How to spray cucumbers from spider mites. How to get rid of spider mites in a greenhouse on cucumbers

Almost every gardener grows cucumbers, but this culture is not as simple as it might seem. In addition to the requirements for heat, humidity, soil nutrition, cucumbers are also known for easily picking up diseases and are often affected by pests. One of the most dangerous of them is the spider mite: it is able to multiply very quickly, and it is not very easy to deal with it.

Spider mite on cucumbers: what kind of pest is it and why is it dangerous

To save the cucumber crop from the invasion of the tick, it must be detected in time, and this is not easy to do. On each visit to the site, the owner should carefully examine the leaves of cucumbers, having previously familiarized themselves with how the spider mite looks.

The appearance of the spider mite, the degree of its danger

To see a spider mite, you must have excellent eyesight, or at least a good magnifying glass. This is a very small creature, its size is less than a millimeter. The mite is colored brown-orange, has four pairs of legs. Tick ​​larvae have one pair of legs less. They are painted in a greenish color, which in some places gradually turns into a brownish.

At high magnification, you can also see the paws of the tick

Ticks spend winter in the soil, and creep out to the surface of the beds closer to summer, when the amount of greenery necessary for their feeding grows. AT summer time they feel best in hot and very dry weather (at a temperature of about 30 ° C and a humidity of not more than 60%). The tick is extremely prolific: each female lays about 100 eggs at a time. In just a few days, larvae appear from them, which soon turn into adults.

The tick lives for no more than a month, but due to high speed reproduction is a big risk.

On cucumber plants, the mite is usually located on the underside of the leaf, as well as on the tops of young shoots (almost like aphids). Piercing the pulp, it sucks the juices from the plants. Having disfigured the leaves, it can move to the stems and even to the fruit ovaries, where it continues its activities. Closer to the ground, the number of ticks is insignificant: it loves the upper, young parts of plants. The tick forms a dense web that entangles the stems and leaves, as a result of which oxygen exchange is disturbed, and the process of photosynthesis stops. The yield is significantly reduced, and in the absence of pest control, the bushes may die altogether.

First of all, the tick destroys the leaves

The tick is able to settle on cucumbers both in unprotected soil and in a greenhouse, and it is even more comfortable for it in shelter, because it is warmer there, there is protection from precipitation and winds, and there are no birds capable of fighting it. The tick moves from bed to bed, using pieces of the web created by it, as well as “moving” to animals or even to humans. Therefore, it is impossible to completely protect cucumbers from the invasion of this guest.

Signs of damage to plants by spider mites

Most often, signs of damage are detected before the gardener notices the pests themselves. The results of his harmful activity can be expressed in the following:

Yellowing of leaves in cucumbers is not only due to spider mites: many diseases and lack of nitrogen nutrition are to blame for this, but in the case of such a symptom, a thorough examination of the leaves with good glasses or a magnifying glass is required. The fight against the tick should begin immediately after its discovery: unfortunately, it does not always lead to victory.

Spider mite control methods

Many gardeners try not to use on their plots chemicals plant protection, but in the case of spider mite, especially with its large number, you can not do without it. Although, of course, at the initial stage, you can try to do without chemicals.

Folk remedies

Before starting any treatment of plants, one should carefully cut off those fragments that can no longer be restored, and pull out the dead bushes. All residues removed from the garden must be burned. If possible, try to remove the cobwebs from the plants left. If it is relatively small, you can try to use the following "improvised" means:

Infusions can be prepared from:

• dandelion (500 g of grass insist half a day in 10 liters of water);
• marigolds (100 g of flowers per 1 liter of water, several days);
• onions, garlic (200 g of husks are insisted for at least a day in 10 liters of water).

Decoctions are prepared, for example, from the leaves of yarrow or dope. Spraying is carried out repeatedly with an interval of several days in cloudy weather. It should be recognized that spraying cucumbers with folk remedies against spider mites is often ineffective. If after the second treatment the amount of the pest does not decrease, it is urgent to turn to purchased preparations.

Chemical and biological agents

Most chemicals are toxic to humans to one degree or another, and besides, pests quickly adapt to old remedies, so they constantly invent new ones. In this regard, gardeners often turn to biological agents: their action is based on the action of microorganisms. Recently, the following drugs have become popular:

Any treatment should be carried out taking into account the toxicity of the drug, that is, using means personal protection(clothes, goggles, respirator). Usually, the death of ticks begins 6-10 hours after the procedure, the drug is effective for 1-2 weeks.

Having found a tick on my cucumbers this year, I was afraid that I was late, there were so many of them. Fortunately, there was a bag of Fitoverma in the box. Arriving at the dacha a week later, I could not believe my eyes. A lot of young clean leaves appeared on the bushes, and the pests disappeared.

The most effective drugs against any ticks are acaricides, they destroy not only adult pests, but also their larvae, acaricides even affect egg laying. However, for humans, these drugs are very dangerous, and they should be used only as a last resort. These are, for example, Apollo, Floramite, etc. Thus, Apollo is positioned as a specific acaricide, highly effective in the fight against many types of ticks. This is one of the safest acaricides for people. The effect of Floramite on ticks is similar, but the degree of its danger to humans is the subject of heated debate: in Europe, after its use, control over the residual content of the drug in fruits is mandatory.

Video: fight against spider mites

Prevention measures

Preventive measures include:

The spider mite is polyphagous pest. It damages many cultivated and weed plants, as well as flowers, shrubs and trees. Widespread both in greenhouses and in open ground. It is quite common in vegetable gardens and it is rather difficult to deal with spider mites on cucumbers.

If you do not fight the spider mite, then the cucumbers may die.

