for strawberries after fruiting should begin towards the end of the season so that all the berries ripen. The next step is sorting. Shrubs that are over 4 years old should be removed by the roots and thrown into compost. The largest increase in yield is given by 2-3 year old plants.

Work order:

Removing old leaves from bushes. Experienced gardeners practice full mowing of greenery.

Weed weeding.

Moisturizing the soil and watering with a nutrient mixture.

Mulching with straw or green manure.

Video: Care for strawberries after harvest

How to feed strawberries after cutting leaves:

Ammophoska. You can use dry granules by sprinkling them evenly under the roots, then water the soil so that the fertilizer dissolves and enters the soil.

Kemira for berries. Dig a hole around the bush and sprinkle with granules. Pour water and cover with a layer of soil.

Furnace ash. Make an extract, fill the substance with boiling water and insist 2 - 3 days.

Green manure in the form of a solution or in a beveled form. Place chopped nettles or other plants that are used as green manure in a bucket. Pour in water and leave for 2 weeks until it begins to ferment. With the resulting infusion, treat each strawberry bush under the root after fruiting and pruning.

So that the plants do not get sick and are not damaged by pests, autumn feeding of strawberries after pruning includes treatment with urea 30 g per bucket of water.

Cheap Strawberry Fertilizing Methods

Green manure plantings on suburban area This is a way to save on the purchase of fertilizers. Siderates restore the fertile layer and give the plants all the necessary nutrients - potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen. The advantage of the method is that it is suitable for all garden crops, including garden strawberries.

Green mass is used in different ways:

cut and dig with soil - in the case of strawberries, this must be done carefully so as not to damage the root system with a shovel or flat cutter;

mulch berry bushes with greenery;

prepare an infusion and water the strawberry garden, which feed it after fruiting for the next harvest.

Mulching is the safest and most useful way in every way. Firstly, you don’t need to waste your energy on digging up the earth, simply by laying the mulch between the rows. By spring, she herself will rot and the food will get to the roots of the bushes.

Secondly, the work of the soil microflora, which dies when digging from ultraviolet rays, is not disturbed. Thirdly, the mulch warms the roots in winter and the plants survive even at very low temperatures.

Fourthly, plant residues retain snow and moisture in spring, enabling plants to grow faster. green mass. Fifth, mulch prevents weeds from spreading, which reduces manual labor costs and preserves nutrients for strawberries.

Variety Victoria - how to feed in the fall

Victoria strawberries are the most popular and unpretentious variety, but to obtain annual crops, they also need care, which consists in periodic cutting of the whiskers, watering, transplanting as needed and treatment against diseases and pests. The variety belongs to the remontant and bears fruit only once per season.

With the right agricultural technology, more than 1 kg of berries can be obtained from one bush in one season. For proper care it is better to use the method of O. Ganichkina for feeding strawberries after fruiting:

Fertilizing Victoria in the fall is carried out with natural fertilizers to restore the fertile layer.

It is necessary to mulch with plant materials - sawdust, straw, green manure, peat.

Feeding remontant strawberries after fruiting begins in July, so that the plant gains strength before wintering. During this period, generative buds are being laid, which will provide a harvest next year. It is important that these buds receive nutrition and do not degenerate, then the promised kilogram of berries from the bush will definitely ripen.

autumn before feeding victoria need to pour up to 10 liters of water per 1 square meter to moisten the soil well and deeply. Then you can prepare a working solution of fertilizers and water the bushes. The roots of strawberries are deep enough - up to 30 cm, so you need a lot of liquid.

So that the strawberry mite does not disturb in the spring, in the fall it is necessary to shed the seedlings with a preparation from pests, preferably natural - Fitovir or its analogues. In the spring, when the growing leaves are deformed, repeat the treatment.

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