The correct arrangement of the valley - types of elements and structures, installation rules. Roof valley: scheme and technology for pairing roof slopes Installation of the upper valley

A well-equipped roof of the house is an important node, providing protection to the building from the action of winds, rainfall or sunlight.

The main load falls on the roof, as on an external plane that has direct contact with all weather or climatic manifestations.

Any defects in the design of the roof mean the possibility of water getting inside, formation of foci of destruction truss system or the danger of demolition of the roof during gusts of wind.

So correct use roofing, which form an airtight layer that reliably separates the interior from contact with the atmosphere, is an important and critical part of the design of the roof.

Roof coverings are divided into two groups:

The coating itself, i.e. leafy or roll materials, which in the set create a plane of slopes.
Dobors - all design elements of adjunctions, transitions, drains, etc.

At the same time, it is the additional elements that require the most careful, responsible approach to installation, since they often take on most of the load for the removal or removal of rain or melt water and snow. One of these elements is the valley.

Roof valley (sometimes - groove) is a term that has two meanings. Primarily, this is the section of the roof where two planes meet, forming a depression. This is - general concept defining the meaning of the term, its meaning. In construction practice, another, narrower meaning of the term is used: this is what they call type of additional elements made for the design of the junction of planes. The presence of two interpretations sometimes causes some confusion caused by confusion between the two concepts due to lack of information.

Valleys (in the general sense) are of three types:

open.The junction of the planes does not have a tight seam and is covered from above with an additional strip.
Closed. The joint is tight and straight.
bound. A tight joint with transitions of the elements of the pattern of the roofing material to each other in turn.

The difference between these methods is not in functionality., but purely external.

The second and third types are much less common, since their construction requires workers with experience and special knowledge. With a large selection roofing materials commercially available and different properties and the specifics of installation, it is not easy to find people who can design complex roofing elements. In addition, all work is carried out in difficult conditions, at height, which creates additional difficulties.

It should be noted that in any case it is not possible to achieve complete tightness of the connection, and the meaning of all efforts, in fact, comes down to achieving a purely decorative effect, which often means an extra waste of time and labor.

Valley device

Valleys as an additional element are also divided according to the installation method:

Lower valley. The internal valley is installed before the roofing, because it is under the common layer. In any case, with any type of valley design, the lower bar is present as an indispensable element, since it is it that serves as a gutter that drains water into the drain. Without it, the junction of the planes will be a continuous gap.
Upper valley. This element is installed on top of the roofing material and serves, firstly, to create visual completeness, accuracy of the connection, and secondly, it prevents the accumulation of various debris in the deepening of the roof. Any foreign objects, needles or fallen leaves, small debris, etc. little by little they will create a barrier to the free flow of water, so it will find its way out elsewhere, which will certainly create a problem. The presence of the top bar prevents such accumulations.

Both types of valley strips have their own installation features. Each type of roofing material has its own set of additional elements, fully corresponding to each other both in a constructive and design respect, therefore, before installation, you should familiarize yourself with the rules and features of working with this material.

What is a roof valley: photo

What are valleys made of and what roofing materials are they used for?

For the manufacture of valleys, the same material is used as for the main coatings - for asbestos cement is used, for or - galvanized steel sheet, etc.

If a protective coating is used to protect the material from corrosion, as is done in the production of metal sheet materials, then valleys are provided with a layer of protection in the same way.

That is, a complete correspondence of the elements is achieved, which, when assembled, look like parts of a single whole. However, in some cases, they resort to the use of extensions of one type to decorate the material of another.

NOTE!

The installation of the lower bar is carried out under the roof and excludes the possibility of seeing it, therefore, in this case, the conformity of materials is not required.

Most often, this combination is found in the construction of slate roofs, since asbestos-cement elements are not as common as other components. Getting out of the situation in this way, of course, somewhat affects the aesthetic perception of the roof, but functionally everything works correctly.

Anyway, for all sheet roofing materials, completely suitable accessories are created, allowing you to draw up all sections of the roof, and valleys in this sense are no exception. It makes no sense to use them for work with soft roll coatings, since the technology for their installation implies completely different actions, and sealing the corners does not require additional structures.

Scheme of the truss system at the installation site of the valley

The truss system at the points of transition from one plane to another should provide straight and even lines without depressions or distortions, which can cause incorrect installation of the valley.

The device for connecting two valleys on a slope can be of the following types:

butt. With this method, the rafters of different slopes are connected by ends at an angle. Careful calculation and accuracy in work is required to avoid distortions or distortions.
overlap. The rafters do not connect to each other when placed "out of order". This option gives a great guarantee of observing the clarity of the transition of planes and maintaining straight lines.

Rafter system under the valley

For correct and precise installation of rafters first of all, it is necessary to designate the runs - the lines connecting the planes. This is done with a stretched rope between the two extreme points of the run and are guided during assembly on this line. With due care and diligence, the design turns out to be even, suitable for performing its functions.

CAREFULLY!

The design of the rafters at the transition points of the planes requires increased strength. Reinforcement with additional racks and struts is necessary.

An important element of the rafter system of the valley is. At the junctions, it is made solid, with a mandatory. The installation of the lower bar must be carried out on a flat, straight section so that the pressed bar does not receive any deformation.

Any bend will cause delamination protective coating , which will automatically start corrosive processes and cause the bar to fail quickly. If we take into account the presence of a layer of insulation and waterproofing, sheathing of the inner surface of the attic space, and other finishing coatings, the detection of damage to the plank will not occur immediately.

By that time, significant damage will have been done due to the penetration of water into the roofing materials,. Replacing the bar will also require serious work, as well as a lot of time.

Alternative option

Valley installation

How to install an additional element correctly:

First of all, it is necessary make sure that the substrate is correctly and accurately constructed, that there are no distortions, and that the structure is strong. Loads on valleys can be significantly higher than on flat sections of slopes, since it is in the gutters that snow accumulates, creating strong pressure on the system.
wooden elements rafters and battens are treated with an antiseptic and the site is waterproofed. It is an additional operation for the valley, the general waterproofing of roofing materials - another position.
The installation of the lower bar. The procedure is carried out in the direction from the bottom up, the individual parts are overlapped with an overlap of 10-20 cm. All joints are treated with a sealant.
Roofing is being done. The joints of the material with the lower bar are additionally sealed.
The top bar is installed.

Additional elements

Design and functional features of the valley - providing effective drainage and aesthetic appearance of the valley roof. The elements available on the market allow you to fully solve both issues, subject to competent and accurate installation. It is quite possible to carry out work on your own, the main thing is to familiarize yourself with the procedure and the specifics of the material and do not forget about safety measures when working at height.

Useful video

A visual video guide for installing the valley:

In contact with

The valley is a structural element of the roof, one of the most important nodes in the entire roofing system. It is an internal corner formed at the junction of the slopes.

It collects and subsequently discharges precipitation from the slopes forming it, as a result of which the valley is subjected to significant loads. This roof unit is more susceptible to climatic factors than others: accumulation of snow mass, runoff of rain and melt water, when located on the sunny side - increased exposure to ultraviolet radiation.

These factors make it clear that quality performance installation of both the valley itself and the roofing material. Mistakes can cause significant damage: at these points, the risk of leaks and the accumulation of such a mass of snow that can lead to the collapse of the entire roof structure is highest.

Types of valleys, their pros and cons

Distinguish three types of valleys:

open;
closed;
intertwined.

Closed or twisted type in most cases, it is arranged in the presence of steep roof slopes, with twisted adjacent panels and the use of a number of roofing materials.

With this design, panels of adjoining slopes are intertwined with one another or connected by a joint. Their use implies additional financial contributions for the waterproofing device, since water can be retained in them.

When creating a valley open type rainfall flows down. There is no need for an additional layer of waterproofing material.

Before starting work, it is necessary to prepare materials. The main roofing accessories for the installation of the valley are:

aluminum ribbed groove;
foam strip;
joint sealing tape.

The valley performs a dual function: water is diverted through it and it takes on the greatest load on roofing system. Therefore, the installation and sealing of this element must be carried out with all care.