What does a spider mite look like The spider mite belongs to the arachnids. It is a dangerous and co-cultivated crop with it. This is what a spider mite looks like on cucumbers when magnified Under favorable conditions, about 10 generations of pests appear per season. Therefore, the fight against spider mites is not always successful. Spider mite spread Spider mites can be carried by the wind, from contaminated soil, from purchased seedlings. Very often, plants purchased in nurseries are infected with mites. It is widely distributed in greenhouses there. Therefore, all purchased seedlings, before being planted in the country, must be kept in quarantine in a bright and dry room for several days. Ticks, if any, will definitely show themselves. The spider mite practically does not damage plants with pubescent leaves, since it is difficult for it to eat in such conditions. Arachnids never attack marigolds, calendula, onions, garlic. Of wild plants, the pest does not attack chamomile, celandine, wormwood, tansy, yarrow, dandelion. Does not touch the tick and mustard, basil, parsley. All other cultivated and wild plants suffer from the attack of the spider mite. Wintering pests in the spring initially feed on weeds and only then, when planting cultivated plants, they get on them with wind, soil, through working tools and clothes of a summer resident. In greenhouses, when monoplanting cucumbers, they are very common and quickly spread through plants. Therefore, it is necessary to start fighting the spider mite as soon as the pest is discovered. When growing cucumbers with tomatoes together, they do not spread as quickly, since tomatoes are not a very desirable crop for them. They also damage her, but less often and not so much. This is how the leaves of cucumbers affected by a tick look like. Nature of damage In addition to damage to cucumbers, the tick is a carrier of various diseases, in particular the cucumber mosaic virus. Ways to deal with ticks in the open field Measures to combat the tick on cucumbers depend on the number of the pest and the air temperature. In open ground, it is entirely dependent on external conditions. Therefore, outdoor cucumbers are always less damaged than in the greenhouse. When growing cucumbers in open ground, arachnids initially appear on weeds and only then move on to cucumbers. Therefore, weed control is the most important measure for controlling spider mites on the street. How to deal with a pest in a greenhouse In a greenhouse, when a spider mite is found on cucumbers, the fight against it must be started immediately, otherwise it can destroy all plants in a week. Folk methods The use of tomato tops for processing cucumbers. 1 kg of tops is poured with boiling water, insisted for a day and filtered. 20-30 g of laundry soap is added to the finished solution as an adhesive. Processing is carried out on the underside of the leaves when a pest appears. Use of predatory spiders. They are sold in specialized stores. True, this is still a rarity, but some summer residents use this safe and effective method. Predators do not damage cucumbers, they feed exclusively on insects and arachnids, including spider mites. But here it should be borne in mind that the cucumbers will be in the web, since all arachnids weave these "webs". This exotic method is used only for mass reproduction of the pest in a dry, hot summer by fanatical fans of ecological farming. The method is quite expensive, but effective. Such exotic control measures can also be used against ticks. There are no other sufficiently effective folk remedies in the fight against ticks. Therefore, when a pest is detected, it is better to immediately apply pesticides. Prevention Crop rotation in the greenhouse. Cucumbers are the pest's favorite delicacy. He eats tomatoes, peppers and eggplants not so actively. On tomatoes and eggplant, the tick has difficulty reproducing, since the leaves of these crops are pubescent. The tick will eat pepper last, with a lack of food supply. In open ground, crop rotation is also necessary. Mowing weeds around the perimeter of the greenhouse and borage, since the pest first settles there. Trim and burn any damaged leaves. Plant plants around the perimeter of the beds with cucumbers that repel the pest. And yet, prevention does not help much in the fight against ticks, since they can be carried by the wind. It is necessary to inspect cucumbers every few days, and at the first signs of damage, use at least biological preparations. Personal experience with spider mites In a greenhouse with cucumbers, a spider mite rarely starts up for me, because there is high humidity, which he does not like. In addition, until mid-June, seedlings of marigolds grow there, the leaf secretions of which are not tolerated by ticks. With the joint growth of cucumbers and marigolds, there was never a spider mite. After marigolds were planted in the ground, pests on greenhouse cucumbers sometimes still appeared. If they have not yet spread, then the affected leaves are immediately removed and burned. I pollinate the cucumbers themselves and the ground around them with ash or tobacco dust. If the moment is missed and the arachnids have already spread throughout the greenhouse, then I immediately use “heavy artillery” - I treat it with Sunmite. It reliably destroys the tick at all stages and well protects cucumbers from its reappearance. When arachnids appear in the open field, it is somewhat more difficult to deal with them. Usually, for prevention, I dust cucumbers with ash or tobacco dust, but this method is ineffective on the street, since the protective dust is quickly washed off by rain or when watering.

Many gardeners and gardeners, as well as indoor flower growers, are familiar with this dangerous and ubiquitous pest firsthand. Indeed, the spider mite, along with it, is one of the most dangerous pests on cucumbers (especially in a greenhouse), which causes real damage to plants and greatly reduces your yield.

A spider mite is not an insect, but an arachnid animal or, as it would be more correct to say, a type of mite from the spider family.

Therefore, not ordinary insecticides are used to combat ticks, namely acaricides- preparations for the fight against ticks.

The spider mite is a leaf-sucking pest that sucks the juices from the leaves of the plant, which is why they first turn yellow (brown), and then curl up, dry out and fall off. Therefore, it is very important to detect the pest in the early stages of its appearance and apply the necessary measures.

It is quite difficult to notice the tick itself on your plants (except perhaps through a magnifying glass), because. its length is only about 0.3-0.6 mm.

However, you can determine that a spider mite has wound up on your cucumber plantings by outward signs, namely: affected leaves with them inside (bottom) side will be noticeable small cobwebs, a on the front side - pale yellow spots-dots(which are later merged together).

Important! Do not confuse with downy mildew (false powdery mildew) and thrips.

Ideal conditions for the emergence of spider mites a is dry and hot weather (+30 degrees) especially during periods of summer drought. Therefore, it is most often found in the southern regions, as well as in indoor cultivation flowers, vegetables () and berries ().

By the way! Ticks reproduce most actively on plants that literally fatten from excess nitrogen fertilizer. And just , against, less susceptible pest attack plants receiving excess phosphate.

Respectively, greenhouse conditions- this is the same ideal environment for spider mites.

By the way! Also, eggplants are especially susceptible to the attack of spider mites from garden crops, currants and strawberries from berries, and petunias, roses and hydrangeas from flowers.

Video: spider mite on cucumbers - signs of infection

Preventive measures against spider mites on cucumbers

If the main conditions (so to speak, reasons) favorable for the appearance of a spider mite on cucumbers are dry and hot air, then it is quite obvious that main preventive measure to prevent the appearance of this pest is timely and regular watering = maintaining optimal humidity.

Let's repeat! The tick loves a dry microclimate, therefore, in case of prolonged dry weather, in the evenings, cucumbers should be sprayed warm water, and already at the first signs of its appearance - treat with acaricides.

