Installation of three-layer wall panels. Exterior and interior wall panel constructions More about wall slabs

Wall exterior concrete and reinforced concrete panels have found the widest application in the construction of houses, as well as industrial and public facilities. Their appearance, more than 50 years ago, was a real breakthrough in construction and made it possible to reduce the period of building construction by several times.

Types of reinforced concrete panels

Reinforced concrete is a monolith of steel reinforcement and concrete. The interaction of these materials is very effective. Concrete stone reliably adheres to metal, protecting it well from rusting. These components complement each other in terms of resistance to different loads.

The resulting structures have significant strength, and only a high-tech tool can help in their processing. Recently, diamond drilling of holes in concrete has become in demand.

Note!
The volume of reinforced concrete products is mainly occupied by cheap raw materials - gravel, crushed stone, sand.
Therefore, their price is relatively low.

What varieties exist

Reinforced concrete products are divided into:

• prestressed products;
• analogues reinforced by the usual method.

By density (specific gravity) and brand of concrete:

• super heavy ones from 2.5 t/m³;
• heavy analogues, with a density of 1.8/2.5 t/m³;
• light, their specific gravity is up to 1.8 t/m³;
• ultralight products, their density is 0.7 t/m³.

According to their structure, reinforced concrete wall panels are divided into:

• monolithic;
• hollow;
• made from one type of solution;
• made from different types mixtures.

Reinforced concrete products can be intended:

• for residential and public buildings;
• for production facilities;
• for engineering structures.

Production Methods

The production of panels is carried out at the factories of reinforced concrete products using different methods.

1. Bench technology is designed for the manufacture of large-sized products. The solution is poured into fixed molds. Special units: concrete pavers and vibrators, in turn, approach the stands and perform technological steps.
2. The cassette method is a modification of the previous method. The panels are produced in fixed cassettes, which consist of several steel compartments. A frame of reinforcement is placed in the mold, then it is filled with concrete. Heat treatment is carried out by contact, through the walls of the cassettes.

After heating, the walls of the molds are removed, and the panels are removed by an overhead crane. This method produces flat products: wall structures and analogues for ceilings.

1. With flow-aggregate technology, molds for products move along the chain from one mechanism to the next. Wet and heat treatment is carried out continuously.
2. With the vibro-rolling method, the entire production cycle takes place on a single installation of the in-line principle of operation (vibro-rolling mill). It is a conveyor consisting of rubber-protected steel.

Its tape moves through technological posts. They take place: installation of a frame made of reinforcement, concrete pouring, its compaction by vibration and heat treatment. The instruction recommends that this method be used to produce partition and ceiling panels, as well as external wall slabs made of lightweight concrete.

Technical requirements

For wall tiles state standards make the most stringent demands.

1. Accuracy of standard dimensions, as well as geometric shape.
2. Optimal design of joints and nodes.
3. The exact location of mortgages.
4. Compliance with the standard size and mass of reinforced concrete products with the capabilities of transport and lifting machines.

Note!
A house made of reinforced concrete panels should be constructed from products whose dimensions lie within the limits of deviations and tolerances.
They are determined by GOST No. 130/15.4/84.

1. The dimensions of the mortgages in them must comply with the standard values, the error should not exceed 0.5 cm.
2. Allowable axial displacement of mortgages is not more than 1 cm.
3. These elements should be flush with the plane of the panels or above it - no more than 0.3 cm.

More about wall tiles

Large wall slabs were designed to speed up the pace of construction. For example, a cottage made of reinforced concrete panels can be built in just 2 weeks.

Advantages of reinforced concrete products

The popularity of reinforced concrete panels in mass construction, in addition to the high pace of work, is also explained by their other advantages:

• high strength;
• good bearing capacity;
• acceptable level of thermal insulation;
• 100% fire resistant;
• resistance to temperature changes;
• durability of operation.

Types of panel construction

Panel construction can be frame and frameless.

It depends on which wall slabs are used: enclosing and bearing or only enclosing.

1. In frameless buildings, the load of the floors is carried by the wall panels themselves.
2. In frame analogues, the supporting functions are performed by frames. Wall plates are used for zoning, fencing, sound and heat insulation.

Factories produce panels, both for external and internal walls.