The points for attaching the valleys must also be chosen very carefully.

Valley device

If the roof structure provides for the presence of valleys, then installation of both the lower and upper is required.

The first step is to get the foundation right. On both sides of the junction of the slopes, a waterproofing material is mounted on a continuous flooring. Otherwise, a sealant is also laid between the roofing material and the false one. Often, a valley carpet is used for waterproofing, which consists of a polyester fabric impregnated with high-quality bitumen, with sprinkles on both sides.

valley plank- this is the line of intersection of the slopes, which forms the inner corner.

Appointment of the lower valley bar is the removal of water and the prevention of moisture ingress into the internal (under-roof) space.

Upper valley bar rather, it is an element of decor that covers the cut of the roofing material.

The valley carpet is covered with basalt dressing on the upper side, and sandy on the lower side. It is characterized by increased strength and prevents the formation of leaks in the joints.

The valley carpet is fastened with nails at a distance of 20 cm. Its application requires the presence of a gutter based on a reliable solid material.

After fixing the carpet, the lower valley is installed: it is also called false.

It is bent at an angle (according to the angle of connection roof slopes) wide plate. The fastening of this plate to the crate is carried out using self-tapping screws, observing a distance of 30 cm.

In this case, it is necessary to pay attention that the lower end of the valley is above the cornice board.

In the case when the lower valley is formed by several elements, their installation should be carried out from the bottom up. For better waterproofing false joints are sealed with sealant.

The best material for mounting the valley is galvanized steel: it significantly extends the service life of the unit and the roof structure as a whole.

Having finished the installation of a layer of waterproofing material and false, proceed to the installation of the upper valley. The purpose of this structural element is to drain rain and melt water from roof slopes. Since the upper valley will be visible, the same material is used for its device, which covers the entire roof.

If the roofing material is a metal tile or profiled sheet, it is mounted with a distance of 10 cm on both sides of the inner line (corner). Installation of a decorative insert or upper valley is made at the end. The installation of the insert is carried out with a 10-12 cm overlap from the lower end to the upper.

When arranging a valley between the slope and the dormer or dormers, another board is installed, which serves as a continuous crate at the junction of the slopes.

When installing the valley, special brackets are used: they are necessary for attaching the groove.

A self-adhesive strip is used to protect against water, snow and dust.

For high-quality work, half tiles are used.

Another structural element- the tape used at the joints for the valley.

open valley

First, a strip of rolled corrugated roofing 46 cm wide is laid in the very center of the node. The mineral surface should be directed downwards. The valley carpet is pressed tightly against the ridge, after which it is nailed using nails. In this case, a distance of 2.5 cm is observed. Fastening starts from the outer end. The lower edges must be trimmed. On both sides of the roofing strip, plastic cement is applied in a 10 cm strip (its thickness should be 1.5 mm).

If it is necessary to butt the roof, the lower section must be overlapped by the upper one by 30 cm. Fastening is done with plastic cement.

After that, a strip of rolled material is laid face up above the previous one. For fastening use cement and nails. Before laying the roof panels with chalk, two lines should be drawn on both sides along the valley. In this case, a distance of 10 cm should be maintained on each side of the ridge.
Instead of a rolled corrugated roof, metal that is not subject to corrosion can be used. To prevent condensation and increase the protective properties, a waterproof membrane should be laid under the metal or roll material.
The waterproofing system of an open valley is installed using the same technology as for pitched roofs.

closed valley

The device of a closed valley is used to create steep roofs, the adjoining slopes of which are joined end-to-end or intertwined.

Prior to the installation of roof tiles, a 90 cm waterproofing strip from a rolled corrugated roof must be laid along the length of the assembly.
Laying rows of tiles is done along the slopes. The row should pass through the valley and go 30 cm onto the adjacent slope. The valley roof is fixed with nails, but the nails should not be beyond the chalk line. At negative joint angles, to protect the joint, it is necessary to use an ondulin valley.
On the adjacent slope, a chalk line is drawn with a 5-cm indent from the inter-ridge joint. Laying tiles on the adjacent slope is carried out up to the chalk line, then the excess is cut off. To improve drainage, the upper corners of the panels are cut diagonally. In this way, you can increase the service life of the valley.

Twisted valley

This type of valley must be completely covered with roofing material. Rows of tiles are intertwined and laid across the valley. The valley carpet serves as an additional coating - therefore, there is no need to cover the inter-ridge joint with several layers.

For this purpose, a 91-centimeter valley carpet is used. Waterproofing is laid over the underlying layer. In the presence of interlaced inter-ridge joints, the roof tiles should be laid first.

Valley truss system

The main difficulty in carrying out the work is associated with the truss system of the valley. It primarily involves reliable waterproofing, since it is this part that accounts for the largest load of roof slopes. The system is arranged in strict accordance with the drawings.

With special care, you should carry out the valley formed at the junction of the mezzanine and the main slope.

After the completion of the rafters, the roofing is laid with an output to the inner corners. Requires the use of two underlay layers with an overlap.

After the installation of the coating, the installation of the upper valley is carried out: it gives the roof an aesthetic and complete look. When fastening it, a 3-5 cm step is observed to the top of the wave. To isolate the valley nodes, a sealing tape for joints is used.

When constructing valleys, the following rules must be observed:

it is necessary to make sure that the sealing tape for the joint is correctly installed, that the gaps for water and small debris are observed, that the waterproofing material is not mechanically damaged and that there are no tears;
it is necessary to supplement the installation of the valley with a crate;
the device of the valley strips is made on droppers, while the valley starts from the eaves;
it is necessary to prepare the required number of planks for the valleys and install them in the direction from the bottom up with an overlap;
the bottom bar is cut below the cornice line;
during the installation of the valley, it is necessary to install the strips along the flanges; the roofing material bordering the valley is cut off according to the markup;
fastening is carried out using self-tapping screws screwed into regular places; when using them, the roofing is tightly pressed against the valley plank;
fixing self-tapping screws at a distance of less than 25 cm from the valley axis is unacceptable;
the alignment of the cuts during the laying process is carried out using a rubber mallet;
installation of the upper valley is carried out with an overlap of 10 cm.

Valley on a T-shaped roof

Multi-pitched forms of roofs significantly complicate the process of their installation. All joints that form valleys must be clearly worked out. To increase the strength at these points, it is necessary to install additional bars. To position the roof ridge at the desired angle, change the slope of the corner of the valley. The use of this technology makes it possible to arrange roofs of different sizes and shapes.

For additional strength, the valley rafters are covered with boards in a continuous flooring.

Installation of a superdiffuse membrane is carried out on this flooring. Excess moisture is vented through the ventilation gap. It is not necessary to arrange a gap under the membrane.

The installation of the valley element is carried out below the roofing material.

Double weave method

To install the valley, you need wooden plank(its width should be 20-25 cm), waterproofing film: it is mounted on moisture-resistant plywood or chipboard, fastened with fixing nails. Attachment points must be sealed with bituminous mastic.

The use of this method is advisable with equal slopes of the slopes forming the valley.

With a similar method of mounting the valley, the angle is compared using a board.

The protective layer is a waterproofing membrane.

Features of the installation of the valley node

When installing the valley (starting from the ridge and ending with the eaves), the following work is performed:

An additional board is installed in each valley. The valley planks are installed from the bottom up with an overlap of 20 to 30 cm.
The bottom bar must be cut below the cornice line. A seal is mounted under the valley flanges and the ridge.
A 6-10 cm gap should be maintained between the roofing and the center line of the valley on both sides.
In the case of cutting sheets, self-tapping screws must be fixed in them with a distance of 1-1.5 cm.
When carrying out the fastening of the roofing sheet and the valley, it is necessary to maintain a distance of 25 centimeters from the valley axis.

With the correct assembly of the roof structure at the attachment points, the roofing material will be in contact with the board on which the valley is installed.

In some cases, the features of the roof structure require the creation of valleys that begin and end on the slopes of the roof - for example, when installing dormer windows. In this case, an additional board under the valley is required.