If the leaves of cucumbers are in excellent condition - they are dense, well saturated with water, they have excellent turgor, then the spider mite simply cannot pierce the surface of the leaf and break through.

In other words, proper care for cucumbers, especially their timely watering, as well as quality top dressing(plants overfed with nitrogen are most susceptible to disease and pest attack, so more potassium and calcium are needed) and regular ventilation of the greenhouse- the main deterrents for the mass development of the spider mite.

Also, agrotechnical measures for the prevention and protection of plants from the appearance of spider mites include:

• careful destruction of weeds(primarily quinoa, nettle, shepherd's purse);

• annual spring processing of the greenhouse(including disinfection and cultivation of the soil, or removal of the topsoil).

How to spray cucumbers from spider mites

A few tips for processing cucumbers from spider mites:

• perfect time for processing - this is early morning or late evening, or cloudy and calm weather.

However, always pay attention to the instructions for a particular drug, as some products, especially biological ones, only work at high daytime temperatures.

• Pre-treatment highly desirable collect all cucumbers.
• Spraying should be done first. on the bottom (inner) side of the sheet(i.e., process not as usual, from top to bottom, but from bottom to top).

Why? It's simple if you read the previous paragraph, because it is from the bottom of the leaf that the spider mite begins its attack.

• The tick has several stages of development, which means that you will need different preparations for treatment at each phase.
• You must with a certain frequency (depending on the weather: if from + 12-20 degrees - 1 time in 2 weeks, if higher, then 1 time in 5-7 days) repeat processing, because many drugs simply do not work on eggs.

The fact is that if you do not observe the frequency of treatments, then a new army of pests will simply hatch from the laid eggs, after 3-5 days they will become sexually mature and begin to lay eggs themselves.

• Always pay attention to waiting times, i.e. the number of days after which you can eat processed foods.

How to deal with spider mites on cucumbers

If you did not follow the agricultural practices of growing cucumbers (especially in a greenhouse) and the spider mite literally attacked your plants, then you will have to take serious measures to combat this dangerous and harmful pest.

At the initial stage, when the foci of the distribution of the spider mite are insignificant, you can manually remove the affected leaves. However, this does not guarantee that you will completely get rid of the spider mite. Most likely, you just haven’t noticed it on the rest of the leaves.

There are many ways to deal with spider mites on cucumbers. Some of them are more effective, some less. There are quite cardinal ones, others, on the contrary, are very sparing.

Ideally, you should periodically change the drugs so as not to cause addiction in the tick and he was able to develop resistance. Different drugs = products with different active ingredients.

Chemicals

The softest, more preventive (protective) than therapeutic agents include colloidal sulfur, but it is effective only in very hot weather (+25-30 degrees).

Phosphorus organiccompounds (FOS)

These are drugs strong and total action, which destroy both oviposition and larvae of mature individuals, i.e. able to rid your garden of ticks at all stages of their development.

(in brackets - the active substance, and the most popular and effective ones are highlighted in bold)

• Karbofos(Malathion (Karbofos);

• Actellik(Pirimifos-methyl (Actellik);

• Fufanon(Malathion (Karbofos);
• Antiklesh(Malathion (Karbofos);
• Kinfos (Beta-cypermethrin + Dimethoate);
• Ditox (Dimethoate).

These are the most toxic drugs that have the longest waiting period. Therefore, they should be used only in the most necessary situations.

pyrethroids

Compared to previous organophosphorus compounds (OPs), they are much safer and non-phytotoxic.

• Clipper (Bifenthrin (Talstar);
• Karate Zeon(Lambda-cyhalothrin);

Other effective chemicals

• Fundazol (Benomyl (Fundazol);

Interesting! The tool is not an acaricide, but is very effective against mite eggs.

• Masai(Tebufenpyrad);

It acts on all mobile stages of development of ticks, has a pronounced ovicidal effect (summer oviposition).

At the same time, it can be used during the flowering period (safe for bees), and also does not affect predatory mites.

• Vertimek (Abamectin).

Biological agents

Biologicals in general effective only against adult (sexually mature) ticks, on eggs they do not work, That's why processing necessary repeat at least twice, and preferably 3-4 times!

But this the most environmentally friendly and safe means against spider mites (especially if you use them during the fruiting period), and quite effective.

The biological preparations that will help you in the fight against spider mites on cucumber plantings include the following (in brackets - the active substance, and the most popular and effective ones are highlighted in bold):

• Akarin(Avertin N);

• Aktofit(Aversectin C);

• Kleshchegon (Aversectin C);
• Kleshchevit(Aversectin C);

• Fitoverm(Aversectin C);

Fitoverm, as you understand, is the same Aktofit, Kleshchevit or Kleshchegon, because. They have the same active ingredient!

• Bitoxibacillin(Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis);

Advice! It is very effective to use a tank mixture of Aktofit (or Fitoverm) and Bitoxibacillin.

Video: the use of bitoxibacillin (BTB) against spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

By the way! Also, the following biological products are often added to the tank mixture from other diseases and pests: Planriz, Trichodermin, Gaupsin and Mikosan B.

predatory mites

If you are growing cucumbers in a greenhouse (covered ground) to kill spider mites, you can introduce predatory mites, namely Ambliseius and Fitoseiulus.

For more information on how to use predatory mites, see the next video from the Garden World channel.

Video: predatory mites against spider mites on cucumbers

Folk remedies

You can also destroy a tick on cucumbers with the help of folk remedies. Solutions work especially well, thanks to which you can apply a thin film on the tick, as a result of which it will not be able to breathe and eventually suffocate. Namely, it can be the following adhesives (film formers - protein or fat):

• oil (rapeseed or sunflower);
• soap (from 40 to 400 grams of laundry or green soap per 10 liters of water);
• whey (to which it is also desirable to add soap, as well as a little ammonia);
• infusion of garlic;

You can also find advice that calendula able to protect your plantings from ticks (or rather, scare away with their smell). However, to be honest, this is a very ineffective measure of protection.

Spider mite is a dangerous pest that affects cucumbers in the garden and greenhouse. Small colonies grow at a tremendous speed and completely capture the plantings. Already seven days after the appearance of a spider mite on the site, it can be detected by traces of vital activity on the greenery. Then a cobweb appears on the leaves, in which colonies of insects are located.