1. According to the structure, external slabs are divided into three categories: single-layer, made from cellular or lightweight concrete and consisting of two or three layers. The latter are made of heavy types of concrete and heat insulator.
2. Outside, the structures are covered with facade ceramic tiles, decorative mortar, weather-resistant paints, etc. The inside of the boards is trimmed and prepared for finishing.
3. The height of wall reinforced concrete panels is equal to the height of one floor. Their width extends to 1/2 room (300/720 cm), the thickness can be 20/50 cm. Dimensions of reinforced concrete wall panels for partitions correspond to the dimensions of the premises. Their thickness is 3/16 cm.

Classification of wall slabs

There are different divisions of panels into categories, based on the underlying principle: typical features, purpose, structure, composition of the material.

Plate construction

Manufactured panels are divided into monolithic and composite counterparts.

In turn, layered products can be solid or have layers of air.

1. Single-layer analogues are made of homogeneous concrete with low thermal conductivity. The thickness of their outer part is 2/4 cm. Inside, the plate is decorated with lining.
2. Two-layer plates have a continuous structure. Their bearing layer is made of reinforced concrete mortar. This is the inner part of the panel, which additionally plays the role of a vapor barrier. The outer heat-shielding layer is covered with a cement-sand mortar.
3. Reinforced concrete three-layer panels are made of two slabs interconnected by a welded reinforcement frame. A heater is laid between them.

According to the bearing capacity, wall slabs are divided into:

• self-supporting products;
• carrier analogues.
• hanging panels.

partition panels

1. These large-sized slabs have a floor height and a length of up to 600 cm. They are intended for the construction of prefabricated buildings.

Note!
For the production of partition panels, ordinary or gypsum concrete with high strength should be used.
The material must have good water resistance and frost resistance.

1. Such slabs are reinforced with iron wire mesh or rods made of thermally and mechanically resistant steel, class A / III, AT / IIIC. All steel parts of the product must be coated with anti-corrosion primer.

Single layer boards

1. For the production of single-layer wall panels, concrete is used, which has a homogeneous structure and a high level of thermal insulation. Most often it is a light (cellular) material.
2. The outer side of the slabs is covered with a layer of cladding, 2/4 cm thick, to protect them from atmospheric influences.
3. How to finish the interior, various plasters, tiles, etc. are used.

Two-layer panels

1. The two-layer variety of plates, as a rule, has a continuous structure. The first carrier layer is made of dense reinforced concrete. The other layer is insulating.
2. It is located on the outside and covered with a cement-sand mortar.
3. The carrier layer is located inside the premises and at the same time serves as a vapor barrier.

Three-layer type of products

Most of all, reinforced concrete three-layer wall panels are now in demand.

1. The basis of the three-layer plate is the outer bearing side, the inner panel is attached to it with reinforcement. Due to the gap between them, heat losses in the structure are reduced.
2. Mineral wool, cement-based fiberboard, foam silicate, polyurethane can serve as a heat insulator in such products.
3. Three-layer slabs have standard sizes and vary in thickness. It is chosen by the designers based on the climate conditions of the area and the thermal parameters of the building.
4. This type of panels is made from a mixture of either heavy types of concrete with a class of at least B-12.5.
5. Reinforce products with welded meshes or bulk steel frames. All metal parts plates are protected with anti-corrosion primers.
6. The characteristics of three-layer panels for walls are determined by the standards of GOST No. 31310/2005 and GOST No. 13015/2003.
7. If it is necessary to process the slabs during their installation, cutting of reinforced concrete with diamond wheels is carried out.

Product dimensions

1. The main criterion for choosing wall plates with your own hands is their size. They must be specified in the design of the building, taking into account its structural schemes and floor plans.
2. Dimensions and thickness, size and number of openings, specifications panels are determined based on the project.
3. Typical dimensions of slabs for residential buildings: height is one floor, width is one or two rooms. External panels have door and window openings. Plates for partitions are solid or have doorways.
4. Panels for industrial facilities have a length of 6 meters, 9 and 12.

Note!
The thickness of the wall slabs should be chosen based on the climate conditions in your area.
Also have great importance thermal performance of the building materials used.
Manufacturers produce products with a thickness of 20/50 centimeters

Product labeling

Panels are marked with letters and numbers through a dash.