The roofing sheet must be cut in such a way that the cut is approximately 2 cm above the level of the valley outlet. Cutouts should be made in the sheet for the side and front walls of the dormer windows. A sealant is installed along the walls. The cornice overhangs of the windows are closed with a plank.

After that, the valley strips are mounted. They must be cut along the eaves and exit to the slope.

The edge facing the slope should fit very tightly to the surface of the roofing. Since the slope angle must be at least 11%, the tight fit is achieved by manually forming the upper edge of the valley.

If it is necessary to increase the length of the valley, a 20-30 cm overlap is made.

The junction of the valleys is fixed with self-tapping screws and sealant. A seal is mounted under the flanging. In this case, a sealing tape is used to join the valleys.

FINDINGS:

The valley is one of the most important elements of the roof structure.
It is subjected to increased loads - therefore, its installation requires a particularly careful approach.
There are open, closed and intertwined types of valleys.
Installation of both upper and lower nodes is carried out.
The processes of the device of open, closed and intertwined varieties have their own characteristics.
The main difficulty during installation lies in the construction of the truss system.
An important point in this case is waterproofing.
When arranging valleys, you must strictly adhere to the rules.

From the video you will learn how to properly install the valley using the Ondulin roof.

At first glance, the installation of a roof valley seems to be a rather complicated and problematic process. Therefore, many consumers prefer to pay builders than to do this business on their own. In the article, we will further describe in more detail what a valley is, and also give detailed instructions for its construction.

Purpose of the groove

On the roofs of complex configurations, which include several slopes at once, internal joints inevitably turn out. In such places, snowfall, rainwater, and all kinds of garbage most often accumulate. In addition, they are quite difficult to maintain.

A valley, or groove, is an element that is laid along the inner corner of the roof under the slopes. It is designed to protect the structure from water leakage under the roofing and provides free evacuation of precipitation from the roof surface.

The number of ends will depend on such factors:

The roof configuration is cruciform, in the shape of the letter T or G.
The presence of additional elements, in particular, dormers and dormer windows.

The structure of the internal valley

As a rule, a corrugated valley device involves the presence of two planks that are bent at an angle that coincides with the angle formed by the adjacent slopes. In this case, the lower element serves as a drain, and the upper one is rather decorative.

In some cases, the upper piece of the valley is not installed. It depends on the type of roofing, as well as the features of the roof. Be that as it may, the competent execution of the valley connection ensures the reliability and waterproofing of the roof structure.

There are some rules for arranging a groove:

The lower element of the valley is laid before fixing the roofing material, and the upper element after its completion.
Nails are not used for mounting the groove.
The gutter is assembled from the bottom up, sealing the seams with Tegola bitumen-polymer mastic, bitumen-based sealants (Xtra Seal) or rubber (Tytan), or Icopal glue.
The inner valley for corrugated board is made of galvanized steel or copper, and the outer one is made of roofing material. It is preferable to use a galvanized sheet with a polymer coating, which can withstand temperature changes from -60 ℃ to 120 ℃.
To provide additional insulation of the roof and prevent water from flowing under the roofing material, a foam sealing gasket is glued along the ribs of the valley.
You can fix the groove either with the help of clamps on the sides, or by means of self-tapping screws along the edges.
The sides are made at least 2 cm in height so that water does not overflow through them during heavy rain.
The flanging of the valley is in contact with the end parts of the laths of the crate.
In cases where the valley for corrugated board is assembled from several segments, they are laid with an overlap of 10 cm or more.
On roofs with flat slopes, reinforced waterproofing is required.

Varieties of grooves and their connections

There are several types of corrugated roof valleys based on the configuration of the joints between the slopes:

Open groove - found on low-slope roofs. In this case, additional waterproofing is required.
Closed type of valley - inherent in roofs in which steep slopes practically touch, layering on the gutter.
Intertwined valley - in shape it resembles a closed one, however, at the joints, fragments of the roofing intersect, forming a single surface.

Consider the features of each type of valley.

An open groove has the following advantages:

It does not accumulate debris.
Precipitation is quickly evacuated from the surface.
Installation work is quick and easy.

If we talk about the shortcomings, then such a valley does not look too beautiful.

Among the advantages of grooves of a closed or interlaced type are:

But the disadvantages of such a design are much more:

A twisted valley is quite difficult to lay.
The process takes much longer.
This roof needs regular cleaning from garbage.
During thaws, ice plugs may appear between the slats of the groove.

Schemes and types of lathing on the truss system

Depending on the intended roofing material and the scheme of the truss system, the installation of the valley will be performed in different ways. In this case, we mean the type of crate. Recommendations in this regard are usually indicated by manufacturers in the instructions for roofing.

The crate for laying the groove can be of the following types:

A continuous crate is performed for the subsequent laying of soft roofing. In this case, the valley roofing carpet is made of a waterproofing material. This installation method is the simplest.
A gable roof with a valley, in which slate, corrugated board or tiles are used as a roofing, the crate for the gutter is made from 2-3 boards 10 cm wide, laying them along the joints. The wider the valley is supposed to be, the larger the step of the crate will be.
For laying metal tiles, auxiliary battens are mounted between the main battens.
Ondulin is laid on two boards 10 cm wide in increments of 15 cm, so the groove will not sag.

Installation features for corrugated board and other roofing materials

As already mentioned, a house with a valley roof is subjected to loads from rain and snow, which must be removed from its surface in time. In this regard, the arrangement of high-quality waterproofing is a paramount task. Therefore, when installing the groove, you should pay attention to such subtleties as: correct pruning roofing material, compliance with the step between the supporting elements and fasteners, the tightness of the seams, the dimensions of the overlaps. Only the installation technology of the soft roofing valley, which is placed on a solid base, will be somewhat different.

Installation under a soft roof is performed as follows:

A lining carpet is placed on a continuous crate over the entire surface of the roof slopes. At the joints of individual sheets, it is laid with an overlap.
A valley carpet is covered along the inner corner of the roof. Its edges are fixed with bituminous mastic, and then nailed every 10-20 cm. About 20 cm of the carpet should peek out from under the roofing material.
If the length of the groove exceeds 10 m, it is made of several parts fixed in an overlap of 15 cm. The edges of the planks are fixed with mastic.

The technology for mounting the valley under corrugated board, ceramic or metal tiles is as follows:

A layer of waterproofing is laid on top of the base, which is nailed every 20 cm.
Next, the bottom element of the valley is laid with a slight overlap of the cornice board, fixing it with self-tapping screws every 30 cm.
Along the edges, the bottom strips of the gutter are laid with sealing tapes.
The roofing material is cut along the groove and fixed in such a way that it does not reach the bend by 10 cm.
The upper element of the valley is mounted with an overlap of 10-12 cm.

To mark the cut line, you can use the paint cord brands KARPO, Irwin, INTERPOOL MT-2507 or STAYER.

Installing a groove for ondulin:

Individual pieces of material for the valley are fastened with an overlap of 15 cm using self-tapping screws in the upper corners of each piece.
The edges of the groove are glued with sealing tape.
The roofing along the corner element is cut, and then nailed into each wave as far as possible from the middle of the gutter.

Features of the device of the valley near the roof windows

Roof structures such as attic doors or skylights also need to be waterproofed. The arrangement of the valley in such places involves bringing its lower element to the correct coverage.

The scheme of work looks like this:

Near the dormer window stuffed crate.
The length of the groove is calculated, taking into account possible overlaps if it consists of several fragments.
Mark the place of the bend at the bottom of the gutter.
The incised sections are bent in the direction opposite to the sides.
The valley is slightly raised above the level of the roof, bringing bars under it.
The edges are sealed with tape.
The lower section of the roofing is cut and slipped under the valley planks.

Thus, the valley is an extremely important and necessary element of the roof, which you can equip with your own hands. It is only important to arm yourself with some knowledge and tools.