In this material, we will consider in detail the main methods of dealing with spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse. Let's talk about effective insecticides, biological preparations, folk remedies and frequency of use. You will learn how to use agricultural practices to prevent infection of cucumbers in an enclosed space.

The spider mite (Tetranychinae) is a polyphagous pest that feeds on plants indoors and outdoors. It causes the greatest harm to plantings in greenhouses. Closed space creates ideal conditions to increase the population of arachnids.

The small size of the tick, only 1 mm, does not allow you to immediately recognize it. Colonies can only be detected by inspection back side leaves with a strong magnifying glass.

The color of the calf is red, green-yellow, orange, milky-transparent. Wintering females are large, red or red. Males have a more elongated body. Some individuals with enhanced nutrition reach a size of 2 mm.

Soft-bodied spiders have an ellipsoidal shape, the upper part of the body is convex, the lower one is leveled, flatter. Larvae are transparent, light green or green-brown in color with dark spots on the sides. Adults have four pairs of legs.

Females are fertile and lay up to 500 eggs every 3-4 hours. Eggs have a rounded shape, immediately after laying - white-yellow or milky-transparent. During the year, individuals go through up to 12 cycles of development. Fertilized eggs produce females, unfertilized eggs produce males.

The rate of development of embryos depends on the air temperature in the greenhouse: at +15°С - 15 days, at +30°С - 48-72 hours. The total life expectancy directly depends on temperature indicators and varies from 2 to 8 days. This feature is taken into account during the processing of plants.

With the onset of cold weather, nymphs (pupas) leave for wintering in the form of non-feeding females. Some of them move from the bushes to other places for wintering. Some seek refuge below, others take refuge in the upper part of the greenhouse. Therefore, the treatment of plants, unfortunately, does not guarantee the complete destruction of the pest.

In the photo - a spider mite.

Causes

the appearance of ticks on cucumber plantings in a greenhouse - heat and low humidity. The pest feels comfortable at a temperature of + 30 ° C and above. Most often found in the southern regions when growing cucumbers on the balcony.

Most actively, arachnids reproduce on fattening plants (gaining green mass to the detriment of fruits). Fattening occurs for a number of reasons, but most often with an excess of nitrogen in the soil.

The pest settles in the dried remains of plants that have not been removed from the site. From them, he moves to cucumber bushes. In spring, when the air temperature rises to + 10°C, the females begin to actively lay eggs on the back side of the leaves.

First, the pest occupies the upper leaves, then moves to the lower part of the bushes. Often gardeners do not pay attention to the lower leaves. But it is they who become the main breeding ground for spider mites.

Signs of appearance

The main food of the pest is plant cells. The main sign of its presence is small white dots on the back of the leaves.. A little later, a thin cobweb appears, like a veil braiding the bushes.

With severe damage, the leaves turn white from numerous injuries. On the tips of leaves and shoots, you can see hordes of small, moving pests.

As a result of cell destruction, the process of photosynthesis is disrupted. The plant weakens, immunity decreases. Against this background, secondary diseases of cucumbers join. Ticks are the main carriers of gray rot spores.

Control measures for spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

How to get rid of a pest in an enclosed space? For the fight and treatment using chemical, biological drugs, folk remedies, predatory mites (Amblyseius and Fitoseiulus). No less effective are preventive measures.

Chemicals

Chemicals are classified as "heavy artillery". They are used in cases where other methods have not helped. Insecticide quickly cope with the pest, but have a toxic effect on the environment and humans.

The main disadvantage of such spraying is that insects quickly develop resistance. Therefore, it is desirable to change the formulations every 2-3 sprayings.

It is important to remember that one treatment of cucumbers is not enough to completely get rid of insects.

The intervals between irrigation of the bushes depend on the weather. The higher the temperature and the drier the air, the more often the treatments are carried out. In summer, spraying is repeated every seven days. This is how much time the female needs to develop and lay eggs.

Spraying is carried out in the evening, since the scorching sun contributes to the rapid evaporation of substances.

Important! When working with Actellik, safety measures are observed. For protection, use a gown, rubber gloves, a mask, goggles.

Biological methods and preparations

Biological agents affect only adults. Therefore, spraying is carried out 3-4 times every week.

The list contains the most environmentally friendly and effective preparations against spider mites, which are approved for use during the period of active fruiting:

1. "Akarin"- enteric-contact drug with avertin as an active substance. The period of exposure to the tick is 8-16 hours.
2. "Aktofit", "Kleshchegon", "Kleshchevit", "Fitoverm" with one active substance - aversectin. The neurotoxin enters the body of the insect and paralyzes nervous system. The drug is not addictive, unlike chemical insecticides.
3. "Bitoxibacillin"– biological insecticide, contains Bacillus thuringiensis var. thuringiensis. Processing is carried out during the growing season twice a month. The agent does not accumulate in the green mass and fruits.

Reference. High efficiency is shown by treatments with a mixture of Aktofit and Bitoxibacillin.

When growing cucumbers in closed ground, ticks are used for control - Ambliseius and Fitoseiulus. These are natural enemies of the pest. You can buy them in flower shops.

When used correctly, predatory insects can destroy up to 95% of pests. Two weeks before planting cucumbers in the greenhouse, about 50 ambliseius per 1 m² are released in bulk. The life expectancy of an insect is 20-25 days.

The predatory mite phytoseiulus (Phytoseiulus persimilis) is characterized by rapid reproduction and voracity. The effectiveness of the arachnid increases with high humidity and moderate temperature in the greenhouse. With a slight lesion, 10-15 phytoseiulus per 1 m² are released, and with an extensive lesion - 30-40 individuals, closer to the source of infection.

Plants that repel spider mites

Next to the plantings of cucumbers in the greenhouse, plants are planted to repel the pest. The method is used in combination with treatments with biological, chemical preparations and folk remedies. Such plants are not able to cope with the task on their own.

The most effective are: marigold, marigold, wormwood, parsley, mint, garlic, onion, yarrow, cyclamen.

Reference. Moss or bark is used to repel spider mites. Raw materials are treated with boiling water for disinfection and dried. Then they are buried in the ground under the bushes.