1. The first group indicates the type of plate and its dimensions: length, height (in decimeters), thickness (in centimeters).
2. The following fragment defines the class and type of concrete: L - light, T - heavy, R - cellular.
3. The third part reports on the additional qualities of the product.

For example:

• seismic resistance is more than 7 points - C;
• frost resistance below -40 degrees - M;
• permeability: especially low - O, reduced - P, normal - N.

This group of brands includes indications of the design properties of products:

• their form;
• end configuration;
• type and location of openings, if any;
• the shape of the strobe (if present) at the junctions of adjacent elements;
• type and location of rebar outlets and embeds;
• the presence of a reinforcing structure to reduce loads due to uneven foundation deformations.

Let's give an example of marking: PST 598-300-20.

• PST - three-layer wall panel;

598 cm - its length;

300 cm - its height;

20 cm is its width.

Conclusion

Reinforced concrete panels of fences, walls and ceilings are an integral part of modern mass construction. The use of new technologies, materials and design solutions in their manufacture makes it possible to optimize the construction of buildings.

If you get acquainted with the video in this article, you will get a lot more useful information.

Reinforced concrete exterior wall panels are most often made in a single-row cut, that is, one floor high and one or two rooms long, and in terms of design they are single-layer, two-layer and three-layer (Fig. 3.4 and 3.5). All wall panels are supplied with lifting loops and embedded parts for fastening one panel to another and for connections with other structural elements of buildings.

a) Single-layer reinforced concrete exterior wall panels

Such panels are made of lightweight structural heat-insulating concrete on porous aggregates or from autoclaved cellular concrete (Fig. 3.5). On the outside, single-layer panels are covered with a protective and finishing layer of cement mortar 20–25 mm or 50–70 mm thick, and on the inside with a finishing layer 10–15 mm thick, i.e. such panels can be conventionally called “single-layer”. The thickness of the outer protective and finishing layers is prescribed depending on the natural and climatic conditions of the construction area, and they are made from vapor-permeable decorative solutions or concretes or from ordinary solutions with subsequent painting. Finishing the outer facade layer can also be done with ceramic, glass tiles or thin sawn stone tiles or crushed stone materials.

Rice. 3.4. Exterior reinforced concrete one-, two- and three-layer wall panels:

a - single-layer; b - two-layer; c - three-layer; 1 - lightweight structural and heat-insulating concrete; 2 - outer protective and finishing layer; 3 - structural concrete; 4 - effective insulation

Rice. 3.5. Components of cross-sections of external reinforced concrete wall panels: a - with an external protective and finishing layer; b - with outer protective-finishing and inner finishing layers; c - from cellular concrete; d - two-layer with an internal carrier layer; e - three-layer with rigid connections between concrete layers; e - three-layer with flexible connections between the layers; 1 - structural heat-insulating or cellular concrete; 2 - outer protective and finishing layer; 3 - internal finishing layer; 4 - outer and inner carrier layers; 5 - lightweight heat-insulating concrete; 6 - fittings; 7 and 8 - flexible connection elements made of anti-corrosion steel; 9 - effective insulation; δ - the thickness of the insulation layer

Single-layer panels are reinforced along the contour with a welded mesh frame, and above the window openings - with a welded spatial frame. To prevent the opening of cracks in the corners of the openings, cross rods or L-shaped grids are laid outside (Fig. 3.6).

Single-layer panels from autoclaved cellular concrete cannot be made in height for the entire storey wall and walls with linear tape cutting are made from them. The fittings of such panels are protected from corrosion by coating with an anti-corrosion compound.

Rice. 3.6. Scheme of reinforcement of a single-layer lightweight concrete panel of the outer wall:

1 - jumper frame; 2 - lifting loop; 3 - reinforcing cage; 4 - L-shaped reinforcing mesh in the façade

Due to the high vapor permeability of lightweight concrete and, in connection with this, the possibility of water vapor condensation inside single-layer panels and its freezing at low outdoor temperatures, it is advisable to use such panels for buildings with low relative humidity of indoor air (no more than 60%). The thickness of single-layer panels is 240–320 mm, but not more than 400 mm.

b) Two-layer reinforced concrete exterior wall panels

Two-layer wall panels consist of an inner bearing layer made of heavy or lightweight structural concrete and an outer insulating layer of structural and heat-insulating lightweight concrete. The thickness of the inner carrier layer is at least 100 mm, and the thickness of the outer insulating layer is determined by the calculation for thermal protection. Outside, two-layer wall panels have a protective and finishing layer of cement mortar 20–25 mm thick with the same finish as in single-layer panels.