Valley device: truss system diagram, internal valley for corrugated board, house roof connection

How to make a valley on the roof

Increasingly, the roof has not only functional purpose. Often this element is the highlight of the building. Such roofs have many planes that connect at different angles. Part of the connections - with positive angles - is made in the form of a ridge, part - with negative angles - in the form of valleys. To ensure that the attic is always dry, the roof valley must be done correctly.

Valley roofs

On roofs of complex shapes, when constructing protruding dormer windows, sharp corners are formed. They are obtained at the junction of two slopes. The junction is called a valley, and the roofs are called valleys.

What is endova

Roofs of complex shapes look very decorative and are a decoration of the building, but their design and installation is not an easy task - it is not easy to pair planes. Because of design features these sections of the roof have a heavy load: there is always a lot of snow and water. Therefore, the crate is made reinforced, and waterproofing measures are much more serious than on the rest of the surface.

Features of truss systems

Rafters from different slopes in the valley can be connected at different angles (depending on the shape of the roof). At the junction, a rafter leg is installed, to which the rafters from the slopes are attached. With a small length (up to 2 m), it is enough to mount them on nails (2 on each side), with a significant length of the joint, they are reinforced with metal plates.

In places of greatest load (at the widest point), the rafter leg of the valley is supported from below by a jib.

A support is placed at the bottom in the widest place

At the junction of two roof slopes, the crate needs to be reinforced, and its device depends on the type of roofing material:

Under the metal tile in the valley, intermediate strips are installed - in the middle between the main ones. That is, in this place the step is two times less. The length of the additional planks must be greater than the width of the bottom plank of the valley.

Lathing is done twice as often

Under the profiled sheet, slate and ceramic tiles, two or three boards are needed on each side

Under the ondulin between the two boards there should be a gap of 15 cm

We have shown typical requirements and dimensions, but some manufacturers may have specific requests. When buying roofing material, you will be given instructions that will describe the entire installation process and the requirements for the crate, and other technical points. Of course, you need to follow their recommendations.

Valley device

Talking about the device in general does not make much sense, since each roofing material has its own characteristics. Therefore, we consider the most popular separately.

On a metal roof

As already mentioned, under the metal tile at the junction of the slopes, the crate is made twice as often. The lower plank of the valley is laid on this crate - this is a galvanized sheet with a fold line in the center and sides along the edges. This element belongs to the extensions, it is painted in tone with the main material. He goes in two-meter pieces.

Roof valley from metal tiles

Installation of the valley strip starts from the bottom. The edge of the element extends a little beyond the roof overhang, cut off 20-30 mm below the overhang, and a flanging (edge) is formed from this “remainder”. Please note that the valley bar should end behind the overhang, if there is a drain gutter, then above it. If it is made shorter than the overhang, then water will flow into the roof.

The next sheet is laid on top, with an approach of 20-30 cm, the joint is smeared with sealant (you can smear the entire overlap with bituminous mastic). Lay as many sheets as necessary, cut and fasten near the ridge.

There are two ways to attach the valley sheet

special self-tapping screws closer to the edge;
clamps on the side.

Fastening to the side with clamps

When constructing a valley, the main task is to ensure tightness. From this point of view, the second mounting option is more correct - after it there are no holes left, even if they are closed with a rubber gasket.

One more moment. In the lower bar there should be sides on both sides, the height is preferably more than 2 cm. They are needed so that water flowing from the slope cannot get under the metal tile.

A sealing tape is glued onto the fixed bar, at a distance of about 20 cm from the place of inflection. She goes on a self-adhesive tape. Before installation, the protective coating is removed and the tape is glued. Next, a metal tile is laid, which is cut so that it is 60-100 mm to the center of the valley. Manufacturers do not recommend placing slices closer to the center.

The sheets are fastened to the crate in regular places - in the lower part of the oxen 20-30 mm below the step. The distance from the fastener to the bend is at least 250 mm.

After fixing the metal tile, the roof valley is ready and can remain in this form. But appearance cut sheets are not suitable for everyone. In order to close them there is a decorative overlay, which is called the upper valley. It performs a decorative function - it closes the sections, it is often simply not used.

Features of the withdrawal of the valley above the dormer window, see the following video.

From corrugated board and slate

Under these materials in the valley, several boards are laid along. A strip of waterproofing is fixed on them, which is then connected to a waterproofing membrane fixed on the slopes. The overlap should be at least 10-15 cm, the joints are connected using double-sided tape.

The device of the valley on the roof of corrugated board

In this case, the sealing tape can be supplemented with a sealant. A strip of sealant is applied on both sides of the place of the inflection of the roof. After installation of the roofing material, a large free space remains in the ledges of the wave. Water, snow, debris can get there. To prevent this from happening, the gap is filled with sealant, applying it in layers.

In the case of a profiled sheet, there are several options for designing a valley:

Open. This is when corrugated sheets are cut at a distance of 60-100 mm from the inflection line. In this case, the bar and slices are visible. To close this "economy", a decorative gutter is laid on top of the roofing material, covering the cut lines. It is attached to the crate with nails.

Open valley from corrugated board

open or closed type you choose the connection of the slopes, the device of the whole pie remains the same. Only the way of cutting the corrugated board changes.

The roof valley of the tile has exactly the same structure as in the case of a profiled sheet. The difference is that the solid crate should be larger - at least 35 cm wide on both sides of the joint. The tile fastening in the valley has special features - some fragments are cut so much that it is impossible to fasten them with a standard lock. Then a hole is drilled in the upper part of the tile, a soft acid-resistant wire is threaded into it. They drive a nail into the crate, winding the wire onto it, fix the tiles in the required position.

In the case of ondulin, the crate under the valley is not continuous, but two boards located at a distance of 15 cm from one another, symmetrically with respect to the center of the valley. A special chute is laid between them.

A special gutter is laid between the stuffed boards

Installation starts from the bottom, moving up. The first sheet of the valley gutter is laid flush with the edge of the roofing material, and the shape is corrected. Nailed to the crate with nails from the top side. The next sheet is laid with an overlap of at least 15 cm.

The upper fragment of the gutter overlaps the lower one by at least 15 cm

After the entire gutter is laid, the installation of roofing sheets begins. First they cut with a margin - the mark is set 5-6 cm further than necessary. Cut along the intended line (jigsaw or grinder). They put it in place, mark the exact line of the cut - along the ledge on the gutter. Cut off a second time and put back in place. Since the ondulin sheet weighs a little, all operations are easy to perform.

Ondulin is cut twice: first roughly, then precisely

The laid sheet is fixed with special roofing nails with a hat painted to match the coating. It is necessary to fasten in each wave, stepping back as far as possible from the middle line of the valley.

Fastened with special nails

Roof valley: device, do-it-yourself installation, photo, video

How to properly make a roofing valley from metal tiles, pof flooring, ondulin and ceramic tiles. Rules for the device of valleys, the order of work.

Roof valley from corrugated board

The design of the roof plays a very important role in creating the appearance of the house. The fantasy of architects sometimes simply boggles the imagination with the intricate shapes of the roofs of individual residential buildings. Many planes of colored corrugated board intersecting at different angles look unusual and original.

But the complexity of the roof has a downside. When choosing a roof structure, you must always remember that its main task is to protect the building from rain and snow. In this case, any joint of the roof slopes between themselves carries potential danger roofing leaks and leaks.

One of the most critical places in roofing complex shape is the inner corner at the intersection of two slopes. This element of roofing is called a valley. It is the valley for corrugated board that receives precipitation from the planes of intersecting slopes. During rain, a stream of water collected from a large area flows down the valley, and in winter snow always accumulates in it, increasing the load on the truss system.

Therefore, you need to know how to make a valley correctly and pay special attention to the design of this roofing unit.

The device of the roof valley from corrugated board

As mentioned above, the valley is the junction of two roof slopes, forming a gutter. The valley for corrugated board can be of three main types:

In an open valley, the lower parts of the roofing of the slopes end with a special gutter, the role of which is played by the lower plank of the valley on the corrugated board. It is she who serves to divert water into the gutter.

After installing the corrugated board on the roof slopes, the top bar of the valley is installed at the place of their junction. This element performs a more decorative function, covering the edges of the roofing. The figure shows a corrugated valley device.