Folk remedies

Herbal folk remedies help repel pests, but are not able to completely destroy it. They begin to fight with folk remedies during the period of active fruiting of cucumbers, when acaricides are banned.

Spraying is carried out on the back of the leaves. That is where the pest is hiding.

Agricultural practices to prevent infection

Proper cultivation of cucumbers is also effective in pest control:

• frequent weeding and loosening of the soil;
• moderate watering;
• timely introduction of potassium-phosphorus supplements;
• control of the level of nitrogen in the soil;
• removal of plant residues;
• maintaining a distance during planting (sowing);
• crop rotation;
• disinfection of greenhouses with sulfur checkers;
• soil treatment with a 0.5% solution of copper sulfate (50 g per 10 l);
• humidity level control (optimally above 80%);
• air temperature control (+25-27°С);
• selection of cucumbers resistant to spider mites;
• removal of the top layer of soil (15-20 cm) and replacement with a new one.

Varieties resistant to spider mites

The most resistant to mite damage are varieties and hybrids with hard fibrous leaves. Complete protection they do not have spider mites, but biologists are working hard in this direction.

Conclusion

To quickly get rid of the poutine mite on cucumbers in the greenhouse, chemicals are used that destroy the pest at all stages of development. It is customary to alternate drugs, as pests quickly develop resistance.

Biological treatments allow you to get environmentally friendly products, but only affect adults. Predatory mites (Amblyseius and Phytoseiulus) do an excellent job and destroy 95% of the spider mite in the greenhouse.

Folk remedies are used to repel pests. Preventive measures are effective before planting seedlings, they prevent the spread of the mite.

Suren Aganesyan

Studio owner landscape design. Residential building specialist

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Since it is very difficult to comply with high requirements for the microclimate in greenhouses, pests and infections sometimes develop in them. The reason for the appearance of pests and the activation of pathogens may be incorrect temperature regime, unsuitable air humidity, untimely harvested crop residues, excess or deficiency of fertilizers and contaminated soil. In this article, we will tell you where the spider mite comes from on cucumbers in the greenhouse, what means are used to destroy it, and what preventive measures will help protect the greenhouse from this pest.

Description of the pest

spider mite - an arachnid arthropod of red, orange, yellow-green or whitish color, usually less than 1 mm in size. These sucking pests settle on the underside of the leaves and feed on the cell sap of the plant. Ticks are incredibly prolific: in one season they can give up to 20 generations. The main danger of these pests is that they are carriers of the cucumber mosaic virus.

As soon as spider mites appear in the greenhouse, they spread very quickly, and as a result of their vital activity, the leaves of the plants are depleted, dry and die, which negatively affects both the development of cucumbers and their fruiting. The most comfortable temperature for these pests at an average indoor humidity of 23-33 ºC, that is, greenhouse conditions are just perfect for spider mites.

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Signs of the presence of mites on cucumbers are:

• discolored dots and spots on the leaves;
• barely noticeable web;
• slow growth and development, yellowing and drying of the leaves of the plant.

Prevention of spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse

If you don't want to fight ticks on cucumbers every year, take preventive measures:

• at the beginning of each season, disinfect the greenhouse with a sulfur bomb: this way you will save the room not only from ticks, but also from other pests, as well as fungi and viruses;
• after harvesting, remove all plant debris from the greenhouse, and at the beginning of the next season, change the top layer of soil 20 cm thick on the beds;
• alternate beds of cucumbers with beds of tomatoes: on tomatoes, mites do not multiply so quickly;
• plant marigolds between the bushes, the smell of which ticks do not tolerate;
• regularly fight weeds and take them out of the greenhouse: it is on weeds that pests settle first;
• strictly observe the agricultural practices of the culture and try to leave slightly larger gaps between the rows so that the ticks do not spread so quickly;
• maintain high humidity in the greenhouse - 80-85%. For cucumbers, this is a normal level, but ticks with such indicators will be damp;
• regularly inspect the plants so as not to miss the moment when ticks appear: the sooner you find them, the higher the chance to get rid of them quickly;
• if ticks are found, immediately start processing cucumbers with folk remedies: plants are sprayed every two weeks, and if ticks have bred, weekly treatments will be required;
• spider mites can be destroyed with the help of their natural enemies phytoseiulus - predators among ticks, it is enough to spread several leaves with phytoseiulus around a bush affected by mites;
• if folk remedies could not rid the cucumbers in the greenhouse of spider mites, use acaricidal preparations.

Folk remedies against ticks on cucumbers

Folk methods for the destruction of spider mites, of course, are not as effective as chemical acaricides. The advantage of herbal preparations is their low toxicity to humans and the environment, so in the case when there are few pests, try to do without chemistry. In the fight against spider mites, you can help:

• solution 30 ml ammonia in 10 liters of water: wipe the cucumber leaves and spray the greenhouse with the solution;
• wormwood infusion: pour 800 g of dry wormwood grass into 10 liters of water, leave for 2 days, then boil for half an hour, cool, strain and dilute 1: 1 with water - this composition will help you get rid of many pests in the greenhouse;
• decoction of tomato tops: pour 4 kg of chopped tops into 10 liters of boiling water and simmer for 30 minutes, then strain, add 30 g of grated laundry soap for every 2 liters of decoction and stir well - the decoction is effective against ticks and aphids;
• garlic infusion: insist 150 g of dry leaves and garlic husks in 10 liters of water for a day, strain and immediately process the bushes;
• mustard infusion: pour 200 g of mustard powder into 10 liters of water, leave for half a day and strain;
• infusion of potato tops: pour 1.5 kg of chopped tops for 4-5 hours with a bucket of water, strain and use for spraying.

Treatment of cucumbers from a tick in a greenhouse with chemicals

Since ticks are not insects, but arachnids, not insecticidal, but acaricidal chemicals are used to destroy them, the most effective of which are:

plant pin- an agent for combating ticks and aphids, which is produced in the form of sticks: they are stuck into the soil around plants, during watering they dissolve and release the active substance butoxyraboxime, which affects ticks. The drug is intended for the destruction of pests at an early stage of plant damage, the protection period is 1-1.5 months;

Etisso- a drug produced in a form similar to Plant-Pin and with the same characteristics, but with another active substance - dimethoate;

Actellik- a highly effective insecticide used to kill many pests. The product is toxic, so follow the safety precautions when processing plants;

Phytoferm – effective drug against many pests, however, it can be addictive in them.