Since the internal load-bearing layer of dense concrete in two-layer panels has low vapor permeability, such panels can be used in buildings with high relative humidity of the indoor air. Reinforcement of two-layer wall panels is performed similarly to single-layer panels, i.e., the reinforcement cage is placed in the bearing and insulating concrete layers, but the working reinforcement of the lintels is placed in the bearing concrete layer. The total thickness of two-layer wall panels is not more than 400 mm (Figure 3.7).

c) Three-layer reinforced concrete outer wall panels

Three-layer external wall panels consist of inner and outer layers made of heavy or dense lightweight structural concrete, between which an insulating layer of effective heat-insulating material is laid. The thickness of the insulating layer is determined by the calculation for thermal protection, and the thicknesses of the inner and outer concrete layers depend on the design of the wall panel and the magnitude of the perceived loads.

The inner layer of the panels is reinforced with a spatial frame, and the outer layer is reinforced with a reinforcing mesh. Depending on the design, three-layer wall panels come with flexible or rigid connections between the inner and outer concrete layers (Fig. 3.5 and 3.8). Flexible connections are metal rods in the form of vertical suspensions and horizontal struts connecting the reinforcing cage of the inner layer and the reinforcing mesh of the outer layer of the wall panel, i.e. they are fixed by welding or tied to the spatial reinforcing cage of the inner layer and the reinforcing mesh of the outer layer. Metal rods of flexible connections are made of corrosion-resistant steel or they have an anti-corrosion coating in the insulation zone.

Flexible links ensure independent operation of the concrete layers of the wall panel and exclude thermal forces between the layers. The outer layer in panels with flexible connections performs enclosing functions and its thickness must be at least 50 mm. The thickness of the inner layer in three-layer panels with flexible connections in load-bearing and self-supporting wall panels is at least 80 mm, and in non-bearing panels - at least 65 mm.

Fig 3.7. Two-layer concrete panel of the outer wall: 1 and 2 - embedded parts for fixing heating radiators; 3 - lifting loops; 4 - reinforcing cage; 5 - inner carrier layer; 6 - outer protective and finishing layer; 7 - drain; 8 - window sill; 9 - lightweight concrete heat-insulating layer; H- floor height; AT– panel length; h– panel thickness; δ – thickness of the heat-insulating layer

In three-layer wall panels with rigid links, the inner and outer concrete layers are connected using vertical and horizontal reinforced concrete ribs. Rigid links ensure the joint static work of the concrete layers of wall panels and protect the connecting reinforcing bars from corrosion. Connecting reinforcing bars are placed in concrete bracing ribs and they are attached by welding or tied to the reinforcing cage of the inner layer and the reinforcing mesh of the outer layer.

The disadvantage of the device of rigid connections in the outer wall panels is the through heat-conducting inclusions formed by the ribs, which can lead to condensation on the inner surface of the walls. To reduce the effect of thermal conductivity of the ribs on the temperature of the inner surface of the walls, they are made with a thickness of no more than 40 mm and preferably from lightweight concrete, and the inner concrete layer is thickened to 80–120 mm. The thickness of the outer layer is at least 50 mm. Exterior finishing of three-layer wall panels is carried out in the same way as one- and two-layer ones. In all panels of external walls, embedded parts for fastening to other structural elements are placed in the carrier layer.

Rice. 3.8. Three-layer concrete panels of external walls and connections of their concrete layers:

a – arrangement of flexible connections; b - the same rigid connections: 1 - suspension; 2 - spacer; 3 - brace; 4 - rib made of concrete of the outer layers; 5 - light concrete rib; 6 - inner concrete layer; 7 - outer concrete layer; 8 - reinforcing cage of the inner layer; 9 - reinforcing mesh of the outer layer; 10 - rib reinforcement; 11 - effective insulation

The elevator shaft is equipped with embedded elements for the subsequent assembly of the structure located along the entire height of the building. In some cases, mortgages are not included in the design, then the blocks are mounted on expansion dowels. The use of tubing makes it possible to apply the in-line method of installing elevators in any type of construction.
Since the installation of elevator shaft blocks can be carried out in buildings in buildings with different ceiling heights, structures of different sizes are produced, as well as additional elements.
The task of reinforced concrete products is to ensure the safe comfortable movement of people inside the building, therefore, the quality of materials, the accuracy of compliance with design requirements and professional installation are given Special attention. In order for the elevator cabins to move freely inside the shaft, the following parameters must be observed during the manufacture of reinforced concrete products:

Precise geometry;
- the absence of visible defects - cracks, shells;
- the absence of parts of the reinforcement that are not covered with a layer of concrete of the required thickness.