A closed valley for corrugated board differs from an open one in that in it the sheets of roofing at the junction are fitted close to each other. In this case, the upper bar of the valley is not installed.

The interlaced roof valley construction is even more complex. In this design, roofing sheets at the junction are wound on top of each other in a checkerboard pattern.

For corrugated roofs, an open valley roof is most often used.

The device of the truss system with a valley

Considering the increased load on the roof at the location of the valley, special attention should be paid to the reliability of the truss system at the inner junction of the slopes. The roof truss system with a valley is quite complex. It is better to entrust the development of drawings of the frame of such a roof to specialists, but there are a few basic rules, under which a roof with a valley can be built with your own hands.

Before starting the construction of a multi-pitched roof with several valleys, you must first draw up a plan for the truss system. To understand how to properly lay a valley, you need to conditionally divide the house into several rectangles. The largest of them is considered the main one, and the roof frame of smaller rectangles will join its truss system.

At the junction of the main premises with the annexes, the lines of the valleys will begin. At the points of support of the valley rafters, additional crossbars are mounted, which, in turn, rest on racks or struts. Approximately the same way diagonal rafter legs hip roof. The most difficult is the device of the rafters of the mansard roof valley.

Rafters under the valley are mounted in the same way as any other rafters of a pitched roof. The main thing, before making a valley, is to correctly connect the slopes and securely fasten them together.

If for corrugated board with a small profile height on the roof slopes it is quite enough to perform a crate with a step of 300 mm, then the crate under the valley must be solid.

How to install a roof valley from corrugated board?

When the assembly of the truss system is completed and the reliability of fastening of all its elements to each other is checked, the valley is mounted with its own hands without much difficulty.

First, at the installation site of the valley, additional bars are installed in order to make the crate solid. Before laying the valley, additional waterproofing must be performed in this place.

A waterproofing tape is laid over the roofing membrane in the valley, which should be 5-10 cm wider than the bottom plank of the valley. Sometimes special self-adhesive waterproofing tapes are used, but most often they are simply nailed to a continuous roof sheathing.

4. Plank of the valley; 5. Sheet of corrugated board.

After laying additional waterproofing, at the junction of the roof slopes, the bottom bar of the valley is mounted. When the angle of the roof slope from corrugated board is small, it is better to use an enlarged bar. If the usual valley plank has a width of each side of the order of 300 mm, then it is increased by 2 times.

Before installing the valley, measure the length of the inner junction of the slopes. The bottom planks of the valley must be cut in such a way that they overlap each other by at least 150-200 mm. If the slope of the roof is small, the amount of overlap can be made even greater.

Begin installation from the bottom section, and each next plank overlaps the previous one. The lower level of the valley is installed before the installation of the roofing. At the same time, sheets of corrugated board are launched inside the valley, not reaching its axis by approximately 50 mm.

After the installation of the coating sheets, the valley is installed on the corrugated board. The upper bar of the valley performs mainly a decorative function. It closes the edges of the corrugated sheets in the place where they are cut along the axis of the valley.

Particular attention should be paid to how to fix the valley over the profiled sheet. Considering that the upper plank of the valley is much narrower than the bottom one, fastening it through to the crate can break the tightness of the bottom plank. To avoid this, the top plank of the valley can be fixed to the covering sheets with rivets.

How to make a roof valley from corrugated board?

Do you have a complex roof? Then you definitely need to know how to properly make a valley. Go to the site and find out how to make a roofing valley from corrugated board, what is its device and how to seal it.

It is important to build a valley in such a way as to withstand the elements of nature, as well as protect the roof of the house from leaking and, possibly, blowing off the roof by gusts of wind.

What is endova?

If you finish home construction, then one of the most important things remains the device of the roof valley. The valley or groove is the junction of the roof slopes, which takes on the lion's share of the roof loads:

heats up in summer to a high temperature;
rainwater flows down to this joint;
snow cover load is the highest here.

A natural disaster for a house can be prevented or its consequences reduced if the valley firmly holds the corner blow. For the correct calculation of the structure of the house or its individual parts, you can contact the specialists of InnovaStroy. In order to order a free calculation, you can fill out contact information and leave a message on the calculation parameters on the main page of the company's website. Going to home page, you need to scroll the page from the top one row, press the button "Order a miscalculation for construction - for free!"

The bottleneck of the whole house

What is the need for a proper valley device? The weakest point of any structure is the place where there is a connection. It is here that all negative external influences on the structure can most quickly appear. The valley, which connects two, three, and sometimes more parts of the roof, is the bottleneck in the design of any structure, both in the private construction sector and in commercial buildings.

An incorrectly constructed or incorrectly calculated valley can cause the beginning of the destruction of the roof, under certain circumstances, the entire roof, and sometimes the entire house. If you approach the laying of the valley unprofessionally, without calculations and certain knowledge, you can get the most negative consequences. If we know in advance what it is necessary to protect the house from, then we can make sure that on long years the junction of the slopes was a reliable connection. InnovaStroy specialists have extensive experience in successfully carrying out the most complex roofing works, including the installation of a roof valley. The company can also order a comprehensive service, including house design, repair of the roof and roofing, as well as the design of a new or reconstruction of an existing roof, installation or a full cycle roofing works that will be done by professionals.

How to build a valley correctly?

No matter what the roof is built from, no matter what material for the roof is chosen, there is general rules laying, scheme of the device of the valley:

1. First, a solid wooden crate is attached at the junction of two roof slopes.

2. From below, the valley is reinforced with roofing tin or other suitable building material. It must be waterproof, resistant to temperature extremes. It can be, for example, one of the options for waterproofing carpets.

3. The crate is assembled first from a solid boardwalk.

4. The flooring is covered with an asbestos-cement (slate) tray or a tray made of galvanized steel. This is also called the lower valley. The edge of the tray should protrude forward, beyond the border of metal tile parts, slate sheets or corrugated board. This will ensure the rigidity and reliability of the structure.

5. The last step in the construction of the valley is laying above all roofing sheets, the upper valley. Usually the upper valley is a part of the same material from which the entire roof is made. The upper valley is not a mandatory element of the roof, but it gives the building complete aesthetic look .

Sometimes laying the upper valley may be abandoned for the following reasons:

it is necessary to organize a large drain capacity;
the passage of melted snow, into which particles of branches, leaves and other debris often fall, goes better with an open type of valley;
it is necessary to improve the passage of the flow of melt or storm water for a roof with a small angle of elevation of the slopes.

We talked about the basic rules for arranging a valley, but besides this, they have many features. The most important factor influencing the valley laying technology is the roofing material. The valley is, in fact, part of the roof, therefore it must be a continuation of it and be combined in color and material of manufacture. Observe these technological features important when completing roofing work, which we will discuss further. If you carefully read all the tips, you may well try to install a valley on the roof on your own. If you are not confident in your abilities or you do not have consultants with experience in construction, still the best option is to contact those who know how to build this important part of the house. Our advice will help you understand how the valley works and how to build it correctly, even if you are not a builder, but a customer of the service.

How will the valley save the house?

The principle of operation of the valley is based on the drainage of water under the action of the angles of the slopes:

along the grooves, gutters or roof profile, moisture, snow or water flows down to the gutter of the valley;
the gutter receives the flow and directs it down the roof;
independently or with the help of a drain, the water stream merges to the ground.

The valley should be, based on the tasks set by the front roof structure:

strong enough to hold the flow of water or sliding snow, ice
additionally waterproofed to eliminate possible leakage of the roof near the gutter.

To take into account all the features of laying the valley, you should know the simple rules worked out by professional builders.

The device of the roof valley from a metal tile

The metal tile is the modern queen of roofing, because it has a beautiful appearance and excellent performance. When it comes to metal tile roofing, the roof is formed according to the general scheme that we described above. First, a crate is arranged, and then a standard sheet of metal tiles is laid, specially prepared in the form of a gutter. From above, after the installation of all roofing sheets, the upper valley is also attached.