In addition to those described, the drugs Karbofos, Apollo, Iskra-Bio, Bitoxibacillin, Akarin, Vermitek, Aktofit, Flumayte, Agravertin and BI-58 do a good job with spider mites. They are quickly absorbed by cucumber leaves and protect them from ticks for three weeks.

The smallest dirty trick is a spider mite on cucumbers, capable of exterminating cucumber crops with its voracity and fertility. It is difficult to get rid of it because of the rapid addiction to chemicals. The methods of struggle collected here will become an effective help for vegetable growers - each proposed remedy has been tested on successful repeated experience.

Green cucumbers that crunch so pleasantly in the mouth and leave a fresh aftertaste - that's why they are massively grown among the people. This vegetable is delicate and fastidious, sometimes it brings a lot of trouble, but the harvest for the flight table and for harvesting for the winter is worth it.

One of important issues- the formation of a spider mite on cucumbers, the measures to combat which we will analyze, since not everyone can effectively deal with an insidious pest.

Who is a spider mite and where does it come from

To understand the ways in which spider mites appear on cucumbers and how to deal with a horde of these gluttons, you need to know their habitat.

Spider mite on cucumbers

• A small harmful insect, which is to be fought, is about 0.5 mm long, painted brown or red and endowed with 4 pairs of articulated legs in the adult stage and 3 pairs in the larval stage.
• It develops in 5 stages - egg, larva, 2 stages of nymph and adult.
• Larvae and nymphs are greenish with dark zones on the sides.
• Females hide to spend the winter in the ground.
• He loves dry hot air, under such conditions quickly - within 3 days - the larvae already hatch.
• The tick does not live long - less than a month, but manages to breed well, which complicates the control measures.
• Settles on the reverse side of the leaves, pierces their pulp and sucks the juice from the plant, depriving it of chlorophyll.
• It leaves behind damage on the foliage in the form of a marble pattern - whitish lifeless spots and a thin, but dense milky-colored cobweb.

Spider mite larvae

Recipes for dealing with spider mites on cucumbers, as well as measures to prevent it, are largely based on the ways the pest appears.

• A spider mite crawls on cucumbers, usually from the ground after wintering, when the soil warms up enough, attacking the growing greens.
• Weeds that grow in the garden before cucumbers become a breeding ground for ticks.
• Seedlings from greenhouses and greenhouses are another likely gateway for infestation of cucumbers by hordes of pests, there is an excellent environment for their habitat.

Note! The spider mite, in addition to its own damage, can “reward” vegetables with gray rot spores. It is better to prevent its appearance from the very beginning than to try to get rid of it later - to deal with it, alas, is really laborious and not always successful.

What means will help rid cucumbers of spider mites

The choice of remedy for spider mites on cucumbers is best based on the degree of damage that he managed to inflict on growing vegetables.

Important! Before spraying cucumber bushes, you need to remove the tick web - it will retain drops of liquid, and they will not fall on the surface of the plant!

Note! Acaricides are toxic to humans and should be used as a last resort when other control measures fail.

Improvised means for getting rid of spider mites on cucumbers

If the defeat of cucumber foliage is insignificant, and the owners do not know how and how to get rid of spider mites on cucumbers, they will need the means that everyone has at hand.

Such simple measures without the involvement of chemistry will neutralize the threat of extermination of cucumber bushes by ticks, if applied in time.

Plants - assistants in the fight against spider mites

Infusions with decoctions of herbs, which cause the absolute death of the spider mite, can be used in the pollination of cucumber bushes. Justified itself in the use of such vegetable raw materials for the fight against small ticks.

• Datura- decoction: 1 kg of dry plant without roots / 2 kg of dried / 3 kg of fresh boil for about 3 hours and dilute with 10 liters of water; infusion - pour 100 g of a dry plant with a liter of water and leave for a day.
• Dandelion- infusion: pour 0.5 kg of fresh chopped herbs with 10 liters of water and set aside to infuse for 3-4 hours.
• Calendula- infusion: 0.4 kg of flowers withstand 5 days in 4 liters of water.
• Sorrel- Soak 0.3 kg of chopped rhizome in a bucket of water for 5 hours.
• yarrow- 0.5 kg of dry raw materials must be brewed in boiling water, and then the volume should be brought to 10 liters.
• Onion and garlic- 0.2 kg of a mixture of their husks insist in a bucket of water during the day.

The use of these poisonous solutions by the drip method helps gardeners fight spider web pests. natural remedies without harming the purity of the crop.

Important! Irrigation should not be done in the active sun - morning or evening, otherwise unstable toxins in the liquid will quickly disintegrate under sunbeams.

Biological products against spider mites

An excellent replacement for poisonous chemicals is modern biological products that act pointwise only for pests that devour the greens they have processed. Microorganisms, on which the mechanism of biological poison is based, inhibit the vital activity of the spider mite at all mobile stages, when they suck the juice from the cucumber.

In addition to eggs, females that have gone into the ground may not fall under their action, so the irrigation frequency is usually 3 or even 4 stages.

"Vertimek" with the active ingredient abamectin - it is most often praised for its effectiveness.

"Kleschevit" and "Akarin"

"Aktofit" and "Fitoverm"

Biological products do not instantly kill the tick, but only after 8 - 12 hours.

Biological poison is prepared strictly according to the enclosed instructions, and all prescribed safety rules are observed at the working stage.

Acaricides that destroy spider web pests on cucumbers

Acaricidal chemicals are "heavy artillery" for the spider mite, affecting not only nymphs, larvae and adult insects, but also egg mites.

The only downside is that they quickly develop immunity to poisons, since 3 generations are replaced in a season. Therefore, you need to change the drug, focusing on the composition, and not another name.

Observations suggest that only 50-70% of ticks will die out in one treatment, up to 90% in two, therefore, 3 treatments are carried out with a break of 4-6 days, depending on the weather - the hotter and drier, the shorter the break.

Such acaricides showed their "lethal" power.

• "Floromite", where the substance is based on biphenazate;
• Flumite, where the substance is flufenzine;
• "Oberon", where the substance is based on spiromesifen;
• "Sunmite", where the substance is pyridaben;
• "Apollo", where the substance is clofentezin;
• "Nisoran", where the substance is hexythiazox.