Features of elevator shafts

Products are designed taking into account the location of the elevator counterweight - behind or to the side of the elevator cabin. The main characteristics of reinforced concrete elevator shafts are:

High strength characteristics;
- wear resistance and durability - the service life of the mine is several decades and is comparable to the service life of the main load-bearing structures building;
- fire resistance. Fire resistance limit - 1 hour or more;
- simple installation and high maintainability;
- resistance to moisture.

The installation of elevator shafts helps to strengthen the main structures of the building and increase its stability.

Elevator Shaft Marking

Like any concrete products of mass demand, the product is subject to mandatory labeling. Alphanumeric designations are applied to the inner surface of the block located behind the elevator cabin.
Designations ShL stand for elevator shafts. The next letter characterizes the type of lift. L - passenger elevator; G - freight elevator.
The numbers after the letters indicate the dimensions of the block. Also, the marking may indicate the presence of additional structural elements and mortgages.

Delivery Lift shafts

Delivery of elevator shafts is carried out by our own transport in Moscow, Moscow, Oryol, Ryazan, Kaluga and other regions of Russia! Delivery calculation can be ordered in the Delivery section.

When delivering an elevator shaft, precautions must be observed. It is allowed to transport heavy cargo according to GOST only in a horizontal position in special vehicles. When loading / unloading, it is forbidden to move several pieces. Exception: rigging with special devices, where it is allowed to lift several products at the same time.

When stored for open ground a gasket with a thickness of at least 10 cm is placed at the base of the stack, a drain for water is required.

Lift shafts price in Moscow

Lift shafts price per piece. The price depends on their size, thickness, presence / absence of reinforcing additives, reinforcement. In order not to overpay for the goods, it is advisable to order elevator shafts directly from the manufacturer, PSK Perspektiva LLC. So you will receive certified reinforced concrete products with a laboratory conclusion and at the best cost.

Our company can offer you the best balance between quality and cost.

Our price list can be requested to place an order in the section of the site that interests you.

Come and see the prices and make sure that cooperation with us will be beneficial for you.

Our factory LLC PSK "Perspektiva" has been operating since October 2003.

Buy Elevator shafts at the reinforced concrete plant

It is profitable to buy elevator shafts without intermediaries at the Perspektiva reinforced concrete plant. New lift shafts are always available in our warehouses. Now we are increasing production capacity and looking for new reliable partners.

If you are serious about cooperation, please contact us by phone numbers listed in the "Contacts" tab.

Modern three-layer wall panels with PIR insulation, manufactured under the KROHN brand, are also intended for the construction of walls at various facilities. Due to the presence of high-quality insulation inside the panel, this building material has excellent thermal insulation characteristics. But no less important advantage is the ease of assembling an object from sandwich panels.

Three-layer wall panels with PIR insulation

The KRON group of companies sells PIR wall sandwich panels in Moscow. They can be of different thickness (from 30 to 220 mm), have different type profile (beading, stripes, microprofiling, without ribs) and any color according to the RAL scale.

To ensure perfect butt joints during the installation of three-layer wall panels with insulation, a reliable tongue-and-groove lock or a double-thorn-groove labyrinth connection is used during the production process. Due to this, the stability of the structure is increased and the possibility of the formation of "cold bridges" is excluded.

Benefits of sandwich panel construction

Technical characteristics of KROHN PIR sandwich panels:

Fully complying with the requirements of standards, technology and GOST for multi-storey buildings, we have added a number of improvements regarding freer layouts, increased heat savings, appearance, the quality of production and installation of panels, so that your home has the best performance modern private house.

EXTERIOR WALL PANELS

Reinforced concrete panels for building a house (External three-layer reinforced concrete wall panels) are made according to individual design drawings, in accordance with the requirements of the current GOST 31310-2015 "Three-layer reinforced concrete wall panels with effective insulation." High-rise multi-storey panel houses are built from the same panels.