During the installation of a metal tile valley, it should be remembered that a wooden crate needs to be made:

solid, without voids at the junction;
lathing material - boards not less than 150 by 25 mm;
the width of the crate from the center of the joint must be at least 300 mm on both sides.

After the crate is formed, it is necessary to lay waterproofing - a special rug or any other building material resistant to moisture and stress. The lower valley is fixed with self-tapping screws with a pitch of at least 300 mm. two edges of the slopes, the overlap must be at least 10 cm. In the interval between the lower valley and the metal tile, it is recommended to lay a sealant that will expand under the influence of heat and seal the joint.

Device of a valley on a slate roof

Slate is a roofing classic. These corrugated sheets of asbestos cement are cheap and easy to work with, although more fragile than metal tiles.

The installation of a valley on a slate roof preserves the main stages of installing a valley with a metal tile. On the finished wooden crate-frame, a slate sheet is laid, which is specially prepared at the factory for the lower gutter. The upper valley is laid after the installation of the entire roof. The lathing for the slate valley is made of beams with a section of at least 60 by 60 mm. If the roof sheathing can pass with pauses in laying, then the valley requires a full sheathing. On top of the formed wooden gutter, a slate part is laid, usually factory-made. Slate blanks begin to be fastened with thick and large slate nails from the bottom to the top of the roof.

If there is no such slate figure, you can use a metal base for the lower valley. Slate sheets should overlap the edge of the lower valley by 10-15 cm. Sometimes, in the slate version, the upper valley is not made to increase the flow of melted snow or a large flow of water during heavy rains. This scheme is practiced in places with high humidity and specific climate.

Device valley from corrugated board

Profiled roofing has been used for a long time, although such a coating is not fashionable for houses - it looks too simple. But corrugated board does not lose ground, because it is inexpensive and easy to process, which is a very important indicator for any construction site. There are no differences in the installation of the valley in comparison with metal tiles and slate, although there are some peculiarities. For lathing, you can use a continuous row of boards with a cross section of at least 32 by 100 mm and a distance of at least 50-60 mm from the center of the valley. The valley bar must enter under the main cover of the corrugated board by at least 250 mm.

Other methods of arranging a valley

Roofing is not always made of popular materials. Sometimes you need to make a valley for soft roof, for example, from rolled modified bitumen or other synthetics. In this case, the valley is made either open or by the “undercut” method. Under the lining carpet, a valley carpet is laid on top. This carpet is coated with bituminous mastic to enhance waterproofing. The carpet is nailed with roofing nails, which are driven in at a distance of no more than 2-5 cm from the edge of the carpet and at a distance of no more than 25 cm from one another.

If the valley is laid using the undercut method, no decking is required. The valley is also required in a tiled roof. Tiled roofing is complex in design and technique, therefore it requires special attention builder. It is important not to allow any gaps in the thermal insulation or insufficient insulation. The valley in this case should have snow-stopping brackets. Laying the valley in a tiled roof is carried out in two ways:

on the wood flooring from boards
on a thick wooden crate.

The width of the flooring from the board must be at least 30 cm from the axis of the groove. The laying of the groove on the flooring is done before the crate is stuffed. The grooves are built from the bottom up.

Important results

The valley device is very important point at the end of the construction of a house, cottage or outbuildings. The fundamental thing is that its device has many technological moments that should not be missed:

high-quality waterproofing of the lower valley to maintain the integrity of the roof and durability of operation
compliance with the structural strength of the crate to prevent sagging or breakage of the valley

the correct selection of materials for installing the gutter, the choice of this material, taking into account the highest possible quality and reliability, water resistance;
installation of valley elements by specialists or amateur builders with sufficient knowledge.

If all these points are observed, you will get a roof where the valley will perform its main function - to protect against the destructive power of water and keep warmth and comfort in your home for many years without costly and troublesome unscheduled repairs.

The video will help you to carry out the correct installation of the roof valley.

Increasingly, the roof has not only a functional purpose. Often this element is the highlight of the building. Such roofs have many planes that connect at different angles. Part of the connections - with positive angles - is made in the form of a ridge, part - with negative angles - in the form of valleys. To ensure that the attic is always dry, the roof valley must be done correctly.

Valley roofs

What is endova

Roofs of complex shapes look very decorative and are a decoration of the building, but their design and installation is not an easy task - it is not easy to pair planes. Due to the design features, these sections of the roof have a heavy load: there is always a lot of snow and water. Therefore, the crate is made reinforced, and waterproofing measures are much more serious than on the rest of the surface.

Features of truss systems

In places of greatest load (at the widest point), the rafter leg of the valley is supported from below by a jib.

A support is placed at the bottom in the widest place

At the junction of two roof slopes, the crate needs to be reinforced, and its device depends on the type of roofing material:

Under the metal tile in the valley, intermediate strips are installed - in the middle between the main ones. That is, in this place the step is two times less. The length of the additional planks must be greater than the width of the bottom plank of the valley.

Lathing is done twice as often

Under the profiled sheet, slate and ceramic tiles, two or three boards are needed on each side

Under the ondulin between the two boards there should be a gap of 15 cm

Valley device

Talking about the device in general does not make much sense, since each roofing material has its own characteristics. Therefore, we consider the most popular separately.

On a metal roof

Roof valley from metal tiles

There are two ways to attach the valley sheet

special self-tapping screws closer to the edge;
clamps on the side.

Fastening to the side with clamps

One more moment. In the lower bar there should be sides on both sides, the height is preferably more than 2 cm. They are needed so that water flowing from the slope cannot get under the metal tile.

The sheets are fastened to the crate in regular places - in the lower part of the oxen 20-30 mm below the step. The distance from the fastener to the bend is at least 250 mm.

After fixing the metal tile, the roof valley is ready and can remain in this form. But the appearance of the cropped sheets does not suit everyone. In order to close them there is a decorative overlay, which is called the upper valley. It performs a decorative function - it closes the sections, it is often simply not used.

From corrugated board and slate

The device of the valley on the roof of corrugated board

In the case of a profiled sheet, there are several options for designing a valley:

Open. This is when corrugated sheets are cut at a distance of 60-100 mm from the inflection line. In this case, the bar and slices are visible. To close this "economy", a decorative gutter is laid on top of the roofing material, covering the cut lines. It is attached to the crate with nails.

Open valley from corrugated board

You choose an open or closed type of slope connection, the device of the whole pie remains the same. Only the way of cutting the corrugated board changes.

A special gutter is laid between the stuffed boards

The upper fragment of the gutter overlaps the lower one by at least 15 cm

Ondulin is cut twice: first roughly, then precisely

Fastened with special nails

tin roofs

In private housing construction, this type of roofing material is rare, however, there are such roofs. The tin roof valley is connected manually, using a mallet and a special tool.

Roof valley: device, do-it-yourself installation, photo, video

How to properly make a roofing valley from metal tiles, pof flooring, ondulin and ceramic tiles. Rules for the device of valleys, the order of work.

Roof truss system: device features

When building a private house, a bathhouse or outbuildings, the roof truss system requires a special approach. It is important to correctly perform the calculations and prepare high-quality material for installation.

Roof structure design

Calculation load-bearing structures in construction, it is customary to perform according to the method of limit states, i.e. by the moment of loss of resistance by the structure under the influence of external loads up to destruction or unacceptable damage.

The truss system reaches the limit state if:

the strength of the structure is completely exhausted and it collapses;
deflections of the elements of the supporting frame provoke unacceptable violations in the nodes of the truss system, and further operation of the roof is impossible without repair.

According to building codes, the maximum allowable deflection of the rafter leg or puff is 1/200 of the length of the element. To ensure high reliability of the structure, it is recommended to design the roof taking into account the maximum allowable deflection 1/250 of the length of the rafter.

The calculation of the roof truss structure is carried out taking into account the ultimate loads from the side:

own weight;
wind pressure;
snow weight;
the weight of people servicing or repairing the roof (the load from a person is usually taken as 80 kgf / sq.m).

To obtain information on the basis of which calculations are carried out, it is necessary to have:

SNiP for roofing construction;
table for calculating the section of the rafter leg;
rafter cross-section table;
climate map of the region (determination of wind and snow load).