Important! When working with a chemical poison, you need to be especially scrupulous in order not to get poisoned - the drugs are relatively toxic to humans too!

Preventive measures against spider mites

A spider mite is a scourge that is easier and faster to prevent than to fight destruction later. Preventive actions against it are simple and reliable, if carried out thoroughly.

They are based on taking into account comfortable conditions for accelerated reproduction and transformation into new phases of the spider mite (and this is dryness and heat), as well as conditions for successful wintering.

Let's consider what can be done to prevent the tick from getting to cucumbers in greenhouses and hotbeds, as well as on open garden ground.

Prevention of spider mites in greenhouses and greenhouses

The microclimate in greenhouses and hotbeds contributes to the comfort for the spider mite - it is dry and warm there. He is capable of greenhouse conditions it’s great to settle down, feed yourself, give a start to offspring and spend the winter in greenhouse soil.

How to prevent a spider mite, spoiling the habitat?

• Make the humidity above 70%, because already at 60% the tick dies.
• After the crop is harvested, remove or thoroughly dig up the top layer of soil, especially in the corners - female ticks like to hide there for the winter.
• Enrich the soil with phosphate fertilizers in the form of mixtures.

Note! It is good to disinfect the frame and trellises in the off-season - some individuals, when the temperature does not drop below 0 ° C, do not go into the soil, but climb up plants, frame elements, trellises.

Preventive measures in the garden against spider mites

At the height of summer, especially in hot dry weather, in 3 days out of 100 eggs laid by the female, a new hungry spider mite appears in the larval stage, which is no less voracious. Therefore, the tick horde multiplies many times, and it becomes more and more difficult to overcome it.

To protect your cucumbers from such a misfortune, a number of simple measures should be taken.

• When the cucumber crop is harvested, the entire plant must be completely dug up and burned - some individuals may settle on the stems and top.
• Before planting and after removing the bushes, the soil is carefully dug up.
• Timely removal of weeds is a guarantee of the absence of spider mites on your cucumbers, because since spring weeds are the first food for the tick after hibernation.
• Planting marigold flowers between bushes will prevent tick invasion.
• Found affected leaves should be cut off and burned.

Note! Planting mixed cucumbers, tomatoes and cabbage will save cucumbers from the misfortune of spider mites!

The damage to cucumbers from spider mites is enormous - the affected plant becomes defenseless against other diseases - fungus and rot, the crop also suffers. It is only in the power of the gardener himself to minimize such damage.

Fighting spider mites in a greenhouse - not an easy task. Neither “onion water”, nor laundry soap, nor “triple” cologne, nor spraying the leaves of affected plants will help get rid of it. The insect is quite tenacious, but the most dangerous thing is that in just a few weeks it can destroy the entire greenhouse crop, most often settling on cucumbers. The easiest way to destroy a tick is to create uncomfortable conditions for it to exist. In the most extreme cases, aggressive agricultural chemistry (pesticides), which destroys the insect with the help of toxic effects, will save.

Uncomfortable conditions for the tick

So, the fight against spider mites should begin with the observance of agricultural technology for growing plants in a greenhouse. For example, if cucumbers are grown in it, then they should be alternated with tomato seedlings. The latter just scare away the pest, as they are unsuitable for laying eggs.

Still unacceptable for a tick high humidity at the level of 80-90%. For plants, including cucumbers, this is the natural environment for germination. Therefore, careful watering for 5-10 days can really drive ticks out of the greenhouse. But this is not always true, since the pest can be noticed already when the leaves of the plants begin to turn yellow. And this is actually "clinical death" for them. That is why the tick in the greenhouse should always be looked for. To do this, you just need to inspect several plants every evening for the presence of insects 1-2 mm in size. At a cursory examination, it is almost impossible to notice them.

You can still fight the spider mite in the greenhouse with the help of phytoseiulus. This is a different type of mites, which is a natural enemy of spider webs. However, for plants, it is not at all dangerous. Moreover, it will disappear immediately after the "victory" over the pest.

And, as practice has shown, the spider mite rarely starts in greenhouses and greenhouses without weeds. It is on them that he is able to overwinter and endure even the most severe frosts. So the absence of pests should be taken care of in advance, starting from the planting period. Seed treatment with pesticides is also effective, but only a specialist agronomist can do this.

Means used when a pest is detected

What to do if a tick is found and some of the plants are already entangled in “cotton wool”? As soon as possible, all plants in the greenhouse (including weeds, if any) should be treated with special preparations.

Among them:

1. "Plant Pin"- a universal remedy, thanks to which the spider mite in the greenhouse is removed in just a few days. After that, the manufacturer of the drug recommends actively watering the plants before the fruiting period: this will reduce toxicity (although it is already weak).
2. "Etisso"- also a good drug with a similar effect. The difference is in the active ingredient. In addition, "Etisso" is intended for root feeding of the plant. That is, it is much easier to use it. It is recommended to use for prevention (during the appearance of the first growth of fruits).
3. "Aktellik"- a rather toxic drug, but it will get rid of ticks instantly. It does not affect the plant itself in any way, the fruits do not make poisonous. But you need to use it very carefully, observing safety measures.
4. "Fitoverm"- a cheap, effective remedy, however, insects become addicted to it, that is, after repeated use, such means of dealing with spider mites will not work. The manufacturer claims that this effect occurs after three applications.
5. "Vermitek"- its action is based on the defeat of females and laid eggs. Already after one spraying of infected plants, the number of pests in the greenhouse will drastically decrease. After the second time, the tick will completely disappear. But there is a small probability of its reappearance just a few weeks after the initial use of the drug.

These are not all methods of dealing with spider mites. There is also a more effective agrochemistry, but it is not freely available and is sold only to large farmers who have an agronomist.

Folk methods of struggle

Oddly enough, there are a lot of folk tips on how to deal with spider mites, and many of them really work. For this purpose, tinctures from acaricide plants are used, which adversely affect the entire tick population. These include:

• cow parsnip (any type),
• nosed aconite,
• creeping mustard,
• dope ordinary (even just sprouting in a greenhouse, it repels a tick),
• wormwood carpezium.