Three-layer reinforced concrete panel consists of three layers:

External protective and decorative reinforced concrete layer 70 mm thick.

The middle layer of effective insulation with a thickness of 200-400 mm.

Internal bearing reinforced concrete layer 120 mm thick.

The inner and outer reinforced concrete layers are made of heavy concrete of class B25 on crushed granite and steel reinforcement of class A500C. Depending on the design calculations, a double mesh of reinforcement is laid in inner layer and single in the outer.

The outer and inner reinforced concrete layers are connected to each other using rigid diagonal ties made of PD and PPA stainless steel from the Finnish manufacturer Peikko Group.

The thickness of the middle layer of insulation is determined thermotechnical calculation and can be up to 400 mm. In the basic configuration of houses from the INPANS company, the insulation in the panels has a thickness of 200 mm. With an EPPS insulation thickness of 200 mm, the heat transfer resistance coefficient of the wall is 5.97 (m².˚C)/W, which is 2 times higher than the Russian requirements for heat saving and meets more stringent European standards.

As a heater, we use materials that have the appropriate certificates, confirming their safety and service life in three-layer reinforced concrete panels for at least 50 years:

Extruded polystyrene foam (EPS). This insulation has one of the lowest thermal conductivity among other similar products. It is characterized by chemical resistance, high compressive strength, water and steam impermeability, as well as resistance to mold and mildew. Thus, extruded polystyrene foam not only provides thermal insulation, but also effectively prevents the impact of a number of other destructive and negative factors.

Stone wool. For three-layer reinforced concrete panels, we use specially designed high-strength stone wool with vertical and horizontal grooves that form a ventilation gap for ventilation of the insulation and removal of the resulting condensate. Stone wool is a non-combustible material, and the thermal conductivity of stone wool is 20% lower than that of XPS.

*In agreement with the Customer, other types of insulation can be used.

In the construction of a three-layer reinforced concrete wall, any insulation is reliably protected by the outer reinforced concrete layer from possible negative effects on it from the environment (UV radiation, precipitation, and others), and the inner reinforced concrete layer does not allow the constituent substances of the insulation to penetrate inside your house . In addition, the inner reinforced concrete layer will protect the insulation from the consequences of a possible fire.

MANUFACTURE OF WALL PANELS

For the production of reinforced concrete wall panels for the construction of a private house, as well as for multi-storey buildings, modern expensive equipment, which only large precast concrete plants have. Since 2014, the INPANS company has been successfully cooperating with the SiB-center reinforced concrete plant located near St. Petersburg, which is one of the most modernly equipped enterprises in its industry, producing over 250 types of precast concrete products and structures for industrial and civil construction . Also, we have agreements on the production of wall panels with factories located in Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, Kostroma, Novocheboksarsk.

Concrete concrete plant "SiB-center", in particular, has at its disposal six molding tables / pallets measuring 4.25x16.5 m with vibration compaction systems and lifting at an angle of up to 80 degrees, equipped with magnetic side equipment, which are the basis for the production of three-layer and single-layer wall panels .

Wall panel production equipment makes it possible to produce wall panels with any individual characteristics (external dimensions, thickness, dimensions of window and door openings) up to 16 meters long and up to 4 meters high, however, it is usually very expensive to deliver such an oversized cargo to the construction site, and often not possible at all. Therefore, in order to meet the requirements for standard cargo transportation, we manufacture panels a maximum height of 3.32 m (floor height 3.1 m) and maximum length 7.8 m

In most cases, such maximum dimensions are sufficient to implement any house project and minimize the number of interpanel seams, and panel joints should be made in alignment with load-bearing internal walls and / or partitions.

Window and door openings are laid on the basis of the project, their dimensions can be of almost any width and height, in addition, it is possible to make arched openings, round or any other shape.

For installation of windows and doors in window and doorways between reinforced concrete layers is installed wooden plank 50 mm thick over the entire width of the insulation, with the help of fasteners, the board is securely monolithic.

Also, in the outer reinforced concrete layer in the window openings, so-called "quarters" are formed for better installation of windows.