The calculation of the section of the beam, from which the elements of the truss structure are made, is made according to a special formula, which takes into account the length of the rafter leg, the step between the rafters, the resistance of the selected type of wood to external loads.

Tables for selecting sections of elements are used in the design of simple roof structures. The development of a roof project of complex shapes requires a professional approach.

Rafter system nodes

The following factors influence the reliability of the truss structure:

the correct choice of the configuration of the truss system;
the strength of the joints in the nodes of the structure;
accuracy of engineering calculations when designing a roof;
the right choice and quality of materials;
installation quality.

The type of truss system, the presence of certain element nodes is dictated:

the designed shape of the roof;
the size of the covered space;
the presence and location of internal supports or load-bearing walls.

When building houses with an exploited attic or attic floor truss structures with layered rafters are usually used. Their main nodes are:

node supporting rafter legs;
ridge knot;
node "rafter-strut-rack";
node "beam-rack struts", etc.

When designing, it is important to immediately determine the methods of fastening elements. The choice depends on some features of the lumber, as well as the preferences of the people doing the construction work.

Key stages of roof construction

Installation work begins after the preparation of the project, which indicates all the dimensions of the elements and their relative position, as well as the principles of connection. In addition, you should purchase and bring the necessary Construction Materials, tools, fasteners, etc.

Construction principles pitched roof, in general, do not depend on its configuration. The technology of work includes the following stages:

Mauerlat laying. The support beam is laid on waterproofing (roofing material or other moisture-proof material), which protects the wood from decay. To attach the Mauerlat to the wall, wire embedded in the masonry can be used, or clamps can be used to pull the beam to the anchors in the wall, but preference should be given to studs built into a monolithic concrete beam.

The length of the free end of the studs must exceed the thickness of the Mauerlat beam by a gap allowing the nut to be screwed on. Studs can be staggered (but not necessary) in increments of at least 2 meters. To prevent the stud from tearing out of the concrete, its recessed end should be bent.

Installation of frontal (extreme) rafters. When a roof rafter system is being built with your own hands, it is very important to install the main rafters strictly vertically and at the same level, the correctness of the slope planes and, accordingly, how evenly the load on the roof will be distributed depends on this.

Depending on the chosen roof configuration, a ridge run is also installed at this stage, which must be strictly horizontal. The run rests on special vertical racks or is attached to the gables. If mounted hip roof, key point is the installation of diagonal rafters.

Features of the roof with a valley

The construction of a roof truss system of a complex shape (multi-gable roofs) requires the creation of joints of ridges and slopes. The planes of the slopes can have a different geometric shape: a triangle, a rectangle, a trapezoid. The valley is the junction of the slopes with the formation of a negative angle.

In terms of the house, roofs with valleys look like cruciform, T-shaped or L-shaped. These are the two main ways to create roof joins. At the design stage, a roof plan (top view) is made, taking into account dormers and dormer windows, all adjoining areas, roofs over terraces or verandas, indicating all linear dimensions. The general plan of the roof is divided into rectangles and squares, the main premises and extensions are indicated on it.

On the roof plan, the main purlins should be indicated, and in the perpendicular direction, the secondary purlins above the smaller rooms should be indicated. Then lines are drawn connecting the corners of the roof above the secondary rooms with the corners of the main roof. These diagonal lines indicate the location of the valleys - the inner corners formed by the junction of the slopes.

When installing the rafter system, the valleys at the joints of roofs of the same height (i.e., if the ridge runs are located on the same level), are diagonal rafters, resting with the upper end on the ridge run, and the lower end on the Mauerlat. The installation of such rafter legs is carried out similarly to the installation of diagonal hip roof rafters.

Depending on the size of the outbuildings, the angles of the roof slopes can have different values. The geometry of the roof can be changed by shortening the size of the purlins. Accordingly, the angle of inclination of the valley also changes. Roof truss system with a valley can be performed by expansion or non-expansion method. If spacer rafters are installed, then to relieve excess stress, a horizontal bout should be fixed at the bottom of the structure.

Valley installation

The design and installation of a roof with valleys is quite complex. In this case, errors can lead to roof collapse or leaks. One of the purposes of the valley is to provide precipitation. Valleys differ in their design:

To mount the valley on mating slopes, it is required to mount a continuous crate. Waterproofing is laid along the wooden gutter - it is better to lay it in two layers. Then the valley is fastened with screws. If its joints are horizontal, the overlap should be at least 100 mm (recommended value - 300 mm). If the valley is mounted on a slope with a small angle of inclination, it is recommended to add another layer of waterproofing, and when installing the valley on a roof made of metal, additionally use a self-expanding sealant.

An open-type valley is easier to install and better removes precipitation. Closed and interlaced structures are commonly used on steeply pitched roofs covered with certain roofing materials. Their disadvantages include increased costs for additional waterproofing and some installation difficulties. Intertwined and closed valleys drain precipitation worse, and in cold climates in winter time serve as a place for accumulation and compaction of snow.

Do-it-yourself roof rafter system, a device with a valley, video

The device and design of the roof truss system. The sequence of installation of the truss system and the features of the roof device with a valley along with a video.

Roof truss system with valley

Make a double slope or shed roof pretty simple. Although it will perform its main function, but from an aesthetic point of view, it does not differ in attractiveness. Recently, designs with several slopes and ledges have gained great popularity. At the junction of two slopes, a knot is formed, which is called the valley. This part of the roof requires special care during design and installation. From the article you will learn the features of the valley and how to make it yourself.

Design and varieties

Endova call only the inner corners of the roof. Without this element, one cannot do without buildings forming a T or G shape. In addition, similar angles are formed in the places where dormer windows, protruding parts of the attic and other architectural delights are displayed.

The main task of the valley is to protect the attic from moisture penetration. The fact is that in this place the roof experiences increased loads due to the fact that a large amount of precipitation accumulates there. In winter, snowdrifts form here and the structure can sag under increased loads.

The inner corner is assembled from two planks, and each is designed for its own purpose:

Lower. In accordance with its name, it is located under the roofing. Fastened with screws to the cornice board. She performs basic protective functions to contain moisture at the junction of the slopes.
Upper. In the inner corner it is difficult to beautifully arrange the convergence of the roofing material. Therefore, a second bar is mounted on top, which has only a decorative function.

The material of the valley is usually the same as the main covering on the roof. In some situations, it can be replaced with a galvanized steel sheet. At the same time, it is important to choose a metal with a protective coating, since it will often have to come into contact with aggressive media.

When constructing a valley, it is important to follow all the rules of construction and rafters. If one of them is neglected, then there is a threat of collapse of the frame. At the same time, the standards differ for different types of construction. Depending on the roofing material used, one of two types of frame is used:

Articulated and closed. Used on slopes with a large angle of inclination and for roofs made of flexible material, for example, soft tiles. This type requires additional layers of waterproofing.
Open. Here the slopes are connected to each other at a gentler angle. The junction is closed with a special chute, through which precipitation flows. This design does not require special expenses for the installation of excess waterproofing.

Features of the truss system and lathing

Depending on the slope of the slopes, wooden rafter legs are attached to the valley at a certain angle. At the same time, for each side, this indicator may differ from the other. Where the beams converge, a thicker rafter is installed. The method of fastening to this place depends on the length of the rafters. If it is less than two meters, then nails are enough, otherwise metal plates will be needed for reinforcement. Before performing the installation of the valley, the place of the greatest load is calculated, a retaining strut is installed there.

Where the slopes converge, it is required to strengthen the roof sheathing. How much reinforcement will need to be carried out depends on the type of roofing:

Metal tile. In order for the corner to withstand the load, additional ones are fixed between the planks of the main crate. Thus, in a responsible place, the step is halved. At the same time, it is important that the length of the crate is greater than the width of the valley plates.
Profiled sheet, ceramic tiles and slate. For these materials, boards with a width of more than 100 mm are mounted along the interface axis. The number of boards depends on the width of the substrate, you may need two or three pieces on each side.
Ondulin. The valleys retreat from the central axis by 75 cm and fasten one board less than 100 mm wide. A special groove should be placed in the resulting space.
Soft roof. For this material, the crate is made solid and somehow it is not necessary to strengthen it.