All infusions of these herbs are best prepared from a fresh base, which should be filled with medical or technical alcohol. After 2 days, you can process the greenhouse. The plants themselves are recommended to be sprayed with a 15-20% solution (that is, add 5 parts of water to the concentrate), but the greenhouse (in particular, corner joints and joints, soil) is concentrated. Processing is recommended to be performed 2 times a month. This advice is suitable for both control and prevention. In the latter case, the processing of the plants themselves is not necessary.

The most "strong" plant to combat spider mites is blue cyanosis.

Even a 10% alcohol solution is capable of expelling all ticks from the greenhouse in a few hours. In this case, eggs can be eliminated with some kind of pesticide such as Vermitec. However, experts still recommend collecting all damaged leaves and stems entangled in cobwebs and immediately burning them as far as possible from the greenhouse.

Destroys ticks and Dalmatian chamomile. Unfortunately, this plant is not found in all regions. Russian Federation and is not medicinal. Therefore, it is not so easy to get it. The advantage of this chamomile is the effect on the eggs of the pest. For processing cucumbers, a 2% solution is used. For other vegetables - 4 percent.

Unfortunately, if a spider mite infects seedlings, then people's councils how to get rid of the pest will not help. Only aggressive agrochemistry comes into play. The affected plant dies in just a few days, completely drying out and covered with cobwebs. Just one affected leaf is enough for the seedlings to be spoiled.

As practice shows, ultraviolet light can also help in the fight against ticks. But it should be used as an additional tool. And keep in mind that prolonged "warming up" of unprepared plants under the sun's rays can destroy the entire crop. Therefore, it is recommended to use artificial ultraviolet radiation. Fortunately, such lamps are sold in almost every lighting equipment store, they are inexpensive and consume a small amount of electricity, covering a fairly large area of ​​the planted crop.

It should be noted that in order to prevent infection of nearby greenhouses, it is enough that the distance between them is at least 1 m. However, if a spider mite is wound up on the site, then you will have to deal with the processing of all greenhouses. Otherwise, pests will simply run from one greenhouse to another. It is unlikely that in such conditions it will be possible to count on a good harvest of greenhouse vegetables.

Pest control in greenhouses (video)

The spider mite is a pest from which many garden crops acquire diseases that are dangerous to them. Only on tomatoes it almost does not appear, but pepper, pumpkin, eggplant, melon, and, of course, this dirty trick loves cucumbers very much.

Know the enemy by sight: a tick on cucumbers in a greenhouse

This is a very tiny insect no more than 2 mm, its mouth has a piercing-sucking function. There is a tick milky-transparent, orange, yellow-green, red. Females of these pests lay up to 400 eggs per day. It turns out that in a greenhouse a tick can give up to 20 generations. One tick lives 20-50 days.

Already at a temperature of +12, mites develop, and when the temperature rises to +25, and humidity rises, mites become active at full strength.

It doesn't matter how the tick got into the greenhouse. Even on a tool borrowed from a neighbor, or work clothes, you can bring a tick to the site. Therefore, absolutely no one is immune from such an uninvited guest. What does this mean? And this means that you do not need to wait until he begins to command on the site, you need to prevent his appearance altogether.

Preventive control of ticks on cucumbers in the greenhouse

It is considered useful to rotate seasonal crops in one place - that is, not all the time on this particular piece of land to plant cucumbers. One year tomatoes (to which the tick is indifferent), another time cabbage, and the third time cucumbers. And the tick looks more into unkempt greenhouses: where the earth is not loose, and weeds grow, and watering is clearly not enough.

Prevention of the appearance of spider mites:

• Spring disinfection will help, the same one, “grandfather's” - sulfur bombs and bleach are used.
• If a pest has already entered the greenhouse in the fall, leave a larger distance between the rows in the spring.
• Pests prefer medium humidity, and when the humidity rises to 85%, the tick does not like it (but cucumbers do not hurt).
• So that the tick does not move from one greenhouse to another, it is possible to plant cereals between greenhouses, this is a barrier for the pest.

Diseased parts of plants must be destroyed. And for this, regularly, once every three days for sure, inspect the leaves, the back side. Avoid mass contamination of the culture.

Effective measures: spider mites in the greenhouse

If the tick appears when the fruits are already tied and ripening, the use of chemical preparations is not recommended. But they'll do just fine folk ways fight. Moreover, they are also effective.

How to "popularly" deal with ticks:

1. You can arrange a pest shower from the infusion of potato tops. Take one and a half kg of potato tops, cut finely, pour 10 liters of water. Infuse this solution for 2.5-3 hours. Then it should be filtered, and immediately sprinkle the leaves from the back. Within three hours, the spider mite will die. But his eggs are tenacious, so repeat the procedure several times.
2. Onion peel. Take 10 liters hot water(but not boiling water), pour it into half a bucket of onion peel. You need to insist for a day. Then the infusion is filtered, diluted twice with water. Do the same with chamomile, it will work for sure.
3. Infusion on tops of tomatoes will also help out. Pour the same 10 liters of water with 450 g of finely chopped tomato tops, boil the mixture for half an hour over low heat. After that, mix 30 g of laundry soap into 2 liters of the resulting liquid, and the pest can be sprayed with this composition. By the way, this mixture is detrimental not only to ticks, but also to aphids.

What other plant is great for mites? You can bring garlic extract, alder, oriental goat's rue to the fight. Only spraying should always be plentiful, thorough. The mite is still a spider, its web is an insect shield, retaining all solutions on itself. Therefore, no superficial spraying - carefully, so that it will work for sure.

How to deal with a tick on cucumbers in a greenhouse

It is not always possible to use folk remedies, sometimes there is nothing suitable, but you can buy drugs quickly. And already seriously attack the tick. Such drugs are called acaricides, they fight not only with ticks, but also with thrips, aphids, caterpillars.

Such preparations as Flumite, Actellik, Vermitek, Appolo, Fitoferm, etc. are used. If you use the drug three times, but there is no desired result, then the tick has already adapted to it, change the remedy.

Plant-Plin became popular. A good option: this drug is produced with sticks, they are buried in the root zone. When you irrigate, the substance quietly dissolves itself, and after a couple of days it acts on the pest. Etisso does the same.

Methods of dealing with spider mites on cucumbers in a greenhouse (video) (26 ratings, average: 4,39 out of 5)

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