FACADE SOLUTIONS

Taking into account all the results of many years of accumulated experience in the design, construction and operation of large-panel multi-storey buildings, as well as the possibility of using modern materials and approaches to the manufacture of wall panels, the company "INPANS" has tested and is ready to offer you a number of reliable and inexpensive solutions to make the facade of your house expressiveness and individuality:

Forming the outer surface. Before pouring the concrete mix, special matrix sheets imitating various facade materials are laid on the molding table. After pouring and hardening of the concrete mixture, an imprint remains on the outer surface of the panel that exactly repeats not only the contour, but also the texture, for example, brick, stone, wooden beam. Matrix sheets can be made for almost any material. The concrete surface molded in this way will not be erased over time and will always remain unchanged.

To create this texture, a special composition is applied to the outer surface of the panel during the production process, which prevents the hardening of a small layer of concrete 3-5 mm deep. After solidification of the main mass of concrete and raising the panel to a vertical position, the uncured layer is washed off by the pressure of water and the crushed granite present in the concrete mixture appears on the surface. The facade turns out, as it were, sprinkled with small granite pebbles. This solution does not require staining.

Scratched concrete. This texture is created by passing over the surface of only set concrete with special hard brushes. The brushes are left on concrete surface traces-grooves, creating the effect of "scratched concrete". Grooves can be pulled both vertically and horizontally.

Finishing with facade materials. At your request, the outer surface can also be lined with any other facade materials (clinker brick, wooden planken, fiber cement siding, etc.).

Using these textures separately or combining them, you can implement almost any design solution on the facade of your house.

Most of the facade solutions are implemented in the process of manufacturing wall panels; the panels come to the site already with a finished finish.

INTERNAL BEARING PANELS

Internal load-bearing reinforced concrete wall panels are produced on the same equipment as three-layer external panels. They consist of one layer of B25 class heavy concrete and steel reinforcement. The thickness of the internal load-bearing panels, depending on the design solutions, ranges from 120 to 180 mm.

Openings in internal load-bearing walls, as well as in external ones, can be made rectangular, arched or of another shape.

The quality of the inner surface of the outer and inner panels is even and does not require leveling plaster, it is enough to apply finishing putty, or, for example, in the bathroom, immediately glue the tiles. Tolerances for differences along the entire plane of the panel are not more than 3-5 mm.

In addition, unlike walls made of block materials such as brick, gas silicate and other blocks, the inner surface of reinforced concrete panels does not have technological seams and is homogeneous. Cracking is impossible on them, and when decorating walls, the use of a reinforcing mesh is not required.

The joints of the panels inside the house (panel joints) are sealed with concrete during their installation. Corner interpanel seams have a width of only 80-120 mm and are made in the plane of the walls. And we design and make interpanel seams of linear panels in the alignment of load-bearing walls or partitions in order to hide them.

In the manufacture of external and internal reinforced concrete panels, they can be embedded with strobes for electrical wiring and other technological holes according to your project. This greatly simplifies and speeds up the process of laying engineering communications.

For the possibility of a variety of planning solutions, the designers of the INPANS company try to make the minimum number of internal load-bearing walls, and in some solutions you can do without them at all. The main task of internal load-bearing walls is to serve as a support for floor slabs.

FLOOR PLATES

We use proven and reliable multi-hollow floor slabs of the PB and PK brands as interfloor floors. Thanks to modern equipment, PB slabs can be made of any length, while floor slabs with a thickness of 220 mm can cover a span of up to 7 meters, and slabs with a thickness of 265 mm can cover a span of up to 10 meters. The standard floor slab width is 1.2 m.

In addition to the standard width, PB slabs can be cut lengthwise into additional slabs (290, 470, 650, 830, 1010 mm in size). In addition, PB slabs can be cut diagonally without loss of bearing capacity.

If necessary, do balcony slab, a plate with cantilever support or with non-standard holes (for example, for chimneys large diameter) such slabs are made completely monolithic, by analogy with internal bearing walls, according to the relevant drawings with the reinforcement necessary for each specific case.

For large openings in floors hollow core slabs(for example, for a stairway or installation of ventilation shafts) we use standard PETRA® steel brackets from the Finnish manufacturer Peikko Group, which allow you to open an opening up to 2.4 meters wide (the width of 2 standard floor slabs).

The variability of modern floor slabs allows you to perform any space-planning solution for the construction of your house, and their installation takes only a few hours.