Frame device

The main part of the valley on the roof is attached to the rafter, which rests on the ridge on one side and on the Mauerlat on the other. In some cases, for example, when installing a light window, the attachment points may change. Depending on the type of roof, the height and shape of the ridge varies. This applies to both the main and secondary structures.

To change the geometric shape of the roof structure, it is enough to lengthen or shorten the run. Along with these manipulations, the slope of the valley will change.

The rafter system of the valley is assembled as follows:

Attach a run from the secondary to the rafter of the main roof structure. For connection, surcharges are used.
The rafters are fastened with nails hammered under a slope. Such a connection meets all safety requirements and can withstand a sufficient load.
From the place where the run is attached to the Mauerlat, install an inclined rafter.
The rafters are attached to the inclined rafter. For connection, support bars are pre-fixed at the points of contact.

The abutting sprigs transmit a high compressive stress to the diagonal rafter. Because of this, the beam heavily loads the Mauerlat joint. To reduce the pressure from the inclined stop to the post to which the secondary roof purlin is attached, a connecting puff is pulled. It works in tension and does not allow the stack of the valley to squeeze out the Mauerlat. If the roof is hipped, then the puff is connected between two diagonal rafters.

In addition, if under some circumstances the main skate loses its foothold, the puff will play the role of a spacer. So, it can prevent accidental destruction of the roof.

The puff or grip must be placed at the base of the valley, since in a high position it will stop working in tension. In this position, the beams work in compression and are called crossbars.

As you can see, there is no particular difficulty in the truss system for the valley and you can install it yourself. At the same time, it is important not to make a mistake in choosing the cross section of the beam and the reliability of fastening. Then you will assemble a unique roof and it will last for several decades without leaks.

Roof with valley and truss system: how to install

Design and types of truss system for a roof with a valley. Features of laying the crate and a description of the frame device.

Valley plank - what is it and how to install a valley plank + lathing and rafters scheme

A well-equipped roof of the house is an important node, providing protection to the building from the action of winds, rainfall or sunlight.

The main load falls on the roof, as on an external plane that has direct contact with all weather or climatic manifestations.

Any defects in the design of the roof mean the possibility of water getting inside, the formation of centers of destruction of the truss system or the danger of demolition of the roof during gusts of wind.

Therefore, the correct use of all elements of the roof covering, which form an airtight layer that reliably separates the interior from contact with the atmosphere, is an important and responsible part of the roof design.

Roof coverings are divided into two groups:

The coating itself, i.e. sheet or roll materials, in a set creating a plane of slopes.
Dobors - all design elements of junctions, transitions, drains, etc.

What is endova

The roof valley (sometimes a groove) is a term that has two meanings. Primarily, this is the section of the roof where two planes meet, forming a depression. This is a general concept that defines the meaning of the term, its meaning. In construction practice, another, narrower meaning of the term is used: this is what they call type of additional elements made for the design of the junction of planes. The presence of two interpretations sometimes causes some confusion caused by confusion between the two concepts due to lack of information.

Valleys (in the general sense) are of three types:

open.The junction of the planes does not have a tight seam and is covered from above with an additional strip.
Closed. The joint is tight and straight.
bound. A tight joint with transitions of the elements of the pattern of the roofing material to each other in turn.

The second and third types are much less common, since their construction requires workers with experience and special knowledge. With a large selection of roofing materials available for sale and different properties and installation specifics, it is not easy to find people who can design complex roofing elements. In addition, all work is carried out in difficult conditions, at height, which creates additional difficulties.

Valleys as an additional element are also divided according to the installation method:

Lower valley. The internal valley is installed before the roofing, because it is under the common layer. In any case, with any type of valley design, the lower bar is present as an indispensable element, since it is it that serves as a gutter that drains water into the drain. Without it, the junction of the planes will be a continuous gap.
Upper valley. This element is installed on top of the roofing material and serves, firstly, to create visual completeness, accuracy of the connection, and secondly, it prevents the accumulation of various debris in the deepening of the roof. Any foreign objects, needles or fallen leaves, small debris, etc. little by little they will create a barrier to the free flow of water, so it will find its way out elsewhere, which will certainly create a problem. The presence of the top bar prevents such accumulations.

What is a roof valley: photo

What are valleys made of and what roofing materials are they used for?

For the manufacture of valleys, the same material is used as for the main coatings - for slate, asbestos cement is used, for metal tiles or profiled sheets - galvanized steel sheet, etc.

Scheme of the truss system at the installation site of the valley

The truss system at the points of transition from one plane to another should provide straight and even lines without depressions or distortions, which can cause incorrect installation of the valley.

The device for connecting two valleys on a slope can be of the following types:

butt. With this method, the rafters of different slopes are connected by ends at an angle. Careful calculation and accuracy in work is required to avoid distortions or distortions.
overlap. The rafters do not connect to each other when placed "out of order". This option gives a great guarantee of observing the clarity of the transition of planes and maintaining straight lines.

Rafter system under the valley

For correct and precise installation of rafters first of all, it is necessary to designate runs - lines connecting planes. This is done with a stretched rope between the two extreme points of the run and are guided during assembly on this line. With due care and diligence, the design turns out to be even, suitable for performing its functions.

An important element of the truss system of the valley is the crate. At the junctions, it is made solid, with a mandatory waterproofing. The installation of the lower bar must be carried out on a flat, straight section so that the pressed bar does not receive any deformation.

Any bending will cause the protective coating to peel off., which will automatically start corrosive processes and cause the bar to fail quickly. If we take into account the presence of a layer of insulation and waterproofing, sheathing of the inner surface of the attic space, and other finishing coatings, the detection of damage to the plank will not occur immediately.

By that time, significant damage will be caused due to the penetration of water into the roofing materials, elements of the truss system. Replacing the bar will also require serious work, as well as a lot of time.

Valley installation

How to install an additional element correctly:

First of all, it is necessary make sure that the substrate is correctly and accurately constructed, that there are no distortions, and that the structure is strong. Loads on valleys can be significantly higher than on flat sections of slopes, since it is in the gutters that snow accumulates, creating strong pressure on the system.
wooden elements rafters and battens are treated with an antiseptic and the site is waterproofed. It is an additional operation for the valley, the general waterproofing of roofing materials - another position.
The installation of the lower bar. The procedure is carried out in the direction from the bottom up, the individual parts are overlapped with an overlap of 10-20 cm. All joints are treated with a sealant.
Roofing is being done. The joints of the material with the lower bar are additionally sealed.
The top bar is installed.

How to make a valley on the roof

All connections are made on roofing screws, equipped with a gasket made of special wear-resistant rubber. All places of possible leaks are treated with a sealant.

Other types of additional elements

In addition to the valleys, other roofing elements are also made. Any area requiring additional clearance, has a corresponding extension element.

Exist the following types of additional elements:

So, we have fully answered the popular question - what is a valley and how is the additional material installed correctly. All elements have clearly defined functions, their use is an important and indispensable stage in the installation of a roof. Most often, attempts to somehow replace finished additional elements with artisanal or non-standard parts lead to design inconsistencies and failure to fulfill their purpose. Saving in this case leads to big losses later.

Structural and functional features of the valley - providing an effective drain and an aesthetic appearance of the valley roof. The elements available on the market allow you to fully solve both issues, subject to competent and accurate installation. It is quite possible to carry out the work on your own, the main thing is to familiarize yourself with the procedure and the specifics of the material and do not forget about safety measures when working at height.

Valley - what is it (photo), installation of the connection of two valleys on a slope (upper and lower), installation of battens and rafters

In this article, you will learn what a valley is, as well as the types of valley: upper and lower, internal and external. Scheme of the installation of valley strips on the roof, consider the connection of two valleys on the slope, the design of the crate and rafters. Let's talk about how to properly install the valley roof + photo.

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