DELIVERY AND INSTALLATION OF WALL PANELS

Wall panels are delivered from the factory by panel trucks, a standard panel truck can bring panels with a total length of 2X7.8 meters and a total weight of not more than 20 tons. As a rule, wall panels for two-story house 10x10 meters are delivered by 10 flights of standard panel carriers. As a rule, delivery and installation of wall panels is made in one day.

Important! It is necessary to have or arrange an access road for panel carriers and a platform for a truck crane to the construction site.

Installation of wall panels on the foundation is carried out by a truck crane, which is located between the foundation and panel carriers. The truck crane removes the wall panels from the panel carrier and immediately sets them in the design position on the foundation. The process of installing one panel on average takes 15-20 minutes. And all wall panels of one floor are mounted within one or two days, depending on their number.

Important! The choice of a truck crane is based on the weight of the wall panels and the distance that the panel needs to be moved. In our practice, we have used cranes with a lifting capacity of 25 to 120 tons.

Wall panels are mounted in the design position, previously marked on the foundation, on the underlying mortar layer and fixed on temporary supports (struts):

Immediately after the installation of the wall panels, floor slabs are laid on them, the gaps between the floor slabs are reinforced:

The wall panels are connected to each other by embedding the joints of the inner bearing layer with heavy concrete. To connect the wall panels to each other, steel cable loops from the Finnish manufacturer Peikko Group are laid at the horizontal ends of the carrier layer with a step of 400-500 mm. When wall panels are installed side by side, the cable loops of adjacent panels intersect, forming a node into which the reinforcement is inserted.

With this technology of joining the inner reinforced concrete layer of wall panels, the interpanel seam becomes airtight, it does not let wind or moisture from the street through.

After setting concrete in monolithic sections, temporary supports (struts) are removed and you can proceed with the installation of panels of the next floor.

This wall panel installation technology is also used in the construction of modern multi-storey prefabricated buildings, and is rightfully considered the most advanced in the industry.

Wall panels practically do not shrink, and to interior decoration You can start immediately after the completion of construction and installation work.

PANEL JOINTS

After embedding, the internal bearing reinforced concrete layer completely excludes the penetration of moisture and wind into the house from the street, a strip of mineral wool or this place is being filled mounting foam. Then, a foamed polyethylene bundle is inserted into the alignment of the outer reinforced concrete layer and a sealant for interpanel joints is applied on top, which can be painted in the color of the facade. Unlike multi-storey buildings, for our houses we make seams only 20-25 mm wide.

To hide the interpanel seams outside the house, they can simply be painted in the same color as the facade, or covered, for example, with corner clinker or fiber cement tiles, or other materials can be used.

INTERIOR PARTITIONS

Non-load-bearing internal walls (partitions) can be made of any materials you wish. The company "INPANS" offers to make partitions from moisture-resistant full-bodied tongue-and-groove slabs (GWP). Partitions can be made of single-layered 80 or 100 mm thick PGP, as well as multi-layered with a layer of mineral wool between two partitions to increase sound insulation between rooms.

The term of installation of internal partitions is 1-2 weeks, and is carried out simultaneously with the installation of the attic floor and roof.

ATTIC FLOOR

If you have a cold attic in your house, attic floor performed according to wooden beams with a step of 600 mm, between which a layer of insulation (mineral wool) 200 mm thick is laid, then another layer of mineral wool 100 mm thick is laid crosswise on top of the ceiling.

Thus, the total thickness of the insulation is 300 mm, such insulation is included in the basic package of our houses.

From below, the overlap is hemmed with a vapor barrier film to prevent moisture from entering the insulation from inside the room.

PITCHED ROOF

The pitched roof is carried out along wooden rafters, then a wind-moisture protective membrane, a crate and a counter-crate are attached. Depending on your wishes and architectural solutions, finish coating is arranged. The most common are metal or soft shingles.

When choosing roof finish materials, we recommend using only quality materials with validated manufacturer's warranty.

FLAT ROOF

Device flat roof made on reinforced concrete floor slabs, with the installation of reinforced concrete parapets around the entire perimeter of the house. The ceiling is insulated with extruded polystyrene foam, a slope is made, the lower layer of waterproofing and a double layer of upper waterproofing. Drainage funnels, ventilation and chimney channels are also arranged.

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